IOSR-JHSS   Volume-26 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2021

Abstract: The spate of communal imbroglio or crisis in Nigeria's communities is fast becoming a permanent feature despite the several measures put in place to curb the menace by government. This is not to say that the phenomenon is limited to Nigeria alone, it has infested other countries of Africa, Asia and Europe. The study set to investigate the effect of communal crises on grassroots transformation and economic development of rural areas of Nigeria. The study was anchored on Systemic Oppression theory as theoretical framework of analysis. Content analytical technique was heavily relied on by the study as important data were obtained from secondary sources such as official publications, articles from reputable journals, textbooks, documentary evidences, etc. Findings indicate that social, political and economic reasons breed communal upheavals, which hinder not only grassroots transformation, but national....

KEYWORDS: Communal Imbroglio, Grassroots, Development, Local Government, Nigerian Communities

[1]. Agu, S.U., Amujiri, B.A. and Okwor, I.M. (2012), Causes and Impacts of Ethno-Religious Crisis and National Development: A Case of Plateau State. International Journal of research in Arts and Social Science (IJRASS) 4, pp 240-250
[2]. Abada, I.M. (2004). Intra – Ethnic Conflicts in Nigeria: The Case of Aguleri – Umuleri – UmuobaAnam Crisis in Anambra State. African Journal of Political and Administrative Studies (AJPAS) 4(1) pp 234-244.
[3]. Akaninyere, P.E (2017). A Philosophical Review of Human Rights Stipulations as Guaranteed for Good Governance. Abuja Journal of Philosophy and Theology (APT) 7, pp 01-15.
[4]. Anyadike, N.O (2013). Boko Haram and National Security Challenges in Nigeria: Causes and Solutions. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development. 4(5) pp 12-23.
[5]. Chukwuezi, C.O. (2009). Poverty and Youth Restiveness in Nigeria: Implications for National Development. Ozean Journal of Social Science. 2(2) pp 97-103.

Abstract:India is a participatory democracy. In India people's participation in political activities occupies a central place. The participation of women in politics become an imperative for making sense of democracy and development. It is now proved that politics ultimately decides the fate of people. The political leaders after wining in election hold various posts of political decision making like a M.P. (Member of Parliament), M.L.A. (Member of Legislative Assembly), Mayer, Chairman of Nagar Palika Parishad, Ward Member, and hold other positions of the social economic and political organisation. These leaders play an active role in the formation of Law and regulations. There are many examples.......

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Abstract: The purpose of this research is to: 1) analyze the effect of extracurricular activities on the soft skills of prospective teachers; 2) analyze the effect of extracurricular activities on the soft skills of prospective teachers; 3) analyze the effect of intracurricular and extracurricular activities on the soft skills of prospective teachers in students of the PGSD study program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Lampung. This study uses a quantitative descriptive survey method on 62 PGSD students who were determined using a simple random sampling.......

Key Word: Soft Skills, Intracurricular, and Extracurricular.

[1]. Daryanto. 1998. Administrasi Pendidikan. Jakarta. Rineka Cipta.
[2]. Elfindri. Fitri Rasmita. et al. 2011. SOFT skills untuk pendidik. Jakarta. Baduose Media.
[3]. Ishihara, Shinobu. 2012. Softskills Rahasia Kunci Sukses Seseorang. Jurnal. Surabaya: Indonesia European University
[4]. Johnshon, David. 2009. Reaching Out: Interpersonal Effectiveness and Self-Actualization. Tenth Edition University of Minnesota: Pearson
[5]. Mulyana, Rohmad. 2004. Mengartikulasi Pendidikan Nilai. Bandung: Alfabeta

Abstract: This article sheds some light to post-independent India from a very different point of view. The film Garam Hava is interpreted from using the theories like Nationalism and Transnationalism to unravel how the so called Indian Identity was established even when Indian subcontinent was facing the consequences of Indo-Pak partition and related hatred and enmity. Love for humanity surpasses all other identities in this film and paves way for us to think beyond all narrow-minded perspectives to form a transnational world where people search for oneness and affinity than hatred and differences

KEY WORDS: Nationalism, Transnationalism, patriarchy, homogenisation, harmony

[1]. Chakravarty, Sumitra. National Identity in Indian Popular Cinema. University of Texas Press, 1993.
[2]. Michnik, Adam and Matynia, Elbieta. "Nationalism." Social Research, vol. 58, no.4, 1991, pp. 757-763. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40970671.
[3]. Orwell, George. "Notes on Nationalism."Decline of the English Murder and Other Essays. Penguin, 1965.
[4]. Prasad, Madhava M. Ideology of Indian Hindi Film a Historical Construction. Oxford, 1998.
[5]. Tagore, Rabindranath. Nationalism. Macmillan, 1917..

Abstract:The existence of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in any country is crucial. In Africa, hundreds of thousands of lives are lost annually to apathetic dispositions of persons involved in the business of keeping the work environment safe. The role of legislation in addressing issues of frequent, yet avoidable, mishaps at work requires genuine commitment on the part of government.
The International Labour Organization (ILO) details existing OSH laws in African countries. It also provides information as to the ratification statuses of Member Countries. The steps taken by governments do not appear adequate to protect vulnerable workers.......

Keywords: Occupational Health, Safety, Africa, Regulation, Government, Workplace.

[1]. Joseph Abugu, 'ILO Standards and the Nigerian Law of Unfair dismissal (2009) 17(2) African Journal of International and Comparative Law 181
Web Sources
[2]. African Union Development Agency, < https://www.nepad.org/microsite/who-we-are-0> accessed 28th June 2021.
[3]. Africanews, Corona Virus-Africa: International Labour Organization (ILO) Issues Guidance for Safe Healthy Return to Work During COVID -19 < https://www.africanews.com/2020/05/22/coronavirus-africa-international-labour-organization-ilo-issues-guidance-for-safe-healthy-return-to-work-during-covid-19//> accessed 26 June, 2021.
[4]. AUDA-NEPAD, African Union Covid-19 /Occupational Safety and Health: Guidelines Series < https://www.nepad.org/publication/african-union-covid-19-occupational-safety-and-health-guidelines-series> accessed 28 June 2021.
[5]. AUDA-NEPAD, AU COVID-19 at Workplace Guidance in Africa < https://www.nepad.org/publication/au-covid-19-workplace-guidance-africa> accessed 28 June 2021.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the nature of human trafficking crimes that have an impact on women as victims. This type of research is descriptive research with a juridical-empirical approach, which is research that examines positive legal rules to get answers to existing problems by linking facts or phenomena about the effectiveness of legal protection against women victims of the crime of trafficking in persons. The results of the study show that: the nature of the crime of trafficking in persons that affects women as victims in South Sulawesi undergoes a very complex process with various forms of exploitation, violence, and mistreatment that causes suffering both physically and psychologically.

KEYWORDS: Women; Victim; Trading

[1]. Ike Sylvia, I. (2014). Pushing and Pulling Factors of Human Trafficking in West Sumatra. Humanus, 13(2), Hal:194
[2]. Agus Takariawan and Sherly Ayuna Putri, (2018). Legal Protection for Victims of Human Trafficking in the Perspective of Human Rights, Ius Quia Iustum Journal, Vol. 25, No.2, Pg:239.
[3]. Shinta Agustina, (2006). Trafficking of women and children as a transnational crime: Problems and solutions in Indonesia. Pro Justitia Journal of Law, 24(1), Page: 49
[4]. USEmbassies and Consulates. 2019. Annual Report on Trafficking in Persons 2019. Accessed via https://id.usembassy.gov/id/our-relationship-id/official-reports-id/laporan-tahunan-perdagangan-2019/ on August 19, 2020.
[5]. US Embassies and Consulates. 2019. Annual Report on Trafficking in Persons 2019. Accessed via https://id.usembassy.gov/id/our-relationship-id/official-reports-id/laporan-tahunan-perdagangan-2019/ on August 19, 2020

Abstract: The Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), 1958, was introduced in India as an emergency measure for one year in 1958 to deal with the Naga insurgency in the North Eastern part of India. The Act comprises provisions that give protection to the armed forces to carry out operations in the concerned states. The Act in many ways has been opposed by people saying how it is a mockery of human rights, which are inherent to all human beings regardless of their sex, race, nationality, etc. There have been cases of human rights violations that ranged from forced detention to rape. Manipur society is highly prone to violence which is undisputed. To understand the day to day violence in Manipur one has to delve deeper and discern the structural violence built inside the socio-economic and political structures of the society. This structural violence has led to many gross human rights violations including.........

KEY WORDS: Hobbes, Locke, AFSPA, Human Rights, Natural Rights, Social Contract, Right to Life

[1]. https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/04/12/india-manipur-victim-families-activists-harassed.
[2]. Banerjee, Rabi. "Body Of Lies." Cover Story. The Week, October 28, 2018.
[3]. Dobhal, Harsh. Shadow of AFSPA: Independent People's Tribunal report on Human rights Violation in Manipur. Imphal, Manipur: Human Rights Law Network, 2009.
[4]. Jura Gentium, Fondazione Feltrinelli, Sara Trovato. "Hobbes,war and the right to life." Cortona Colloquim 2007. October 2007.
[5]. Kom, Ch.Sekholal. "Etnic Mobilization and Militancy in North East Inida: A case of Manipur." The Indian Journal Of Political Science, 2010: 869-879.

Abstract: The pandemic Covid19 affected the social, emotional, and mental well-being of the entire planet, and Morocco is no exception. Various works are focused on understanding the epidemiology, transmission patterns, vaccines' distribution, and management of Coronavirus pneumonia. Nevertheless, few studies deal with the outbreak's impact on psychological health and well-being during the lockdown. The mental health crisis and the pandemic are deeply interconnected. Long-term isolation is a breeding ground for mental fragility in people. This paper aims to explore how Moroccans faced the current mental health challenges during the lockdown. It also examines the necessary support mechanisms to assist them in maintaining their mental health and well-being throughout the lockdown..

Key Words: Covid19 effects, Lockdown, mental health, psychology, children, socioemotional outcomes, Moroccan population.

[1]. https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020
[2]. https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---18-march-2020
[3]. https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/spanish-flu-pandemic-and-mental-health- historical-perspective
[4]. https://www.eltis.org/in-brief/news/difficulties-and-advantages-lockdown-seen- employees
[5]. https://ps.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1055

Abstract: Nigeria has the second largest HIV epidemic in the world and one of the highest rates of new infection in Sub-Saharan Africa. Students in tertiary institutions fall within the vulnerable group of HIV infection. Based on this background, the study investigated the effects of intervention programmes for enhancement of voluntary counselling and testing for HIV/AIDS among students in tertiary institutions in Ekiti State, Nigeria. It assessed the knowledge and attitude of students towards counselling and testing for HIV/AIDS. In addition, the study determined the attitude of students towards stigmatization and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS. The study adopted pre-experimental one group pretest posttest research design. The population for the study comprised students.......

Keywords: Stigma, Risk, Behaviour, Intervention, testing.

[1]. Adegboyega, J. A. & Ebun, O. (2016). Environmental and personality factors influencing the exposure to HIV and AIDS prevention message among the students in public tertiary institutions in Ondo State. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Social Science, 6 (6) l 1 – 6.
[2]. Arodiwe, I, Arodiwe, E.; Okeke, T. & Onwasigwu, C. (2018). Knowledge, attitude, willingness of HIV counselling and testing and factors associated with it, among long distant drivers in Enugu, Nigeria: an opportunity in reduction of HIV prevalence. African Health Sciences, 18 (4), 1088 – 1097.
[3]. Badru, T, Nwaisaka, J.; Khomofu, H.; Agbakwuru, C.; Adedokun, O.; Raj Pandey, S.; Essiet, P.; James, E.; Chen-Carrington, A.; Mastro, T.; Aliyu, S. &Torpey, K. (2020). HIV comprehensive knowledge and prevalence among young adolescents in Nigeria: evidence from AkwaIbom AIDS indicator Survey, 2017 BMC Public Health, 20: 45.
[4]. Federal Ministry of Health (2011). HIV prevention package: MARPS and Vulnerable Groups. Federal HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Office. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[5]. Ignatius, N. & Lois, O. (2008).Knowledge and sources of information of HIV/AIDS among Secondary School Students in Imo State, Nigeria. Research in Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sports & Dance, 3 (2), 46 – 50.