IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug-2017

Abstract: In Indian politics Panchayati Raj institutions have the responsibility to give good governance in rural areas. Representation of women in Panchayts is as an effect of 73rd Constitutional Amendment which advocates for one-third to 50 per cent of the seats to women members in Gram Panchayat. It was a historical decision in different initiatives of women empowerment through political means because the socio-economic status of women in patriarchal society of India is still disheartening .On April 24, 1993 Panchayati Raj was inaugurated, after the 73rd Amendment Act came into force it has been an uncertain and rolling journey for Panchayats. If the overall scenario of Panchayats was largely despairing, another disquieting aspect is that almost one half of rural population (women) was virtually kept out of Panchayat arena. In the traditional Caste Panchayats, Village Panchayats and in the British Scheme of local governments women remained entirely excluded.

[1]. Baviskar, B.S. (2003): Impact of women's participation in local governance in rural India, Paper presented at the Rural Network Conference, Inverness.
[2]. Bhatt, Sanjai. (2004), 4ws (Water, Work, Waste and Women) Component in Development Paradigm: Relooking at Social Work Education In 21st Century, Paper presented at: Global Social Work Congress, Adelaide, Australia. Hust, Evelin. (2004).
[3]. Kelkar, G. and D. Nathan and P.Walter. 2003. Gender Relations in Forest Societies in Asia. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
[4]. Kumar Satyam, Volume1, Issue 4, November 2013, Study of Elected Tribal Women Representatives in Panchayati Raj Institutions in India: A Case of Jharkhand Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies.
[5]. Omvedt, Gail, (2005) Women in governance in South Asia, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 40, no. 44 – 45, October 29 – 4 November, pp. 4746–4753

Abstract: To be or not to be? Still echoesin our minds when we talk or discuss any issues in our life. This question still passed over the lips of countless people and we must thank Shakespeare, whose reach is so extensive that he gave us such tagline. Shakespeare's words are emotional, hilarious, and pithy and they reflect the 'text of modern life'. It is really important for the scholars of English literature to retain studies of Shakespeare because it has strongly connected to modern and classical literature and life. The betrayal we are seeing and facing in Post Modern Age is well reflected in Julius Caesar.The more we see Shakespeare's word , the more we discover that time in our culture is already disseminated, scattered, appropriated, part of the cultural language, high and low. Shakespeare's 450th birthday...........

[1]. Barnet, Sylvan. Shakespeare: An Overview. Richard III. By William Shakespeare. 1597. Ed. Mark Eccles. New York, London, Victoria, Toronto: Signet Classic. 1998.
[2]. Shakespeare, William. Richard III. 1597. Ed. Mark Eccles. New York, London, Victoria, Toronto: Signet Classic. 1998.
[3]. Faber, M.D. (Ed.). (1970). The design within: Psychoanalytic approaches to Shakespeare. New York: Science House.
[4]. Freud, Sigmund. (1900a). The interpretation of dreams. Part I. SE, 4: 1-338; The interpretation of dreams. Part II. SE, 5: 339-625.
[5]. Chute, Marchette. Stories from Shakespeare. New York: World Publishing Company, 1956.
[6]. Levin, Bernard. Quoted in The Story of English.Robert McCrum, William Cran and Robert MacNeil. Viking: 1986).

Abstract: This research is focused on analyzing transformational and transactional leadership style, trust, self efficacy and teamwork at PT Bank BNI Syariah Kediri Branch. Referring to the transformational and transactional leadership, the researcher wanted to see the influence between the transformational and transactional leadership style, on the belief, self efficacy and teamwork that existed on the body of the organization of PT. Bank BNI Syariah Branch Kediri.

KEY WORDS: Leadership style, self efficacy, teamwork.

[1]. Avolio, B.J. & Bass, B.M. (1994). Individual Consideration Viewed at Multiple Levels of Analysis: A Multilevel Framwork for Examining Te Diffusion of Transformational Leadership.Journal of Leadership Quarterly.6 (2), 199-218.
[2]. Hasibuan, Malayu S. P. 2008. Human Resource Management. Jakarta: PT. Earth Script.

[3]. Dirks, K.T. and (2000). Trust in Leadership and Team Performance: Evidence From NCAA Basketball. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 85, No. 6, 1004-1012

[4]. Thoha, M. 2010. Leadership and management. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers

[5]. Sugiyono, 2013. Business Research Methods. Alfabeta. Bandung

Abstract: Indian Classical Music has its roots in the Vedas, which were chanted to the accompaniment of musical instruments. The place around the sacrificial fire can be considered as the first performance space............

Keywords: Indian Classical Music, Performance Spaces, Playhouses, Royal Patronage, Temples

[1]. Ghosh, Manomohan (Ed. and Trans.), Natyashastra: volume 1 (Varanasi: Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, 2012).
[2]. Satyavati, T.S., Geetavinoda, in Mallepuram G.Venkatesh (Ed.), Manasollasa,4 (Bangalore:Daresa Publications, 2015) 26-136.
[3]. Vijaylakshmi, M, An Analytical Study of Sangitasamayasara of Sri Parsvadeva (Delhi:Raj Publications, 2011).
[4]. Adelman-Larsen, N.W., Rock and Pop Venues (Berlin:Springer, 2014)

Abstract: This research demonstrated the impact of imprisonment on families of prisoners imprisoned in the central prison of Dharwad in Karnataka state. In the present study it has been revealed that the families of prisoners are a highly vulnerable group. The prisoners involved in long-term crime were having much younger relatives as compared to those involved in short-term crime. And for both long-term prisoners and short-term prisoners it was always a female, either wife or mother, staying in touch and waiting for their return, as most of the prisoners were sole breadwinners resulting in the financial crippling of the family. Long-term prisoners were mostly from a local background of agriculture, poverty and illiteracy...........

Keywords: Incarceration, Prisoners, Family, Social, Economic

[1]. Codd, H. (2008). In the Shadow of Prison: Families, Imprisonment and Criminal Justice. Willan, Cullompton, Devon.
[2]. Houchin, R. (2005). Social exclusion and imprisonment in Scotland. Glasgow: Glasgow Caledonian University.
[3]. Johnson, E., Waldfogel, J. (2002). Parental incarceration: Recent trends and implications for child welfare. Social Services Review, 76 (3), 460-479.
[4]. Salmon, S. (2007). Memorandum submitted by Action for Prisoners' Families. Selected Committee on Home Affairs. Written evidence, June 2007. http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/cmselect/cmconst/467/467we02.ht m.
[5]. Johnston, D. (1995). Parent-child visits in jails. Children's Environments, 12, 25-38.

Abstract: This paper focuses present business involvement of the Muslim women in few business sectors which are questionable in Islam and justification of such engagement in the light of the Holy Quran. Ongoing business practices associating the Muslim women have been depicted as the empirical evidence based on the qualitative research method. It is apparent that some business activities, for instance, modeling, advertising, singing, dancing, beauty completions, serving wine, acting; engagement in interest based social business or micro credit, being item girls in sports and cinema are prohibited..........

Key words: Business; Islam; The Noble Quran; Muslim women; Sharia; Career

[1]. Ambert, A., Adler, P.A., Adler, P., and Detzner, D.F. (1995). Understanding and Evaluating Qualitative research. Journal of Marriage and Family, 57(4): 879-893.
[2]. Bhatta Chajjee, D. (1970). Introduction to Business, 5th edition, life publishers, Dhaka.
[3]. Bogdan, R. C and Biklen, S. N. (2003). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theories and Methods. 4th edition. Pearson. Harlow.
[4]. Bryman, A. (2008). Social research methods. 3rd edition. Oxford university press; New York.USA.
[5]. Bryman, A. (2004). Social research methods. 2nd edition. Oxford university press; New York. USA

Abstract: Gold is one of the mineral wealth that nature has deposited for mankind beneath the earth. Its significance is recognized and respected by all generations and every society, be it primordial or industrialized. The working of gold is a herculean task but, a minute find can easily change ones social strata in the society. Gold mining have played very significant role in the development of settlements, empires and kingdoms by attracting population and enhancement of the economy. This paper sheds light on the history of gold mining in Minna during the colonial years and the post-colonial era; it specifically try to explain how gold mining in the area contributed to the historical development of Minna town............

KEY WORDS: Gold, Mining, historical, development, Minna town.

[1]. Abdulrahman Gara an elder statesman aged seventy five Interviewed 6/5/2017 Abuja, University of Abuja, 2013, P.47
[2]. Baba Na ta a la interviewed at his residence in Minna Town on 12/11/2017
[3]. Bawa M.M. Ahmadu Bahago the First Emir of Minna, 1918-1987, M.A. Thesis Abuja, University of Abuja, 2004
[4]. Blas, J. 2011 wild week as gold touches record before plunging, financial times 26 August
[5]. Coquery-Vidrovitch. C. 2005. The History of African Cities south of Sahara. Princeton, NJ: Markus Weiner Publishers

Abstract: The need for this land continues to increase due to indefinitely nature, while on the other hand the availability of land is definite. Type of the research is a normative research, as a study that examines the positive provisions, legal principles and legal doctrine so that it can deal the issue. The results show that the essence of arrangement against the protection of the indigenous peoples right is animates the philosophical foundations of a nation, where the existence of such indigenous peoples is given authority and legitimacy. The implementation of arrangement against the indigenous peoples' rights should synchronize and harmonize various policies by pay attention to the indigenous peoples' right regard to cultural aspects..............

KEY WORDS: Constitutional Rights, Indigenous Peoples, Special Autonomy, Papua

[1]. Arif Budiman, 1996, Fungsi Tanah dan Kapitalis, Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
[2]. Bachrul Amiq, Aspek Hukum Pengawasan Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah: Dalam Perspektif Penyelenggara Pemerintahan yang Bersih. LaksBang PRESSindo, Yogyakarta, 2010. [3]. Karianga, H. (2016). New Paradigm for Local Financial Management: A Review of Local Budgeting System. Hasanuddin Law Review, 2(3), 398-408. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/halrev.v2i3.700
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[5]. Purnomo, H. Era Baru Kebijakan Fiskal. Jakarta: PT Kompas Media Nusantara, 2009

Abstract: Ridicule is the kind of humor that is intended to mock or deride others. This humour has been around since ancient times and developed in various cultures. However, the response to this type of humor is different. There was the argument said that ridicule includes humour and some said that ridicule was not the humour. Likewise, there were opinions that prohibited using ridicule and some that allowed it. However, some said that ridicule has several very important functions. This paper aims to explore the form and content of ridicule in Indonesia. From the observation, it was found that ridicule in Indonesian humor, there was a direct ridicule and there was in the form of satire, but the words of ridicule were not too coarse or indecent. The Function of ridicule in Indonesia, there was a form of social criticism and there was also a form of entertainment. Techniques used were assortment and all was relatively amusing.

Key words: Culture, humor, Indonesia, ridicule.

[1]. Anderson, Phillips-, Michael Andrew, (2008), A Theory of Rethorical Humor in American Political Discourse, Ann Arbor: ProQuest Information and Learning Company
[2]. Berk, Ronald A, (2002), Humor as an Intructional Defibrillator, Virginia: Stylus Publishing LLC
[3]. Chittister, Joan, (2011), Song of The Heart, New London: Twenty Third Publication.
[4]. Dewa, Y. Putra, (2005), Humor SMS XX, Jakarta: Kombat Publishers
[5]. Dianawati, Ajen, (2007), SMS Humor Junior, Jakarta: Wahyu Media

Abstract: The decline of Muslim is not only detrimental to Muslims themselves but also entirely to this world. There are some disadvantages of the Islamic world on the progress of Western civilization, namely: the absence of a religious sense in practical life.The loss of sensitivity of heart and compassion, becoming stale flavor of the diversity and spirit of the search on Ilahi. Dominance of materialism, materialism, worldliness in other aspects of life, even in aspects spiritual and moral collapse.

Key words: Thought; Deterioration; Caliph; Islam.

[1]. Abdussalām Sa'īd al-Azharī, al-Imām Abū al-Ḥasan an-Nadwī wa Manhajihi fī al Fiqr, Damaskus: Dār al-Fikr, cet. Ke-1,1428H/ 2007M.
[2]. Alī ibn Ismā'īl al-Asy'ari, Abū al-Ḥasan, Maqālāt al-Islāmiyyin wa Ikhtilāf al Muṣallin, Kairo: al- Nahdah al-Miṣriyah, 1950 M.
[3]. A Nasir, Sahilun, Pengantar Ilmu Kalam, Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 1994.
[4]. Hanafi, Pengantar Theology Islam, Jakarta: Jayamurni, 1974.
[5]. H.A. R. Tilaar, Perubahan Sosial dan Pendidikan, Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta, 2012.

Abstract: Foreign remittance plays an important role in the socio economic development of the country. Foreign remittances have positive impact on foreign exchange reserve, imports cost and per capita income. To main purpose of the study is to analyze the usage pattern of remittances by the remittance recipients. Two hundred remittance recipient families have been chosen conveniently from Sylhet region. The survey revealed that absolute amount of remittance varied between Tk. 0.02 million to 15 million and on average it is Tk. 0.5 million. The largest part (25.6%) of remittance is using for consumption purposes as regular source of income. It reduces poverty of the remittance recipients through catering the regular needs...............

[1]. Azam, M., Haseeb, M., & Samsudin, S. (2016). The impact of foreign remittances on poverty alleviation: Global evidence, Economics and Sociology 9(1), 264-281. doi: 10.14254/2071-789X.2016/9-1/18
[2]. Biyase, Mduduzi (2012, September). The relationship between poverty and remittances in South Africa. Paper presented at the conference on Strategies to Overcome Poverty & Inequality, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
[3]. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (2010). Report of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey. Ministry of Planning, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.
[4]. Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, Ministry of Planning, Economic Advisory Wing, Economic Division (2014). Bangladesh Economic Review
[5]. Akter, Shirin (2016, March). Remittance Inflows and Its Contribution to the Economic Growth of Bangladesh. Modern Society Culture Research 62, 215-245.

Abstract: Life associative reinforce the social tie of the social actors and encourage the solidarity of the members of the association in order to reach their objective. In Walungu the inequality of which endures the women and the violations of their fundamental rights stay major obstacles to the development, to the democracy and to the peace. The reasons of this inequality meet in two main axes, to know the weak knowledge of the rights and capacities how to claim them on the one hand and on the other hand the weak access and control of resources, for example the economic resources, policies, temporal. Among the reasons of identification of thesis violence, one can mention the socioeconomic vulnerability of................

Key words: Action Collective.

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contre les femmes et les filles au sud Kivu (1996 - 2003).
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l'ouest et du centre, 2004
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[4]. Lin Nan. Les ressources sociales : une théorie du capital social. In: Revue française de sociologie, 1995, 36-4. Analyses de réseaux
et structures relationnelles. Etudes réunies et présentées par Emmanuel Lazega. pp. 685-704.
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Abstract: Present paper gives an account of mendh craft which is almost on the verge of extinction. Information for documentation of craft was collected by field survey and through observation techniques. Sample size was 30. Respondents were selected by purposive sampling method. An interview schedule was prepared to collect data. Result is presented in frequency and percentage.

Key words:Colour, mendh printing, motifs, naturaldye.

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[5]. S.D. Naik, D and V.J. Vastard, Protection and revival of traditional hand embroidery, Kasutiby automation, Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 7(1), 2008 , 197-2 03.