IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2017

Abstract: There is no doubt that much work has been done in Arabic literature of Yoruba authorship and a kind of intellectual division of labour seems to have been obtained, but there is still a room for contributions. The personage that this paper intends to discuss his work-Kitaab as-shaghrab was one of the best speech actualizing icons emerged in 19th century. The work is opened with what can be called didactic opening giving humility to people of scholarship. It presents to us with a bewildering variety of themes, as the quest for knowledge central in the work. Apart from moral issue raised, piety and ascetic life pervade the work. In the midst of the work the author buckled into a one to one correspondence with his opponents, where he made a catchy dismissive reaction. The work also deals with metaphysical issue which will continue to nag the questing mind. The work comes to a close with general humility from the author...........

Key words:- Taju'l –Adabi ,'Adid,Literary discussion,Humility

[1] Al-illuri, Adam Abdullah: Islamic fi Naijiria. Agege press. Third edition, 1978/1398H.
[2] Bamgboye, Y.A "Contributions of Shaykh Taj al-Adab to Arabic and Islamic Learning in Yorubaland", aMaster's Dissertation, submitted to Department of Arabic and Islamic Studies, University of Ibadan. 1978
[3] Hunwick J.O: Arabic literature of Africa vol.2. The writing of central sudanic Africa. E.J, Brill. London 1995. PP. 444-468.
[4] Muhammad Labibu (Taju'l Adab): Kitaab as-saghrab in 'Salman Ake,B.O: kitaab as-saghrab: Adid Traslated into Yoruba language. Kewulere commercial press Ilorin. ( n.d)
[5] Research Bulletin: Centre of Arabic Documentation:institute of Arabic studies University of Ibadan. Vol. VI, no 1&2, p.73 December 1970.4

Abstract: The power sector is one of the most critical growth drivers for any country. The power sector in India is highly regulated by the government and is dependent on the policies framed regarding bidding for power projects, regulations regarding transmission of power between states and pricing of power supply to consumer is also decided by the government. In India, the passage of the Electricity Act, 2003 brought about an impetus in the sector which paved way for new reforms in it. This paper firstly presents the overview of Indian power sector followed by analysis of growth of power sector in terms of installed generation capacity, electricity consumption, transmission and distribution losses ,number of villages electrified, length of T&D lines and per capita consumption of electricity using compound annual growth rate .

Keywords: Power Sector, Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Power Consumption, T&D Loss, etc.

[1] Antoinette D., K.V. Narasimha Murthy, and Amulya K. N. Reddy. 1999. "India's Power Sector Liberalization : An Overview". Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 34(23), pp. 11
[2] Baijal, Pradip. 1996. "Restricting Power Sector in India: A Base Paper". Economic and Political Weekly, Vol.34 (39), pp. 2795.

[3] Bajaj, J.L. 2004. "Power Sector Reforms in India: Regulatory Issues". IIMB Management Review. Vol. 34(81), pp 37-60.
[4] Bhattacharyya, C.S. 1999. "An Overview of Problems and Prospects for the Indian Power Sector". Energy Review, Vol. 19(12), pp.795–80.
[5] Central Electricity Authority. 2012. Monthly Electricity Generation Report. New Delhi.

Abstract: The objective of the present research was to understand the sector differences (public vs. private) in Indian banks on organisational commitment. The study also tries to understand the relationship between psychological capital and organisational commitment in the banking sector. The sample comprised of 147 middle level managers, above 25 years of age, working in public and private banks. The organizational commitment questionnaire and the psychological capital questionnaire were administered and descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis. On the basis of public and private sector, no significant differences were found on organizational commitment but the public sector employees had significantly higher continuance commitment than the private sector. It was found that there is a significant relationship between psychological capital and organizational commitment. The study has implications for designing psychological interventions to enhance organizational commitment.

Keywords - affective commitment, continuance commitment, organisational commitment, psychological capital, public v/s private

[1] Hofstede G; Hofstede G.J. and Minkov M., Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, Revised and Expanded 3rd Edition. McGraw-Hill. 2010
[2] Goswami, A., Dalmia, N. and Pradhan, M. "Entrepreneurship in India", Report for the National Knowledge Commission, Government of India. 2008
[3] Sinha, D., and Tripathi, R.C., Individualism in a collectivist culture: A case of coexistence of opposites´, in Kim, U and others eds., Individualism and Collectivism: Theory, Method, and Applications. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage. 1994
[4] Fischer, R. and Mansell, A. Commitment across cultures: A meta-analytical review approach, Journal of International Business Studies,40: 2009.1339-1358.
[5] Morrow, P.C., The Theory and Measurement of Work Commitment JAI Press, Greenwich, CT. 1993

Abstract: Coastal area is a dynamic geomorphic unit. Many geomorphic processes are the playing role on coastal area and also deterministic events have been dominated on land use pattern and agricultural practice. Floods, shifting of shoreline, shifting of sand dune, salt water invasion ,coastal and river bank erosion are the most effective geomorphic process, which are the determinant to change of agricultural practice and pattern. Agricultural land, fish farm, saltpan, grazing land, forest land and also settlement are changing due to coastal geomorphic deterministic way. Coastal erosion and shifting of dunes are very sensitive issue for agricultural practice of Kanthi coastal plain. The rate of coastal erosion about 8-12m/year and shifting of dune rate about 6-8m/year. The sand dunes are shifting towards the land and also capture the agricultural land, as a result change of cropping pattern is found in this area. Food crops cultivation, commercial crop cultivation, horticulture, aquaculture are affected due to timely action of geomorphic hazards.

Key words: Coastal geomorphic process, Geomorphic Deterministic approach, Agricultural land use, Land use changes, Socio-economic change

[1] Ahamad, E. (1972). Coastal Geomorphology of India Orient Longman Ltd. New Delhi. 222p.
[2] Chakraborti, A. (1965). Geomorphology and Beach sedimentation around Digha, W.B., India. Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. IIT. Kharagpur. 550. CHA/G. Ph.D. 341
[3] Chatterjee, P.K. (1972).Beach erosion in the area around Digha, Midnapur disctict, W.B. and its influence on ground water characteristics. Proc. Geom. Geohyd. Geotech, Lower Ganga Basin. IIT. Kharagpur. Pp.B 19-24.
[4] Paul, Ashis kr. (1988). Morphoecological dynamics of the Coastal tract of West Bengal. Ph.D. Thesis in Geography. Univ. of Calcutta. 218p.
[5] Paul, Ashis Kr. (1996). Identification of coastal hazards in West Bengal and part of Orissa. India Journal of Geomorphology. Vo. 1. No. 1. New Delhi, Academic and law serials. pp. 1-27.

Abstract: World Economic Forum (WEF) 2016 reported that India has mostly been ranked in the bottom half of the 38 countries that make up our lower middle-income bracket. Particularly disappointing is its position in terms of Fiscal Transfers, where it ranks 37th out of 38. It also ranks very low at 32nd for Tax Code and 36th for social protection. The literature reviews show that India failed to understand the links between unemployment and labor market institutions that foster inclusive growth. India was missing major opportunities to reduce income inequality, access to health, education and failed to create economic infrastructure. The researcher will measure the potential of Indian inclusive growth policies towards the achievements of Sustainable Development Goals in India. In this context, the researcher will measure the idea of social opportunity function that is similar to social welfare function.........

Keywords -Inclusive Growth, Policies, Social Opportunity Function, Household Survey, Employment Opportunity.

[1] Ahluwalia, M. (2007). Indian Inclusive Growth Strategies. New Delhi: Planning Commission.
[2] Ahluwalia, M. (2012). Prospects and Policy Challenges in the Twelfth Plan. Economic and Political weekly, Vol.46(No.21).
[3] Ali, I. a. (2007). Inclusive Growth toward a Prosperous Asia: Policy Implications. Manila: ERD Working Paper Asian Development Bank.
[4] Ali. J. (2007). Pro-poor to inclusive gowth: Asian Prescriptions. Manila: ERD Policy Brief No.48, Economics and Research Department, Asian Development Bank, .
[5] Baviskar, A. (2015). Regional Dimensions of Social Movement in India, "Indian Rural Development Report 2013-14", IDFC. New Delhi: Oxford University Press

Abstract: Poverty-ridden people of human society are not capable to claim any sort of rights. Poverty is not only deprivation of basic needs or material resources but a violation of human dignity. The most injurious and debilitating characteristic of poverty is loss of dignity. In recent years, the International Human Rights Law has acquired a high level of global legitimacy. Human Rights approach to poverty looks not just at resources but also at the capabilities, choices, security and power needed for the enjoyment of an adequate standard of living and other fundamental civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights. Human Rights have no meaning unless it begins with the right to life at a tolerable level of existence.

Keywords: Poverty, Human Rights, Human Dignity, Development

[1] Henri Bartoli, Progress and Poverty Concepts and Dialectics in Different Cultures, in Paul Mare Henry (ed.), Poverty, Progress and Development. (Paris: Kegan Paul International/UNESCO 1991) 11-57
[2] Few
[3] A poor man
[4] Poverty
[5] Hunger
[6] Suffering

Abstract: The partition of Bengal and subsequent swadeshi and boycott movement opened a new episode in the history of freedom movement of India. Though the movement started in Bengal it spread all over India. Starting from Bengal the agitation spread like wild fire in cities, towns and even villages where housewives, students and people of every corner in life participated to protest against the divisive policy of the Raj which was unprecedented in Indian history. A remarkable aspect of the movement was the widespread student participation all over Bengal, and in several other parts of India. The students showed the greatest enthusiasm and created swadeshi spirit in Bengal and also India. This movement had left a deep impact on literature, music, art, science and education of Bengal as well as India. The patriotism, sacrifice and courage of the students earned great respect from the common people.

[1]. Rajimwale, Anil: History of Student Movement in India: Origins and Development (1920-1947), Manak Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2001, p.44
[2]. I bid.
[3]. Majumdar Ramesh Chandra: History of the Freedom Movement in India, Vol. II, Firma K. L. M., Calcutta, 1963, pp.75-76
[4]. Majumdar R. C.: op. cit. p. 62
[5]. Sarkar, Sumit.: Modern India: 1885-1947, Macmillan, New Delhi, 1983, pp. 111-112

Abstract: TIt has been widely argued that decentralized governance is an instrument for multifaceted development and it can ensure effective and equitable development at grassroots level (Maro 1990; Tuner 2000: 115; World Bank 2000:107). This is because, locally elected representatives know their small constituency better and are in advantageous position to provide better services according to their electorate's preferences. It is easier for the electorates to hold elected bodies accountable for their performance (Higgins 1992:3). In the present study, development refers to the progress achieved in decentralized governance per se and its effective, equitable and sustainable delivery of services to the satisfaction of the people. Effectiveness is understood as the ability of decentralized governance to produce results that meet the future needs of society while making the best use of resources at their disposal..............

[1] Aiyer, Mani Shankar. 2002. "Panchayati Raj: The Way Forward." Economic and Political Weekly, XXXVII (31): 3293-97.
[2] Alsop, Ruth. 2004. "Local Organizations in India: Roles and Relationships." Draft Research Report. World Bank, Washington, DC.
[3] Alsop, Ruth, and Nina Heinson. 2005. "Measuring Empowerment in Practice: Structuring Analysis and Framing Indicators." Policy Research Working Paper No. 3510. World Bank, Development Economics Research Group, Washington, DC.
[4] Aziz, Abdul. 1993. "Decentralized Planning: The Karnataka Experiment." Thousand Oaks/London: Sage Publications.
[5] Bandyopadhyay, D. 1996. "Administration, Decentralization and Good Governance." Economic and Political Weekly, 31 (47): 3109-14

Abstract: In this work, monthly and daily rainfall records of 1977-2008 for Gombe station and that of Tumu which covers the period of 1965- 1997 as well as that of the other nine stations across the state were analyzed to describe changes in rainfall seasons, duration, number of rain days as well as the amounts of rainfall received per a given rainy season. It was observed from the data analyzed that there was delay in the starts and ends of rainy seasonin the northern parts of the study area of about 14 to 21 days. In the same vein, the numbers of rainy days as well as the amount of rainfall received in the two parts of the study area vary significantly when correlated. For example, rains lasted for about 36-59 days at Billiri station (lat 09o51΄50 ˝) with 684.56mm mean annual rainfall in the southern Gombe, while Dukku(10o 36΄15˝) in the northern part showed 17-55 rainy days with 650.27mean annual within the same period.............

Keywords: - Rainfall, Pattern, Gombe Distribution and Variability

[1] Adebayo, A.A. (2010): Climate Resource and Resistance to Agriculture. In An Inaugural Lecture 8th Series of Federal University of Technology, Yola ABTI Printing Press Yola Nigeria.
[2] Adefolula, D.O. (1986): Rainfall Trends in Nigeria: The Theoretical Climatology. In: SprnggerlinkVerlag, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp.205-219.
[3] Agboola, S.A (1979): An Agricultural Atlas of Nigeria Oxford University Press.
[4] Ayoade, J. O. (2004): Introduction to Climatology for the Tropics, Spectrum Books Limited Ibadan Nigeria. Page 151-170.
[5] Ayoade, J. O. (2008): Techniques in Climatology, Stirling-Horden Publishers Ltd. Gaaf Building Oyo Road, Origun Off University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Abstract: The present study is aimed to study the learning style of male and female students with reference to their emotional intelligence at senior secondary level. A sample of 250 boys and 250 girls studying in four senior secondary schools of Meerut city was randomly selected. The investigator had personally met the participants and administered the tool. Emotional Intelligence scale by Arun Kumar, Prof. Suraksha and learning style inventory by Prof. K.S.Misra was used. Investigator studied emotional intelligence of male and female students. Learning styles of male and female students with reference to high and low emotional intelligence was also studied. Mean, S.D., T-test, percentage and significance of percentage were calculated to analyse the data. The findings reveal that male and female students do not differ with reference to emotional intelligence. Males with high emotional intelligence prefer enactive reproducing............

Keywords: Emotional intelligence, Learning style, Senior secondary students

[1]. Alghamdi, F. (2014). The role of Trait Emotional Intelligence in Individual Performance: A descriptive Study in Albana University, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Service Science and Management, 7(5), 361-367.

[2]. Ahmad M. Mahasneh (2013). Learning styles as a predictor of emotional intelligence among sample of Jordanian university students. European Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 2(2), 46-55.

[3]. Alavinia, Parviz & Ebrahimpour, Sara (2012). On the correlation between Emotional Intelligence and Learning Styles: The case of Iranian Academic EFL Learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(6), 1291-1299.
[4]. Garret, H.E. & Woodworth, R.S. (1985). Statistics in psychology and education. Bombay: Vakils, Feffer and Simons Pvt. Ltd..

[5]. Goleman, Daniel (1995). Emotional Intelligence: Why it can matter more than IQ, New York: Bantom Books

Abstract: This study is a critical analysis of Nigerian democratic experiment and crisis of governance. It is axiomatic to state that Nigeria is naturally endowed with both human and material resources that can trigger off national development and growth but still grope with unbridled failures, weak economy and high debt profile. The main reasons for the undemocratic practice and socio economic stagnation are the leadership crises; bad policies, poor moral and ethical standards, undemocratic selection process (imposition pattern), political corruption which have weakened the system of governance. The study focused to establish how the governors of Nigerian States handled the affairs of the people they govern and reasons for the underdevelopment especially in the rural areas. The study adopted elite and anomic theories considered relevant to this study as theoretical framework of analysis. The study established that............

Keywords: Nigerian Government, Democracy, Economy, Dysfunctional Governance.

[1] Abah, E.O and Nwoba, M.O.E (2016). Effects of leadership and Political Corruption on Achieving Sustainable Development: Evidence from Nigeria. Journal of Policy and Administration Research, 6 (6).
[2] Achebe, C. (1984). The Traceable with Nigeria. Enugu: fourth Dimension Publishers
[3] Adetutu, F. (2014) Intrigues of Nigerian Leaders over the peoples Affairs. Sunday Sun, 18th July 2014, 3 -5
[4] Agbor,U. I.(2011) Leadership attitude ,development paradigms and African's fouth Republic. Journal of sustainable Development in Africa13 (1)
[5] Awoyinfa, S. (2015). Thugs Invade Tribwal, Beat up PDP Chiefs. The Nation, 13th July 2015, 8 -9...

Abstract: TSikkim on account of its proximity to Tibet became a sensitive area between India and China since Chinese government's callous activity over Tibet to drop Lamaism. In the limelight New Delhi became alive to the paramount importance of Sikkim due to its strategic location. Given the worsening situation in Tibet, 0n 14th December 1950, by signing treaty with India, Sikkim became protectorate of India enjoying autonomy in its internal affairs, while India would look after defense and territorial integrity of Sikkim. Since Sikkim is only feasible overland trading route between Chinese-occupied Tibet and India, its geopolitical importance is highly significant for Indian foreign policy dynamics and in the 'Great Game' interest in Himalayan politics.

Keywords: - China, Lamaism, New Delhi, Sikkim, Tibet

[1] B.S. Das, The Sikkim Saga (Vikas Publications, New Delhi, 2002).
[2] Andrew Duff, Sikkim Requiem For A Himalayan Kingdom (Random House India, 2015).
[3] Sikkim State Archives. Indo-Sikkim Treaty of 1950. Sikkimarchives.gov.in.
[4] L.B. Basnet, Sikkim A Short Political History (S Chand & Co, New Delhi, 1974).
[5] Ibid

Abstract: Check hidden layers in the painting "Alexander War with Russia" of Khamseh of Nizami, belonging to the period of Khalil Sultan announced the existence of political thought in the age of Turkmen Aq Quyunlu in the Shiraz (Iran). It seems political thought of Jalal al-Din Davani caused to Continuity Iranshahri political thought and aesthetic and cultural elements of ancient Persia in this period. The aim of the research is to achieve a different interpretation of the Scene "Alexander war with Russian" with descriptive, analytical approach. The results indicate, this painting has a political strains and beyond its formal aesthetic elements, the implications are profound, leading to political power of Khalil Sultan, through Iranshahri political thought, by influence of the ideas of philosopher of Shiraz school, Jalal al-Din Davani, one of the most political man in the Turkmen court and the Founder of Davanies school placed in Shiraz.

Keywords: - Political Thought, Khalil Sultan Aq Quyunlu, Jalal al-Din Davani, Khamseh of Nizami

[1] Ahmad, M. 2005, "Iranshahri Political Thought in Alexandernameh of Nizami", Quarterly of Tarbiat Moallem University of Azerbaijan, No. 6 (2), 2005, 11-23.
[2] Davani, J., Lavam-Al-Eshraq FIi Makarem-Al-Ackhlaq (Ethics of Jalali), (No place, No date).
[3] Dabashi, M., Analysis of the philosophical and theological ideas of Jalal-al- Din Mohaghegh Davani, Journal of Kheradnameh Sadra. No. 3, 1996. 4-51.
[4] Keshavarz Afshar, M., Tavoosi, M., Zeimaran, M., (2011), in an article titled Iranshahri Political Thought in Persian painting, Journal of letter of visual and Applied arts, No. 6, 2011, 35- 56.
[5] Riyazi, H. Nizami Ganjavi stories and messages.(Tehran: Haghighat, 2006).
[6] Tabatabai, J., income philosophical history of political thought in Iran, Tenth Edition. (Tehran: Islamic Culture Publications Office. 2009).

Abstract: Introduction: Rapid urbanization and urban growth, particularly in the developing worlds, is continuing to be one of the crucial issues of global change in affecting the physical dimensions of cities.
 Case description with Methodology: This study proposes a technique to extract urban built-up land features from, Multi Spectral Scanner System (MSS-1977), Landsat Thematic Mapper (1998, 2003, and 2014) and Hyperion EO-1imagery of part of Delhi NCT in India as examples. The study selected two indices, Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Normalized and Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI) to represent three major urban land-use classes, built-up land and vegetation, respectively. The relationship between land use/land cover (LU/ LC) change and population shift and their effects on the spatiotemporal patterns of urban area were quantitatively examined using an integrated approach of remote sensing, geographical information systems (GIS)...........

Keywords: -Rapid urbanization and urban growth, Delhi NCT, NDVI, NDBI, urban land-use, Peri-urban areas, urban sprawl and sustainable and balanced urban growth.

[1]. Allen and Lu, 2003; Han et al., 2009; Bhatta, 2010; Thapa and Murayama, 2011. Form Follows Function, Quantifying Urban Growth Pattern In Developing Countries Using Remote Sensing And Spatial Metrics.
[2]. (Lo, 2001; Lo and Yang, 2002; Weng, 2001;Cheng and Masser, 2003; Sudhira et al., 2004; Chabaeva et al., 2004; Jat et al., 2006).Statistical techniques along with remote sensing and GIS have been used in many urban sprawl studies.From fallows Urban growth and transport in Jeddah: Dynamic Modelling And Assessment.
[3]. Batty, M., and K.S. Kim, 1992. Form Follows Function: Reformulating Urban Population Density Functions, Urban Studies, 29:1043-1070.
[4]. Burchell, R. W.; and D. Listokin. 1995. Land, Infrastructure, Housing Costs and Fiscal Impacts Associated with Growth: The Literature on the Impacts of Sprawl vs. Managed Growth. Cambridge MA: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.
[5]. Jensen, J.R., and D.C. Cowen, 1999. Remote Sensing of UrbanlSuburban Infrastructure and Socio-Economic Attributes, Photogrammetric Engineering 9 Remote Sensing, 65(5):611-622