iosr-JNHS   Volume-6 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2017

Abstract: Life style changes in Saudi Arabia over recent decades made major impact on food habits and physical activity of individuals. Overweight and obesity are emerging epidemic affecting large proportion of population especially adolescents. This paper aims to find the influence of eating habits and physical activity on body mass index of female nursing students. A descriptive study was conducted in College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University among one hundred and twenty eight female nursing students. Demographic Performa and Self-administered questionnaire on eating habits and physical activity were used to collect the data. Individual subject height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index...........

Keywords:Eating habits; Physical activity; Body Mass Index (BMI); Overweight; Obesity.

[1]. World Health Organization Statistics on obesity and overweight retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/
[2]. Marie NG,Tom Fleming BS,Margaret Robinson BA, Nicholas Greetz BS, Christoper BS, Erin C,et al, Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet, Volume 384, No. 9945, p766–781, 30(8):2014.
[3]. KSA 3rd in world obesity ranking. Retrieved from http://www.arabnews.com/node/965551/saudi-arabia.
[4]. Musaiger AO, Al-Mannai MA. Weight, height, body mass index and prevalence of obesity among the adult population in Bahrain. Ann Hum Biol. 2001;28(3):346–350. doi: 10.1080/030144601300119151. [PubMed] [Cross Ref]
[5]. Al-Kandari YY. Prevalence of obesity in Kuwait and its relation to sociocultural variables. Obes Rev. 2006;7:147–154. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2006.00231.x. [PubMed] [Cross Ref]..

Abstract: Background: Osteoporosis is a disorder characterized by loss of bone tissue caused by decrease of calcium, the bone become weak, brittle and cause pain which lead to increased risk of bone fracture. Aim: To determine risk factors and preventive Measures Awareness regarding osteoporosis among nursing students in King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA. Research Questions: 1. what are risk factors of developing osteoporosis among nursing students in King Abdulaziz University at Jeddah? 2. What are the preventive measures awareness regarding osteoporosis among nursing students in King Abdulaziz University at Jeddah? Setting: King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Nursing............

Keywords: Osteoporosis - Risk factors - Preventive measures - Awareness - Nursing student

[1]. Khalifa, A.F.M., Mohammed MD1, Abdullah Nasser2, Yasser Alhulaimi2, Ahmed Alanazi2, et al.,(2017): KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS ABOUT OSTEOPOROSIS AMONG SAUDI ADULTS IN RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA ,www.journalijar.com DOI:10.21474/IJAR01/2902 DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/2902
[2]. Seeman, E., Bianchi, G., Adami, S., Kanis, J., Khosla, S., & Orwoll, E. (2004) Osteoporosis in men-consensus is premature. Calcified Tissue International. 75(2), 120-122.
[3]. ElTohami, KH., Waqas Sami, Ahmed AL Eidan, etal., (2015). Study of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Osteoporosis among Adult Women in Majmaah City, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences,; 4 (3): 185 – 93.
[4]. Preedy D, Masud T, Torgerson D et al., (2006); a general practice audit of postmenopausal women at high fracture risk and its influence on falls burden: the osteoporosis nurse initiative programme (ONI). Osteoporos. Int. 17: S144–S144.
[5]. Smith CA. (2010).A systematic review of healthcare professional-led edu- cation for patients with osteoporosis orthose at high risk for the disease. Orthop. Nurs.; 29: 119–132.

Abstract: Background: Clinical practice is fundamental component of the baccalaureate nursing program. It provides student nurses with knowledge, skills, and attitudes required for their future nursing roles. Blood pressure measurement is an important clinical nursing skill however, errors in measuring blood pressure occur often. Aim: to investigate the effect of using Simulation-Based Blood Pressure Measurement on Practice Competency among 2nd year nursing students at king abdulaziz university. Design: A quasi experimental research design was used............

Keywords: Simulation Based- Blood pressure measurement- practice competency- Nursing Students.

[1]. Gaberson, K., Oermann, M. (2013): Clinical Teaching Strategies in Nursing, 3rd.,Springer Publishing Company, 0826105823, 9780826105820.

[2]. Brunt, B. A. (2005) : Models, Measurement, and Strategies in Developing Critical-Thinking Skills, The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, November 2005 - Volume 36 · Issue 6: 255-262. DOI: 10.3928/0022-0124-20051101-05.
[3]. Taye-Smith, A., Gosling, C., (2005): An observational Study of student osteopaths` measurement of arterial blood pressure by sphygmomanometery and auscultation, School of health sciences, Victoria University, Australia.
[4]. Gordon, Ch.J., Frotjold, A., Fethney, Green, J., and Hardy, J. (2013): The Effectiveness of Simulation-Based Blood Pressure Training in Preregistration Nursing Students, Vol. 8, Number 5.

[5]. Armstrong RS. (2002): Nurses' knowledge of error in blood pressure measurement technique International Journal of Nursing Practice, 8(3): 118–126

Abstract: Background: Diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis (TB) is a challenging work for paediatrician. As many invasive procedures have been used with low yield. There is need for simple, rapid and feasible diagnostic test in diagnosis of childhood TB. Aim of the study : To assess the reliability of immuochromotographic test (ICT) in diagnosis of childhood TB uses scoring system as gold standard. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study in the period from 1St of April 2014 to 30th of September 2014, conducted among 101child in Mohamed Elamin Hamid hospital. Informed consent was obtained from the parents.............

[1]. World health organisation; global tuberculosis control; WHO report 2010.Geneva; world health
[2]. Organization 2010[http;//www.who.int/tb/publications/global-report/2010/en/index.html] Adjei AA, Armah H, Duah OA, Adiku T, Hesse IFA. Evaluation of a rapid serological chromatographic immunoassay for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Accra, Ghana. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2003;56:161–164.
[3]. WHO Report. Global Tuberculosis Control. 2010. WHO/HTM/TB/2010.7.

[4]. Machado A, Emodi K, Takenami I, Finkmoore BC, Barbosa T, Carvalho J, Cavalcanti L, Santos G, Tavares M, Mota M, Barreto F, Reis MG, Arruda S, Riley LW. Analysis of discordance between the tuberculin skin test and the interferon-gamma release assay. IJTLD. 2009;13:446–453.
[5]. Shakak AO, Khalil EAG, et al. Possible risk factors of progression to overt disease among individuals with latent tuberculosis infection in the Sudan. IJCR. 2013;13:1107–1110.

Abstract: Nursing students encounter enormous of stresses and challenges to meet the educational process demands than other study programs, because of a unique set of circumstances encompassing their degree. One of these challenges is the academic procrastination. Significantly, resilience is a crucial quality that equips them to meet these stresses and challenges. Aim: To compare between cross cultures regarding academic resilience and procrastination tendency among nursing students. Design: Descriptive, comparative, correlational research design was utilized in conducting this study. Setting: This study was conducted in an accredited nursing............

Keywords: Academic Resilience, Procrastination Tendency, Nursing Students, Cross-Cultural Study

[1] Abiola, T., & Udofia, O. (2011). Psychometric assessment of the Wagnild and Young's resilience scale in Kano, Nigeria. BMC Research Notes, 4(1), 509.
[2] Aloba, O., Olabisi, O., & Aloba, T. (2016). The 10-Item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale Factorial Structure, Reliability, Validity, and Correlates among Student Nurses in Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 22(1), 43-51.
[3] Ares, G. (2016). Methodological issues in cross-cultural sensory and consumer research. Food Quality and Preference. available at www.sciencedirect.com.
[4] Asarta, C., & J. Schmidt. (2013). Access Patterns of Online Materials in a Blended Course. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education: 11 (1): 107-123
[5] Balkis, M. (2013): The Relationship between Academic Procrastination and Students 'burnout. Journal of Education, 28(1), 68-78

Abstract: Background: Blood transfusion for children is considered an integral part of everyday life in an acute hospital setting and is a matter of life or death. Therefore, nurses should have a competent and safe transfusion practice. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of training program on nurses' competent practice towards children receiving blood transfusion. Design: A quasi-experimental design was utilized to conduct this study. Settings: The study was carried out in Pediatric Medicine departments at Benha University Hospital, at Benha City. Sample: A convenient sample of 60 nurses from the previously mentioned settings. Tools: Tools of data collection included; Tool (I): A structured interviewing questionnaire sheet to explore nurses' personal data and their knowledge regarding blood transfusion for children to explore nurses............

Keywords: Training program, competent practices, Blood transfusion.

[1]. Barclay L., (2011): Transfusion guidelines in children reviewed, Medscape Medical News, WebMD, LLC; 4(11): 124-127.
[2]. British Committee for Standards in Haematology, (2012): Guideline on the administration of blood components addendum, London: BCSH. Available at: www.bcshguidelines.com
[3]. Cole K.M., and Walker T., (2012): Implementing a blood management program to improve patient safety
[4]. Cowell D.A., (2009): Pediatric safe transfusion practice workbook, 2nd ed., Pp.: 4-42. [5]. de Graaf J.D., Kajja I., Bimenya G.S., Postma M.J., and Sibinga C., (2009): Bedside practice of blood transfusion in a large teaching hospital in Uganda: An observational study, Asian J Transfus Sci.; 3(2): 60–65.

Abstract: Aim: Today's nurses require to analyze patients' problems, generate creative solutions and make appropriate decisions to improve quality of care, thus our study concerned with enhancing nursing students' CT skills through applying SDL strategy.
Method: quasi experimental (Pretest and posttest) design was used, the study conducted at Nursing Administration Department, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University. The subject consisted of all (152) 4th year nursing students enrolled in "nursing administration" course, divided into two identical groups (experimental and comparison groups). Four tools were used to collect data; Tool I: California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI). Tool II: Critical Thinking Stimulus. Tool III: Self-Directed Learning Readiness Scale. Tool IV: Nursing students' SDL and CT knowledge test............

Keywords: Self directed learning, critical thinking, learning strategy and nursing students.

[1]. Abd-El-Fattah M. (2010). Garrison's model of self-directed learning: preliminary validation and relationship to academic achievement. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 13(2):586–96.
[2]. Azer, S.A. (2008). Navigating problem-based learning. London: Elsevier.
[3]. Bartlett D.J. & Cox P.D. (2002). Measuring change in students' critical thinking ability: implications for health care education. Journal of Allied Health 31: 64–9.
[4]. Bastable, S.B. (2003). Nurse as educator: Principles of teaching and learning for nursing practice. Boston: Jones and Bartlett.
[5]. Bittner NP, Tobin D., (1998). Critical thinking: strategies of clinical practice. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development; 14(6): 267-72.

Abstract: Healthy nutritional status is one of the pinpoint to be observed in assessing health status of an individual. It is also used as a direct and indirect indicator body's strength to defend unhealthy happenings. Health statuses of under-five children are among the under-nutrition vulnerable population segments. Thus, this study was conducted to assess factors associated with nutritional status of under-five children in Yirgalem town, southern Ethiopia. A kebele (Lower administrative Unit) was selected using lottery method from kebeles in the town. A community based cross-sectional study design was employed on a total of 398 child and mother/caregiver pairs selected through simple random sampling. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire, analyzed by descriptive statistics............

Keywords: Stunting, under-five children, underweight, wasting

[1] Wikibooks, Human Physiology/The gastrointestinal system, https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Human_Physiology/The_gastrointestinal _system
[2] Ergin F, Okyay P, Atasoylu G, Beser E. Nutritional status and risk factors of chronic malnutrition in children under five years of age in Aydin, a western city of Turkey. The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2007; 49(3):283–289
[3] Blössner, Monika, de Onis, Mercedes. Malnutrition: quantifying the health impact at national and local levels. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2005. WHO Environmental Burden of Disease Series, No. 12.
[4] World Health Organization (WHO). 2011. World Health Statistics. World Health Organization,Geneva, Switzeraland
[5] Hailemariam A and Kloos H. Population. In: Kloos H; Zein Az. eda. The Ecology of Health and Disease in Ethiopia. Westview press 1993: 43-66.

Abstract: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder, which is related to multiple etiologies that lead to defects of insulin secretion, insulin action or a combination of both. diabetic patients have an inadequate level of knowledge about DM will lead to poor management which negatively affects patients outcomes, quality of life, and satisfaction. Therefore the purpose of this review was to investigate the patients' knowledge about diabetes mellitus and its management in different areas of knowledge which include causes, symptoms and complications of diabetes mellitus in addition to the areas of disease management which are feet care, monitoring, meal planning, exercise and diabetic medications.

Keywords: Diabetic patients' knowledge gaps,diabetic patients' knowledge, , diabetic patients' self-care, Learning needs, management methods and adherence.

[1]. world health organization. definition,diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. geneva : world health organization, 1999.
[2]. diabetes mellitus.epidemiol. s.l. : world health organization, 2006. pp. 652-660.
[3]. Global burden of diabetes,prevalence,numerical estimates,and projections. king, H, Aubert, R and Herman, W. 9, 1998, diabetes care, Vol. 21, pp. 1414-1431.
[4]. Iwueze, J. Managing your diabetes:assessment and management of patients with diabetes mellitus. s.l. : owerri:skillmark media Ltd., 2007. p. 42.
[5]. contribute data to the 6th edition of the IDF Diabetes Atlas,diabetes research and clinical practice. International Diabetes Federation. 2, 2013, Vol. 100, pp. 280-281.

Abstract: Nursing educators should recognize the need to develop innovative teaching strategies that would enhance student learning. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying a self-instruction package on cognitive performance among pediatric nursing students in Egyptian and Saudi settings. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out at the Faculty of Nursing, Cairo-University, Egypt and the College of Nursing, Hail University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) on a sample of convenience of 100 Egyptian and 90 Saudi nursing students. A self-instruction unit addressing lower respiratory infections, especially pneumonia was prepared and applied............

Keywords: Active learning, faculty members, nursing students, pediatric nursing, self-instructional package, teaching strategies.

[1]. Haines N., Beard L., Day M.,Mengel M., and Moody C. (2017): Where are the Children? -pediatrics in an integrated format, Journal of Nursing; Available at: http://rn-journal.com/journal-of-nursing/where-are-the-children-pediatrics-in-an-integrated-format. Accessed5/1/2017.
[2]. Tabatabaei O. The Effect of Self-Directed Learning on Critical Thinking of Iranian EFL Learners. . Journal of Educational and Social Research; 2012, 2:55-64.
[3]. Xu J-H. Toolbox of teaching strategies in nurse education. Chin Nurs Res.; 2016, 3:54e57. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.cnre.2016.06.002
[4]. Rudasill, S. (2011), Instruction at FSU, "A Guide to Teaching and Learning Practices" 7 th. ed., The Florida State University. [5]. Grabinger and Dunlap R., Scott and Joanna C. (2015): "Rich environments for active learning: a definition". Retrieved 25 September 2015.

Abstract: Approval of the Traditional Health practitioners Act 22 of 2007 causedgreat concern among biomedical health practitioners because it was believed that African indigenous practitioners use African medicine that is detrimental to the health of the community.Theywere treated as illiterate and unscientific,and believed to be practicingin unclean conditions. It was expected that the establishment of the legislation wouldpromote collaboration between the biomedical and African indigenous health practitioners, however the formerare still reluctant to integrate with the latter. The aim of this article is to explore the views of the latter regarding the practices and healthcare delivery methods of their African counterparts in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa.............

Keywords: African indigenous health practitioners/Biomedical;healthcare delivery methods; Mpumalanga province; Views

[1]. T. Joy, Side Effects of All National Chinese Herbal Medicine. Livestrong.com, 2015.
[2]. M.G. Mokgobi,Views on traditional healing: Implications for integration of traditional healing and western medicine in South Africa,2012.
[3]. B. Hlabano,Perceptions of traditional healers on collaborating with biomedical health professionals in uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal, 2013.
[4]. World Health Organization, Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care, Geneva, 1978.

Abstract: A study was conducted to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of health care package on risk factors and prevention of neonatal hypothermia in low birth weight babies in terms of knowledge and practice of postnatal mothers in a selected hospital of Nepal. Research approach adopted for the study was evaluative research with pre- test and post-test control group design. The sample comprised of 60 postnatal mothers of LBW babies, 30 each in experimental and control group who were selected by purposive sampling technique followed by random assignment.............

Keywords: Health care package, Hypothermia, Knowledge, Low birth weight baby, Practice.

[1]. Watkinson, (2006). Effect of Hypothermia in pretem. M Clin perinetol, 33(1), 43-53.

[2]. Bhandari, UM. et al. (2012).A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on Knowledge of Mothers on Prevention of Hypothermia among Newborns in Selected Hospitals of Belgaum, Karnataka. South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2(1), 89-92.

[3]. Shrestha, D. et al. (2008). Cross sectional, community based study of care of newborn infants in Nepal. British Medical Journal, 325(2) 1063.
[4]. Padiyath, M.A. (2010). Knowledge attitude and practice of neonatal care among postnatal mothers." Journal of current paediatric research, 14 (2), 147-152.

Abstract: Background: Integration of nursing theory into practice is a vital concern of educational organization. Satisfied clinical environment influences not only educational goals, but also affect nurse students' choices of future career. Intensive care unit is appreciated learning environment which allow a great chance for internship nurses to get training through internship year. Intensive care unit is a multidimensional unit which has a straight influence on the conclusions of internship nurses ' clinical training. Understanding these dimensions is the first step toward enhancing learning and training to ensure safety and quality of patient care.............

Keywords: Clinical learning environment, nurse intern, preceptor, satisfaction, supervisor.

[1] Henderson A, Briggs J., Schoonbeek S. & Paterson K. A framework to develop a clinical learning culture in health facilities: ideas from the literature, International Nursing Review 2011; 58: 196-202.

[2] Lakanmaa RL, Suominen T, Perttilä J, Ritmala-Castrén M, Vahlberg T, Leino-Kilpi H. Basic competence in intensive and critical care nursing: development and psychometric testing of a competence scale. Journal of clinical nurse 2014; 23(5-6):799-810.

[3] Semdley A, Morey P. Improving learning in the clinical nursing environment perception of senior Australian bachelor of nursing students. Journal of Research in Nursing 2009; 15(1):88-75.

[4] Chan DSK .Development of an innovative tool to assess hospital learning environment. Nurse Education today 2001;21(8):624-31.

[5] Skaalvik MW, Normann HK, Henriksen N. Clinical learning environment and supervision: experiences of Norwegian nursing students. A questionnaire survey. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2011; 20 (15-16): 2294-304. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03727.x.

Abstract: Endometriosis is a condition or disease, when endometrial tissue, that normally lines the inner surface of the body of the uterus, is found elsewhere. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of changing life style on endometriosis related pain, using one group pre-post test quasi experimental time series research design. In order to investigate the research hypothesis which is Women who receive dietary health education will have lesser post-mean pain score than pre-mean pain score. Subjects and methods: One group pre-posttest quasi experimental time series research design was adopted in this study to achieve the study's aim. A purposive sample of 50 women diagnosed with endometriosis was selected from gynecology inpatient departments & outpatient clinic at El Galaa Maternity Hospital. The data collection tools were Sociodemographic............

Keywords: Lifestyle changes, Health education endometriosis, pain

[1]. K.E. Nnoaham, L. Hummelshoj , P. Webster, T. d'Hooghe , F. de Cicco Nardone ,C. de Cicco Nardone, C.Jenkinson , S.H.Kennedy, and K.T. Zondervan , Impact of endometriosis on quality of life and work productivity: a multicenter study across ten countries, Fertil Steril,96 (2) ,2011,366-373.

[2]. R.S.Schenken, Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Diagnosis of Endometriosis, 2013. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/pathogenesis-clinical-features-and-diagnosis-of endometriosis?

[3]. P. Vercellini, P. Viganò, E. Somigliana, and L. Fedele, Endometriosis: pathogenesis and treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol, 10: 2014, 261–75.

[4]. P.A.Rogers, T.M. D'Hooghe, A.Fazleabas, C.E.Gargett, L.C. Giudice , G.W. Montgomery, L. Rombauts , L.A. Salamonsen, and K.T. Zondervan, Priorities for endometriosis research: recommendations from an international consensus workshop , Reprod Sci ,16(4), 2009, 335-46. [5]. G.D. Adamson, S. Kennedy, and L. Hummelshoj, Creating solutions in endometriosis: global collaboration through the World Endometriosis Research Foundation, J of Endometriosis,2(1) 2010:3-6.

Abstract: Background: Hysterectomy remains one of the most common major gynecological surgery. Postoperative sexual function is a concern for many women and their partners. In this respect, a beneficial effect of hysterectomy for benign disease independent of surgical techniques or removal of the cervix has been demonstrated in the past decade by the majority of studies
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Roy Adaptation Model on sexual function and spousal support among women with hysterectomy...........

Keywords: Education , sexual function, hysterectomy, Roy adaptation model

[1]. Marta H, Szilvia T, Geza H, Tamas H, Jozsef B, and Janos G. (2015); Quality of Life, Sexual Functions and Urinary Incontinence After Hysterectomy in Hungarian Women. American Journal of Health Research. Vol. 3, No. 6, , pp. 393-398.
[2]. Sheth SS, Paghdiwalla KP, Hajari AR (2011). "Vaginal route: A gynaecological route for much more than hysterectomy". Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics &Gynaecology 25 (2): 115–132.
[3]. Marjoribanks, J. Lethaby, A. Farquhar, C. (2006) Surgery versus medical therapy for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Issue 2
[4]. Selcuk S , Cam C, Asoglu M R b, Kucukbas M a, Arinkan A a, Cikman M S a, Karateke A :Effect of simple and radical hysterectomy on quality of life – analysis of all aspects of pelvic floor dysfunction a European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 198 (2016) 84–88
[5]. Flory N., Bissonnette F., Binik Y.M.. (2005) Psychosocial effects of hysterectomy: literature review. J Psychosom Res. 59, (3):; 117–129.

Abstract: Background: Integration of nursing theory into practice is a vital concern of educational organization. Satisfied clinical environment influences not only educational goals, but also affect nurse students' choices of future career. Intensive care unit (ICU) is appreciated learning environment which allow a great chance for nurse interns (NIs) to get training through internship year. ICU is a multidimensional unit which has a straight influence on the conclusions of NIs' clinical training. Understanding these dimensions is the first step toward enhancing learning and training to ensure safety and quality of patient care.............

Keywords: Clinical learning environment, nurse intern, preceptor, satisfaction, supervisor.

[1] Henderson A, Briggs J., Schoonbeek S. & Paterson K. A framework to develop a clinical learning culture in health facilities: ideas from the literature, International Nursing Review 2011; 58: 196-202.

[2] Lakanmaa RL, Suominen T, Perttilä J, Ritmala-Castrén M, Vahlberg T, Leino-Kilpi H. Basic competence in intensive and critical care nursing: development and psychometric testing of a competence scale. Journal of clinical nurse 2014; 23(5-6):799-810.

[3] Semdley A, Morey P. Improving learning in the clinical nursing environment perception of senior Australian bachelor of nursing students. Journal of Research in Nursing 2009; 15(1):88-75.

[4] Chan DSK .Development of an innovative tool to assess hospital learning environment. Nurse Education today 2001;21(8):624-31.

[5] Skaalvik MW, Normann HK, Henriksen N. Clinical learning environment and supervision: experiences of Norwegian nursing students. A questionnaire survey. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2011; 20 (15-16): 2294-304. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03727.x.