IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2017

Abstract: Psychological distress has become a serious issue with consequent negative outcomes on individuals and organisations. This study investigated the mediating roles of resilience and optimism between work demand and psychological distress among preschool pupils' caregivers in Ekiti State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. A sample of 605 caregivers was chosen through stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using: (i) Demographic Data Form, (ii) Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, (iii) Perceived Work Demand Scale, (iv) Connor-Davison Resilience Scale, and (v) Life Orientation Test Revised. Data were analyzed using Regression Analysis and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient with result tested for significant at .05 level. Findings revealed, among other things, that there is a significant positive relationship between psychological distress and resilience (r = .263; p <.001), but not between psychological distress and optimism (r = .010; p >.05) and psychological distress and work demand (r = .071; p >.05)...........

Key words:- Caregivers, Optimism, Psychological Distress, Resilience, Work Demand

[1] J. Mirowsky, and C. E. Ross, Selecting outcomes for the sociology of mental health: Issues of measurement and dimensionality. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 43, 2002, 152-170.
[2] D. Barlow, and V. Durand, Abnormal psychology: An integrative approach. (Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth, 2005). [3] B. Wheaton, The twain meets: distress, disorder and the continuing conundrum of categories (comment on Horwitz, Health (London, 11, 2007, 303-319. doi: 10.1177/1363459307077545
[4] P. C. Mofokeng, Job insecurity, general health and resilience of teachers in the Sedibeng West District. 2008, Retrieved 23rd June, 2016 from dspace.nwu.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10394/.../mofokeng_puleng_christinah_2008.pdf
[5] V. Yiengprugsawan, L. Leach, J. Berecki-Gisolf, H. Kendig, D. Harley, S. Seubsman, and A. C. Sleigh, Caregiving and mental health among workers: Longitudinal evidence from a large cohort of adults in Thailand. SSM - Population Health, 2, 2016, 149-154

Abstract: The observation homes, in Uttarakhand have a number of juvenile delinquents arrested under different types of crimes. A high school student aged 15 yrs belonging to a very simple family committed a violant crime but provocated by his own mother. In the day time his mother had a quarrel with her neighbour regarding a passage. She was so annoyed with the neighbour that when her son came from school she narrated the day's heated event and provoked her son to chop neighbour's head. The young sentimental child became so angered with revenge that without any pause brought a sharp weapon from inside the kitchen and repeatedly attacked the lady till she fell down and took her last breath. The news spread like a fire in the town. Police was called who arrested both mother and son to lock up. Everyone knew the boy was innocent but he committed a felonious crime just by obeying his mother.

Keywords: Violant crime,, feloney,observation home. juvenile delinquency

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[2] Carl McCurley and Howard N. Snyder 2004, Victims of Violent Juvenile Crime U.S Juvenile justice bulletin pp, 1-8
[3] Farrington, David P1986., "Age and Crime," in Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research, vol. 7, eds. Michael Tonry and Norval Morris, Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press,: 189-250
[4] Gaurav S.Khetwal**, Urmila Rawat and Chitra Khetwal 2009.Juvenile delinquency in Uttarakhand Part I A victim of situational crime .Journal of Social Sciences, 21(1) 79-81 2009.
[5] Heleen J. Janssen, Frank M. Weerman, Veroni I. Eichelsheim 2016 ,Parenting as a Protective Factor against Criminogenic Settings? Interaction Effects between Three Aspects of Parenting and Unstructured Socializing in Disordered Areas Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency;181–207.

Abstract: The present paper attempts to examine the quality of life in rural areas of Moradabad district and also analyse the block-wise spatial variation. The study is based on secondary source of data taken from the district handbook of Moradabad, 2011. For methodological purpose Z- Score technique has been applied and cartographical representations have been made through ArcView (3.2) in order to show the level of availability of amenities like education, medical facilities, drinking water, bank services and power supply. On the basis of Composite score value of these five amenities, we measured the quality of life of the different blocks of the district. The results from the study shows that three blocks namely, Moradabad, Bhagatpur Tanda and Kundarki Dingpur represent the region of high level of the quality of life. Nearly seventy percent of the blocks of the district come under medium category of quality of life.........

Keywords - Quality of Life, Education, Power supply, medical facilities, drinking water, bank facilities and Moradabad District..

[1]. Alkire, S. (2005), 'Why the Capability Approach? Journal of Human Development, Vol. 6 (1). Pp. 115-133.
[2]. Boncinelli, F. & Casini, L. (2014), A Comparison of the Well-Being of Agricultural and Non Agricultural Households Using a Multicriterial Approach, Social Indicators Research, pp.183–195.
[3]. Blanchflower, D.G. & Oswald, A.J. (1996), The Wage Curve, Cambridge MA: MIT Press.
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[5]. Dreze, I. and Murthi, M. (2001). Fertility, education and development: evidence from India. Population and Development Review, Vol. 27, No.1, pp. 33-63.

Abstract: The core focus of this research will discuss about the perception of teacher's leadership characteristics in moral-spiritual aspect. This study was conducted in three elementary schools that had the characteristics of teacher about moral-spiritual leadership. The conclusion of this research is: (1) teacher's perception about teacher's moral-spiritual leadership is a must-have for every teacher, secondly that principal's perception about moral-spiritual leadership of teacher is expected by all teachers because it will influence the character formation of learners, has leadership characteristics as a religious, honest, trustworthy, sincere, and disciplined person, and the four teachers possess the intelligent leadership characteristics of SQ and EQ, thus able to manage learners well in character formation.

Key words: Characteristics, Moral-Spiritual Leadership, Teachers

[1] Burke, R. Leadership and spirituality. PAGE 14 foresight VOL. 8 NO. 6 2006, pp. 14-25, Q Emerald Group Publishing Limited, ISSN 1463-6689 DOI 10.1108/14636680610712504.
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[3] Tobroni. Spiritual leadership: a solution of the leadership crisis in islamic education in Indonesia. British Journal of Education. Vol.3, No.11, pp. 40-53, November 2015. Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org). ISSN 2055-0219(Print), ISSN 2055-0227(online).
[4] Ulfatin, N. Metode penelitian kualitatif di bidang pendidikan. (Malang: Bayumedia Publising, 2013).
[5] Hughes, dkk. Leadership: memperkaya pelajaran dari pengalaman. Edisi 7. Penerjemah: Putri Iva Izzati. (Jakarta: Salemba Humanika, 2012).

Abstract: Electric bicycle has gradually become one of the main tools for people traveling because of the convenience, environmental protection, flexible mobility and low cost. Public travel distance and frequency gradually increases and the people's income level is still not very rich. Then, in the background, the electric bicycle better solves the problem of travelling especially for low-income groups. With the development of electric bicycle, negative influences have brought into urban traffic system such as illegal traffic behaviors, confused traffic order and serious traffic accidents. How to implement effective management of electric bicycle, and can better serve the people's travel service, which is a problem to be solved urgently. Through the analysis of the electric bicycle situation in Huai'an, two aspects of measures are proposed to improve the management level of electric bicycle. First, countermeasures to solve.........

Keywords - urban traffic, electric bicycle，traffic simulation，traffic control and design

[1]. Cao, Y., Z. Z. Zhong, and Z. Y. Zuo (2015). Influence of Countdown Signal of Green Light on Driving Behavior. China Safety Science Journal, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 77-82.
[2]. Du, W. H. (2010). The Dynamic Characteristics and Crash Safety Investigation of Electric Bicycle in Driver Vehicle Road Environment. PhD Dissertation, Department of Management, Tianjin University.
[3]. Jiang, G. Q. (2000). European Market for Electric Bicycles, China Bicycle, No. 12, pp. 37-38.
[4]. Mao, L., X. M. Yang, and Z. D. Ma (2006). Electric Bicycle Travel Characteristics Analysis. Electric Bicycle, No. 1, pp. 34-36.
[5]. Shi, C. P. (2008). Analysis on Electric Bicycles Current Traffic Situation and Counter Measures. Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 772-775.

Abstract: Today voluntary organisations are playing an active role in almost every conceivable field of human interest. Their contribution to the welfare and development of a society is undoubtedly remarkable. By fostering a sense of solidarity among its members, a voluntary organisation provides an opportunity to serve ones fellows and the society at large without being motivated by profit. They work on philanthropy, spiritual and altruistic principles. Along with their immense contribution in diverse field such as education, relief, rehabilitation etc, the role of voluntary organisations in human development by improving our health system cannot be ignored The study focuses on the role played by voluntary organisations in India and by the Ramakrishna Mission as a voluntary organisation in particular. It also highlights the activities of Ramakrishna Mission relating to health in Shillong with emphasis on its charitable dispensary and its mobile medical unit.

Keywords: Dispensary , Health Sector, Medical, Ramakrishna Mission , Voluntary organisation

[1]. Anheier, Helmut and Regina List.2005. A Dictionary of Civil Society, Philanthropy and the Non – Profit Sector. London: Routledge.
[2]. Activities of the Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission. http://vivekanandaarchive .org/mobile/monastic_order_detail.php?id=2 (accessed on 19th July 2016).
[3]. Activities of Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission, http: //www .Belurmath .org / activities.htm#Medical ( accessed on 30th July 2016)
[4]. Atmapriyananda, Swami. 2010. Ramakrishna Mission - A Saga of Service for a hundred years and more.Kolkata.: Belur Math.
[5]. Atmapriyananda, Swami. 2010. Ramakrishna Mission- Foundation Day Commemoration (Volume-I). Kolkata: Belur Math

Abstract: Teacher make the student to understand how every body get influenced, moulded to confirm to a pattern, teacher perceptions must be to help students to be free of every kind of influence student need not to be told what is right action but to have capacity and drive to see the false and true that is teacher's concern is prematurity to cultivate their intelligence so that they can meet life with all its complexity with intelligently. Teacher sees this not as goal but as an immediate reality. Everybody knows that student get influenced by their parents , by their fellow students and by the world around them. Young people are easily influenced. They may rebel against it but consciously or unconsciously there is pressure and strain of this pressure. Teacher must be both introvert and extrovert,............

Keywords: Teacher, Student, True-Education, Complexity, Personality and self.

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Abstract: The Principle of Non refoulement is the right granted by the 1951 Geneva Convention to refugees not to be returned to where they fear persecution having escaped to another state. This paper explains the importance of the this right to refugee movement across states' borders. this work takes cognizant of the restrictive intention of the principle whereas it is of utility also to wider international protection laws, non-specific to refugees. The actual totem of this work is to establish a scope for the principle in a clear awareness that it has a customary law status and usefulness to all humans who deserve protection and not just refugees.

Keywords: Refugee, Refugee Law, Non-Refoulement, Scope

[1]. Allain, J.(2001). 'The Jus cogens nature of non-refoulement'. 13 IJRL 533
[2]. Arboleda, E., (1991).Refugee definition in Africa and Latin America: The lessons of pragmatism,' 3 IJRL
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Abstract: Realities of Sex and sexuality show that this is a subject that has been talked about in harsh tones, especially in some greater parts of African communities. Having or not having sex, sex is a term that is well known, yet it has been given very little attention when it comes to serious public discussions and debates. One of the reasons being that it is still rather a taboo, in African traditional and modern communities, alike, to publicly discuss sex related topics since they are loosely connected to genitalia or bedroom activity. While sexuality, as a term that generally defines capacity for sexual feelings, includes those body parts not commonly discussed, it has to be known that, the term is constitutive of all which define who we are, in terms of the way we behave and/or react like: speak, smile, laugh..............

Keywords: - Cultural beliefs, Culture, Disability, Exclusion, Hand job, Impairment(s), Inclusion, Myth(s), Sex, Sexuality

[1]. Apfelbaum, B. (1989). Principles and Practice of Sex Therapy (2nd Ed), S. R. Lieblum & L.A. Pervin (Eds), Guilford Press: New York.
[2]. Arnot, M. and Weiner, G. (1987). Gender under Scrutiny. London: Hutchinson.
[3]. Barron, R.D. and Norris, G.M. (1998). Sexuality Divisions and the Dual Labour Market. London: Macmillan.
[4]. Bernard, J. (2005). The Future of Marriage. Harmondworth: Penguin.
[5]. Chakuchichi, D.D., Mapepa, P. and Mutasa, J. (2010). Life Skills and Support Services for People with Disabilities. Zimbabwe Open University. Module MSE 505. Harare: ZOU

Abstract: The paper focuses on leadership and human resources development with particular reference to Nigeria Apex Bank. The study objective is to determine the relationship between leadership style and human resource development as well as the attainment of organizational goals. The methodology implied in this study is systematic random sampling technique. Three branches of CBN was purposely selected i.e. Abuja, Lagos and Enugu. 180 questionnaires were distributed and 150 were filled and returned. The study observes that there are significant relationships between leadership styles and human resource development as well as staff performances and attainment of organizational goals. The study however recommends that for organizations to thrive in this globalized and competitive society,............

Keywords: Leadership, Development, Human resources, Society, Efficient

[1]. Akerele, J.U. (1980). Management: an over view, Ibadan: Winners press limited.
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Abstract: Nigeria is one of the largest oil and gas producers in the world. These minerals and other resources have put Nigeria in a position of a wealthy nation. Yet Nigeria is one of the poorest nations in the world today because majority of the population (69.1%) still live in abject poverty (UN, 2011)[1]. Although several ideas, plans, programmes and strategies have been domestically generated to address the scourge; but the persistence of poverty in large scale shows ineffective in government interventionist measures. In an attempt to deal with the problem of poverty, Nigeria as a member of the United Nations signed on to the implementation of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which also seeks to eradicate extreme hunger and poverty by 2015. This led to the formulation of the National Economic Empowerment............

Keywords: Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), NEEDS, Poverty reduction

[1] UN, The millennium development goals report 2011 (New York, 2011). Retrieved from: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/(2011_E)%20MDG%20Report%202011_Book%20LR.pdf, accessed: 4 June, 2015.

[2] T. Edoh, Poverty and the survival of democracy in Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Political and Administrative Studies, 1(4). 2003.

[3] M. Kankwanda, Poverty Eradication: Where Africa Stands (London: Economica, 2002).

[4] A. A. Mahammed, Reflections on the victory and crisis of democracy, in Saliu, et al (Eds), Democracy and development (University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2006).

[5] World Bank, Yearly gazette (Abuja Central Bank of Nigeria, 2004)..

Abstract: The aspect of digital journalism on news access and choice has not received proper empirical research. The question whether digital journalism gratifications influencenews access and choice is an area that requires additional research.This study sought to explore the extent to which digital journalism audiences' gratification has influenced news access and choice among university students in Kenya.The study was carried out in four selected Universities. The study employed descriptive research design. The target population of the study was 64,497. Purposive sampling was used to sample the universities. Random sampling was used to sample 384 respondents from the sampled universities. Data was collected using questionnaire. The data gathered was analyzed using descriptive statistics using statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 17.0. Frequencies and percentages were used for analysis..............

Keywords: - Digital Journalism, Influence, Gratification, Multimedia

[1] Anderson, C. (2006). The long tail: Why the future of business is selling less of more. New York, NY: Hyperion.
[2] Cottle, S. & Ashton, M. (1999). From BBC newsroom to BBC newscentre: On changing technology and journalist practices. Convergence, 5: 22–43.
[3] Chyi, H. I. (2009). Information surplus in the digital age.Journalism and citizenship: New agendas in communication, 1, p91-107.
[4] Deuze, M. (2004) 'What is Multimedia Journalism?', Journalism Studies 5(2).

[5] Deuze, M. (1999).Journalism and the Web an analysis of skills and standards in an Online Environment. International Communication Gazette.

Abstract: Religion has always been part and parcel of every society. It has witnessed many reforms within and from outside. The notion is also applicable in the context of Kashmir. Historically speaking, Kashmir has been abode of many cultures and faiths incorporating in it the syncretic religious tendencies. Kashmir, which was predominantly a Hindu society in the twelfth century, became a Muslim majority region by the turn of sixteenth century as a result of missionary work done by Sufis and local Rishis. Despite mass conversion of Kashmiris to Islam, many pre-Islamic practices continued among the Muslims of Kashmir. As a result, Islamic reform movements took their inception in an organized way from the beginning of twentieth century. In the midst of these reform movements Jama'at-i-Islami in Kashmir was a departure rather than continuation from..............

Keywords: - Jama'at-i-Islami, Religion, Political Islam, Contestation, Reform

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Abstract: Land is not only the source of livelihood, subsistence and survival but it is also a precondition for a just, democratic and socially, politically and economically inclusive society. It is very much associated with the citizenship rights which give a sense of belongingness, equality, and freedom. It is also important to address the question of massive inequality, poverty, hunger and exclusion from every sphere of life. Proper food and homestead are also fundamental to our life as it falls within the realm of natural rights. These are the very first things which a living being needs. Not only the human being, even animals require secure shelter and food for their survival. Yet, we have today a situation in the country where a large number of people do not have access to proper food and shelter. Because right over the land is the source of these fundamental requirements, every human being should have the freedom and ability to obtain it............

Keywords: -land productivity, land Reforms, equitable distribution, Zamindari, Rayat, Exploitation, Ceiling, Consolidation, Abolition , Bhoodan, Semi-Bondedness etc.

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