IOSR-JHSS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2014

Abstract: Transport sector is one of the biggest contributors to changing climate in cities around the world. Prior studies on many urban locations both in Asia as well as EU have reported that there is a strong positive relation between number of vehicles and temperature change in a given location. However, no research has been reported investigating this topic in Kolkata. This paper investigates the relation between the growth of personal vehicles (cars and two wheelers) and change in annual mean temperatures in the city of Kolkata. I have created a time series database collating secondary data obtained from multiple sources for the period between 1984 and 2010 and used regression analysis technique to test the relationship between growth of personal vehicles and change in mean annual temperature. The analysis shows that mean minimum temperature in Kolkata has increased from 21.8° C (1984) to 23° C (2010) - an increase of 1.2°C in the last twenty five years. There is a clear evidence of warming at night with increase of mean minimum temperature. The regression results suggest a positive and significant relationship between growth of personal vehicles and change in mean annual temperature and the trend line has a positive r value of +0.52. Understandably, the emissions of carbon monoxide, lead, sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, etc. from vehicles contribute to this increase. The paper concludes by suggesting some remedial measures emphasizing on the role of public transport to mitigate climate change through the reduction of green house gas emissions.
Key Words: climate change, green house gas emission, regression analysis, urbanization, vehicular explosion.

[1] Chapmar. L, Transport and Climate Change: a review. Journal of Transport Geography, 15, 2007, 354-367.
[2] Sharma. D., Tomar, S, Mainstreaming Climate Change adaptation in Indian cities. Environment and Urbanization,22(2), 2010, 451-466
[3] Ghose. K.M, Air Pollution in the city of Kolkata: Health Effects Due to Chronic Exposure, Environmental Quality Management,19(2),2009,53-70
[4] Ghosh. A.R., Air Pollution and Health in Calcutta: A Geographical Analysis, Geographical Review of India, 62, 1995, 370-378.
[5] Das.D, Sharfouddin. A , Dutta.S, Personal Vehicles in Delhi : Petrol Demands and Carbon emission, International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, Volume:3, 2009, 122-137.

Abstract: This study has assessed urban residential quality of life in two neighbourhoods of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria -- drawn from the informal (waterfront) settlements that line the creeks of the city. The study set out to ascertain residents' perception of neighbourhood attributes, residential quality of life as whole and the variables considered by residents to be the most important to enhance residential quality of life. Neighbourhood attributes were studied in situ without experimental manipulation and at one period in time, i.e. the study adopted a passive-observational research design. The study utilized both secondary and primary data sources. Primary data was collected using face-to-face administration of a largely pre-coded household questionnaire, to a probability sample of 192 respondents, drawn from the 2 neighbourhoods. Data analysis was based on responses from 191 questionnaires retrieved and the univariate analytical method was adopted. The study found, that residential quality of life in the informal settlement of Port Harcourt Municipality was low with garbage in the neighbourhoods. There was no street lighting in the neighbourhoods, periodic flooding occurring in two the neighbourhoods.

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Abstract: Poverty is deprivation of the many and affluence for the few. Poverty may, therefore , be conceptualized as the socio-economic phenomenon where by the resources available to a society are used to satisfy the wants of the few while many do not have even their basic needs to meet. Poverty in India is a complex socio-economic 'phenomenon. It is neither a new nor it suddenly appeared,, but there has been much awareness of the Problem withinand outside the country (Ahluwalia, 1974).According to Lewis, "we come closer to describing what poverty is when we define it as the inability to satisfy one's material wants or needs."With about 19% of the state's population below the defined poverty line.Poverty is generally denoted by per capita real income but this does not fully describe the grimness, abjectness, or abysmalness of poverty. Of late, poverty has been identified with certain unsatisfactory results, e.g. - low expectancy of life, a low rate of literacy, a high infantile mortality rate, i.e.

[1] meeta Krishna "Poverty Alleviation and Rural poor", Amittal publication .
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Abstract: The present paper deals with the information seeking behavior of faculty of Science Colleges of Gondia Education Society , Gondia . The Study conducted through survey and reveals that 52(28.85%)faculty mostly used the reference sources, Books and Journals. The paper also throws light on the knowledge and use of e- resources, problem in lack of time and satisfaction or faculty for library resources and services.
Keywords: Information, Information Seeking Behavior, Gondia Education Society.

[1] Rakshit, A. a. (2001). Information Technology And Agriculture. Yojana , 17.
[2] www.gondia education society.com.
[3] Chopkar, H. a. (2011). Information Seeking Behavior of Research Scholars of Biological Science Department of Dr. Babasaheb Marathwada University : A study. International Journal of Information Dissemination and Technology , 241-243.
[4] Chuma , Opara Nnadozie and Chizoba Doris Nnadozie (2008) . The Information needs of faculty members in a Nigerian private University : A self study. Library Philosophy and Practice ( e-journal),1-9.
[5] T. Prabhakaran , Dr. P. Ravichandran and Dr. K. Vijaykumar (2010). Information access patterns of faculty in arts and sciences colleges in chidambaram. Library philosophy and practice ( e- journal),1-6.

Abstract: In India, the Special Economic Zones(SEZ) have been in existence for decades but has attracted renewed attention only in recent years. However the success in promoting the trade differs from state to state. The present Study aims at analyzing the factors that are crucial for success of the zones. The analysis covers state-wise approvals of SEZ. The fiscal support received from Tamilnadu state government in growth of TSEZ. It examines the determinants of investments and export performance empirically within the theoretical framework provided by new growth theories.

[1] AggarwalAradhana (2004). Export Processing Zones in India: Analysis of the Export Performance. - Working Paper No. 148. New Delhi: ICRIER.
[2] Aggarwal, Aradhna (2006), "Special Economic Zones:Revisiting the Policy Debate‟, Economic and Political Weekly, November 4, pp. 4533-4536.
[3] Arora, O P (2003). Compilation of Circulars on EPZ/SEZ/EOU issued by CBEC, DGFT & RBI. Published byM/s AnmkurArora Associates.
[4] AseemShrivastava (2007), http://www.infochangeindia.org/analysis 167.jsp) raises the following questions regarding the SEZs.
[5] Ashok Upadhyay (2005), Special Economic Zones--An idea whose time has lapsed, Business Line, Tuesday, December 20.

Abstract: This study explored the impact of gender, school resources and teacher-pupil ratio on academic achievement of secondary school students. A convenient sample of 1567 students, 770 Government and 797 Private students from fourty schools of Aurangabad, Nanded and Parbhani districts of Maharashtra (India) was used for present study. The VIIIth grade final marks for academic Achievement scores and School assessment Scale were used for data collection, while t-test, Mean and S.D. techniques were used for statistical analysis. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between academic achievement of Government and Private secondary school students on gender and resources basis. The results of analysis showed that Government and Private secondary schools are using comparatively the same school inputs and teacher-pupil ratio. Moreover the students of Government schools had higher academic achievement in comparison to Private managed schools.
Key Words: Gender, school resources, Academic achievement , Teacher-pupil ratio.

[1] Angrist, J. and V. Lavy (1999), Using Maimonides‟ rule to estimate the effect of class size on scholastic achievement, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 114, 533-75. Department for Education and Skills/HM Treasury (2005), Child Poverty: Fair Funding for Schools. London: Department for Education and Skills/Treasury.
[2] Bashir, & Sajitha. (1994). Achievement Performance at the Primary Level in Public and Private Schools of Tamil Nadu: Preliminary Analysis Using Ordinary Least Squares, New Delhi: Indian Educational Review. Vol. 29, National Council of Educational Research and Training.
[3] Behrman, et al. (1997). School Quality and Cognitive Achievement Production: A Case Study of Rural Pakistan, Great Britain: Economics of Education Review Vol. 16, No. 2, Elsevier Science Ltd.
[4] Benjamin Thomas Doane, (2008). The relationship between school facilities & academic achievement, dept. of teacher Ed. Ohio University, M.Ed 2008.
[5] Coleman, j. S., E. Q. Campbell, C. J. Hobson, J. Mc Portland, A. M. Mood, F. D. Winfield, and R. L. York. (1966). Equality of Educational Opportunity. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Abstract: Global flows of goods and ideas threaten the viability of local products and dismantle the economic basis of least developed countries like Ethiopia. Urban populations in Ethiopia, with the existing unbalanced exposure to western communication media, have become dominated with the knowledge, values, norms, and attitudes of western communities. Thus, the rich and dynamic culture of the local community has been diluted. Therefore, this research assessed determinants of consumers' product preference in Arada and Piazza Shoes and/or Clothes' shop in Gondar Town, Ethiopia. Mixed research with concurrent triangulation strategy was employed. Semi-structured interview and survey research method with self-administered structured questionnaires were used. More than half (63.8%) of respondents prefer to use locally substituted foreign products where allowed to choose either foreign or domestic shoes and/or clothes. Quality, function and place of manufacture were the criteria of preference of products for 91.6%, 91%, and 83.4% of respondents respectively where 58.3% believe on the better quality of foreign products. Proud of and conformity to one's life styles had statistical significant positive association with preference of buying locally produced shoes and clothes. Youths especially youth females have strong attachment with foreign products. People prefer foreign products being having varieties in style, purpose and considering the fashion preferred by the current generation. Thus, traditional cloth and shoes industries should produce products considering current styles and fashions demanded by different groups with different circumstances together with its quality and cultural values.
Key Terms: Determinants of Product Preference, Domestic Products, Foreign Products.

[1] Byrne J., Glover L. and Alrøe H. (2005). Globalization and Sustainable Development: A Political Ecology Strategy to Realize Ecological Justice. University of Delaware. Newark. Retrieved on July 2012 from http://www.globalization101.org.
[2] Olasunkanmi, A. (2011). Economic Globalization and its Effect on Community in Africa. Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
[3] Backhaus, N. (2003). The Globalization Discourse. Institutional Change and Livelihood Strategies. Working Paper No. 2.
[4] Olasunkanmi, A. (2011). Economic Globalization and its Effect on Community in Africa. Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
[5] Byrne J., Glover L. and Alrøe H. (2005). Globalization and Sustainable Development: A Political Ecology Strategy to Realize Ecological Justice. University of Delaware. Newark. Retrieved on July 2012 from http://www.globalization101.org.

Abstract: This problem was undertaken by investigator to add new and interesting idea which can break monotony and give a touch of novelty in construction of Kitchen Textiles by Gandhara art. A pre- market survey was conducted to assess the present availability of various Kitchen Textiles through net, magazine, books etc. For this survey was carried out on Faculty members of Clothing and Textiles and 50 graduate students of Department of Home Science, Banasthali University were selected for doing Gandhara art on different kitchen textiles and consumer preferences. After this Gandhara motifs were collected from primary and secondary sources and then investigator developed 30 design sheets. These design sheets were further evaluated by using 5 point scale method and 10 most preferred design sheets were converted into prototypes. These all are constructed according to the preferred design sheets and then developed prototype further evaluated on the basis of color combination, cost, acceptability and aesthetic appeal. Majority of the products were found to have high marketing and acceptability.

1] Inner Miranda (1996), "Fabric painting" Darling Kindersly limited, London, Pp 8-9
[2] Odendaal T, Pretarius A (2003) " Step by step fabric painting, " New Holland publisher, U K ltd, Pp-98
[3] Gupta Priyanka (2010) "Designing of home furnishing using quilting and hand painting technique with calligraphy and traditional art motifs" M.H.Sc. project, Banasthali university, Rajasthan
[4] Robbinson, S, and Robbinson, Exploring printing Hills and Boom limited: London, pg no. 94-98, 1997.
[5] Agarwal Saumya, (2010) "Innovation in home furnishing accessories using alphabet motifs with fabric painting" M.H.Sc. project, Banasthali university, Rajasthan
[6] Varshney R.(2010) " Value addition in dining room furnishing articles with Dabu printing" M.H.Sc. project, Banasthali university, Rajasthan
[7] Buchthal, H.(1995) " The Haughton Collection of Gandhara sculpture" Burlington Magazine 86.

Abstract: There are many factorsthat affect the structure of architecture in general, and civil buildingsin particular, like the economic circumstances, ethnicity, jurisprudence, political issues, as well as the founder's perspective and his capability to afford the expense to create a structure with soul and heart. In this regard, this paperaimsatspecifically highlightingthe different environmental factorsaffecting civil architecture such as the geographic nature and climate. All these features can revealmuch about the building, to point out whether it is original or not.This is reflected in the materials and ideas as well,whichprovide insights on if the plan of any buildingis original or affected by a certain region or foreign effects and basics, which could have the main control over the work.Such factors played impressive roles in house planning.Thus,the study refers to all of the effects, with special focus on the climate and location of those houses, which resulted in having these master pieces in both cities. Remarkable palaces and houses planning showed thatthe windows'distribution, balconies, roofs made in different shapes and forms; and all the other elements were used to complete the structure of buildings. Keywords: Turkey, Egypt, Biosphere, River Nile, the Mediterranean

[1]. Fathie, H., Environment and Architecture in Cairo ( Dar el-Maaref, Cairo,1977).
[2]. Wazerey, Y., Environment and Islamic architecture (Alam el Maarefa, Kwiute, 2004).
[3]. Lezine, Alexander, abdel Al- Tawab, Introduction a l'etude des maisonsanciennes de Rosette,AnnalesIslamologiques,AnIsl 10,1972, 149-205
[4]. Lezine, Alexander, persistence de traditions pre-Islamiquesdansl'architecturedomestique de l'Egyptmusulmane, AnnalesIslamologiques, AnIsI, 1972, 1-22
[5]. Awad, M, Civil building wood in Turkey in the nineteenth century and their impact on contemporary construction projects in Egypt, Faculty of archaeology, Cairo, PhD, 2003
[6]. Yaman,Yucel, Koy Koy Turkiye yolo Atlas (Istanbul,2004)