iosr-JNHS   Volume-4 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2015

Abstract: Objectives: To identify and evaluate the practices of the nurses who work in emergency unit at Azadi teaching hospital toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methodology: Descriptive study were conducted by evaluation the sample which that consist of (44) nurses, through pre-test and post-test, they are chosen purposively (non-probability) for period 15th August 2014 to 30th September 2014. This study was applied in emergency unit at Azadi teaching hospital in Kirkuk city.

[1]. Meaney P, et al, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality: Improving Cardiac Resuscitation Outcomes Both Inside and Outside the Hospital A Consensus Statement From the AHA, 2010 :20
[2]. Shuster M, Lim SH, et al, Part 7: CPR techniques and devices: International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, Circulation, 2010, 122 (suppl. 2) :4-8
[3]. Markenson D, Ferguson A, et al, Part13: First-aid, AHA & American Red Cross International Consensus on First-aid Sc. With Treatment Recommendations,AHAjournal,2010 :3
[4]. Nolan J, Hazinski M, Billi JE, et al, International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations, 2010 :6-13
[5]. American Heart Association (AHA), Basic Life Support for Healthcare Providers, 2011: 1-4
[6]. Yount R, Correlation Coefficients, 4th edition, chapter 22, Pearson' Reliability, 2006 :2-7, Accessed April 3 2013, weblog http://www.napce.org

Abstract: Back ground: Liver cirrhosis is a serious chronic and irreversible disease which affects most of the body organs and systems and reduce the quality of life of patients. It needs a nursing guidelines to be developed according to patient's needs. Aim of the study is to investigate the impact of a designed nursing intervention protocol on quality of life for patients with liver cirrhosis at Internal Medical Department in Minia University Hospital, as indicated by knowledge related to liver cirrhosis, health problems relieve, prevention of complications and improving quality of life. To fulfill the aim of this study three research hypotheses were formulated.

[1]. Canobbio, M. M. (2000). Mosby's Hand Book of patient teaching. 2nd ed. Louis, Horcourt health science company; 270-73, 306-10.
[2]. Hairon, N. (2008). New guidance on osteoarthritis focuses on patient education: the care and management of osteoarthritis in adults. http://www.nice.org.uk/CG59
[3]. Joyce, B., and Jane, H. (2009). Medical Surgical Nursing. 8th edition, congress, pp.474.
[4]. Kalaitzakis, E., Josefsson, A., and Bjornsson, E. (2008).Type and etiology of liver cirrhosis are not related to the presence of hepatic encephalopathy or health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol; 8: 46.
[5]. Kocaman, N., Kutlu, Y., Ozkan, M., et al. (2007). Predictors of psychosocial and adjustment in people with physical disease .Journal of nursing and health care of chronic illness in association with Journal of Clinical Nursing,16(3a),6-16.

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine the knowledge of vaccine preventable diseases and routine immunization among nursing mothers in katagum local government Area, Bauchi state. Descriptive survey design was used for the study. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. A sample of 1,437 mothers of childbearing age was drawn by the use of cluster sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire. Its face and content validity were confirmed by three experts while the reliability co-efficient of the instrument was 0.92 using test retest method. The instrument was administered to the respondents personally by the researcher and research assistants and 1,232 copies were returned and used for data analysis.

[1]. Akesode, F.A. (2002). Factors affecting the use of Primary Health Care Clinics for children, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 36 (4), 310 – 314.
[2]. Akinsola,H.Y. (2002). Behavioral sciences for Nurses, Perspectives, from Medical Sociology and Psychology.Garborone:Bay Publishing Ltd.
[3]. Akuezilo, E.O. &Agu, N. (2003).Research Methods and Application.Awka:NuelCenti Publishers and Academic Press.
[4]. Alakija, W. &Sofoluwe, G.O.(2000). Immunization State of Children in Bendel State, Nigeria, Public Health Journal, 94 (10), 168- 173.
[5]. Ambe, J.P. (2007). Perceptions, beliefs and practices of mothers towards measles vaccination. http//www.entrezpubmed.com.
[6]. Angelillo, I.F., Ricciardi, G., Rossi, P., Pantisano, P, Langiano, E., &Pavice, M. (2009). Mothers and Vaccinations: Knowledge, attitudesandbehaviour in Italy, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 77 (3), 224-229.

Abstract: Background: Malnutrition is one of the significant factors contributing to Infant and child mortality in developing countries of the world. Nutrition during the first five years has an impact not only on growth and morbidity during childhood, but also acts as a determinant of nutritional status in adolescent and adult life. Aims and objectives: The study aimed at assessing practice and attitude regarding dietary habits in relation to prevemntion of malnutrition among mothers of preschool children, finding the correlation between practice scores and attitude scores, and find out association between practice and attitude scores with selected demographic variables.

[1]. Cohen, R. J., Brown, K. H., Canahuati, J., Rivera, L. L. & Dewey, K.G. (1994) Effects of age of introduction of complementary foods on infant breast milk intake, total energy intake, and growth: a randomized intervention study in Honduras. Lancet 344: 288–293. [2]. World Health Organization (1995) The World health Organization's infant-feeding recommendations. Bull. WHO 73: 165-174.

[3]. Brown, K., Dewey, K., & Allen, L. (1998) Complementary Feeding of Young Children in Developing Countries: A Review of Current Scientific Knowledge. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.

[4]. Ruel M.T. & Menon P. (2002) Child Feeding Practices are associated with child nutritional status in Latin America: Innovative uses of the Demographic and Health Surveys. J. Nutr. 132:1180-1187.

[5]. Victora, C. G., Smith, P. G., Vaughan, J. P., Lombardi, C., Teixeira, A.M.B. & Fuchs, C. (1989) Infant Feeding and Deaths due to Diarrhea. A Case-control Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 129: 1032–1041.

Abstract: Today's children are in a world of rapid development. Optimal mental health is essential to cope with this development and to overcome the stress related to it. Environment plays a major role in the intellectual development. Television being a part of the present environment attracts children who spend hours watching both suitable and unsuitable programmes. The television also acts as a baby sitter.

[1]. Dr.Vijayrani M. Small screen fascination. The Hindu 13/11/2004.
[2]. Bordeaux, BR and Lange, G. Children's reported investment of mental effort when viewing television. Communication research, 18.1991:617-35.
[3]. Television; Reducing the negative impact. Available from URL; http//www.Med,umich.edu//llibr/pa/pa-btelevis-hhg.htm.02-06-2006
[4]. Heath L, Bresolin LB, Rinaldi RC. Effects of media violence on children: A review of the literature. Archives of General Psychiatry 1989;46: 376-9.
[5]. Earles KA. Media influences on children and adolescents: violence and sex. J Natl Med Assoc 2002; 94(9):797-801.
[6]. Christakis DA, Zimmerman FJ, Digiuseppe DL, Mc Carty CA. Early Television exposure and subsequent attentional problems in children. Pediatrics 2004; 113:708-13.

Abstract: The lack of proper training for caregivers and personnel inside Egyptian orphanages is cited as a key factor by both government officials and independent children's-rights activists so the aims of the current study are to; Assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of caregivers toward institutionalized school age children behavior. And train care giver on behavior modification strategies to improve their skills in dealing with children. The study was conducted at Institution of education for Boys (EL Mansoura –EL Glaast .West –district) and Institution of education for girls. (EL Mansoura –EL stad st. East –District). Quasi experimental design was followed.The subjects of this study include, All care givers (n=50) who have worked at the previously mentioned settings .

[1]. Azarrad, J (2001). Our kids are out of control. Psychology today. September.
[2]. Bibars, I., (2001) Street children in Egypt: from the home to the street to inappropriate corrective institutions. Environment and urbanization, Vol. 10, No.1
[3]. Black, S (2003) Angry at the world: Why are some kids so aggressive? And how should school handle them? American school boad Journal, 190 (6).
[4]. Debord, K (2000).Childhood aggression: Where does it come form?. How can it be managed? http:// www. c e s.n c u.edu / depts. / human /pubs /aggression.html.
[5]. Friedberg, R., & McClure, J. (2002). Clinical practice of cognitive therapy with children and adolescents. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics. 23(6), 457- 458.
[6]. Fries, A and Pollak, S (2004) Emotion understanding in post –institutionalized Eastern European children. Development and psychopathology (16) pp 355-369.

Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study is to screen and assess the prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection among the pregnant women attending ANC in Sokoto Metropolis. Method: 5ml of blood was collected from each of 384 participants recruited and these serum samples were tested for hepatitis B virus infection using HBsAg Rapid Test Strip manufactured and described by ABON Biopharm Co., Ltd (Hangzhou).

[1] Agbede O.O., Iseniyi J.O., Kolawale O.M.,Ojuawo A., (2007) "Risk Factor and Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B SurfaceAntigenemia in Mother and Preschool Children in Ilorin", therapy; 4(1): 67-72

[2] Akani C.I., Ojule A.C., Opurum H.C., Ejilemele A.A., (2005) ''Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B surface Antigen among pregnant women in Port Harcourt, Nigeria'' Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal; 12 (4): 266-270.

[3] Arora D.R. and Arora B., (2011) '' Textbook of Microbiology'', third edition, pp 627-632

[4] CDC (2011)."Updated U.S. Public Health service guidelines for the Management of occupational exposure to HBV, HCV &HIVand recommendation for post exposure prophylaxis". MMWR;50(RR-11): 1-42.

[5] Choudhary I.A., Khan S.A., Samiullah (2005)."Should we do hepatitis B and C screening on each patient before surgery". Pak J Med Sci; 21:278–80. [6] Cuschieri, S. A. and R. J. C. Steele (2002)." Essential Surgical practice, 4th ed". Moosa, A.R. editors. London: Arnold. Pp. 366-380

Abstract: Objective: the study aimed to assess serum level and tissue expression of Cytokines in brain tumour (meningioma and glioma) of Iraqi patients. Methodology: In this study, 64 Iraqi brain tumor patients (30 meningioma and 34 glioma) were investigated for serum level of IL-2, IL-8, IL-10 and IFN-γ, and tumor-immunohistochemical expression of IL-2, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-α and TGF-β. Two control samples were also enrolled in the study. The first included 30 blood donors, while the second included 15 cadavers for immunohistochemical evaluation.

[1]. Machulla, H.K.G., Steinborn, F., Tschigrjai, M., Langner, J. and Rainov, N.G. 2003. Meningioma: is there an association with human leukocyte Antigens? Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, 12(12): 1438-1442. PMID: 14693734.

[2]. Lu, H., Ouyang, W. and Huang, C. 2006. Inflammation, a key event in cancer development. Molecular Cancer Research, 4(4): 221-33. PMID: 16603636.

[31]. Merlo, A., Juretic, A., Zuber, M., Filgueira, L., Lüscher, U., Caetano, V., Ulrich, J., Gratzl, O., Heberer, M. and Spagnoli, G.C. 1993. Cytokine gene expression in primary brain tumours, metastases and meningiomas suggests specific transcription patterns. European Journal of Cancer. 29A(15): 2118-2125. PMID: 8297651.

[3]. Albulescu, R., Codrici, E., Popescu, I.D., Mihai, S., Necula, L.G., Petrescu, D., Teodoru, M. and Tanase, C.P. 2013. Cytokine patterns in brain tumour. Mediators of Inflammation progression, 2013; 2013:979748. DOI: 10.1155/ 2013/ 979748

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