IOSR-JHSS   Volume-27 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2022

Abstract: This study explores the use of Parak customary sanctions in the Central Aceh District under Gayo Customary Law. This study employs a descriptive-analytical empirical juridical method. Two sub-districts in Central Aceh Regency were chosen for the study. The study's findings indicate that Parak customary sanctions have been commonly used in two subdistricts of the Central Aceh Regency due to the absence of standard rules. Since customary law is a living document that changes with the times, the traditional Parak punishments or customary fines meted out to violators of Satu Belah weddings differ per community. Parak customary sanctions are administered by a local customary government agency known as "Sarak Opat."

KEYWORDS: Customary Law; Marriage; Satu Belah; Parak.

[1]. Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Kabupaten Aceh Tengah Dalam Angka. Badan Pusat Statistik, 2020.
[2]. Snouck Hugronje dalam Nico Ngani. Perkembangan Hukum Customary Indonesia. Pustaka Setia, 2012.
[3]. Faridah Jalil. (2013). Peranan 'Hukum' Dalam Menjaga 'Hukum Customary' Untuk Kesatuan Masyarakat. Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 01(61), 1-2.
[4]. Pasal 1 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan.
[5]. Hakim Aman Pinan. Daur Hidup Gayo, Arahan Customary Kelahiran, Khitanan, Pendidikan, Perkawinan. Orsat Aceh Tengah: Ikatan Cendikiawan Muslim Indonesia, 1998

Abstract : Background: The study object in the current investigation is to analyze the communication and information for the prevention of HIV/AIDS and its incorporation to improve youth's life quality starting by identify under the contextual elements in which these interact and how they influence over their life quality; that way the relationship between its cultural practices and the identification of the social representations that they have over sexuality and the sexual transmitted diseases like HIV/AIDS. Materials and Methods: This research is methodologically based on a mixed approach, starting from carrying out the analysis of the interaction from the qualitative method with categories to posterior, through the discussion groups as a research technique and moving from the qualitative.......

Key Word: Communication; Qualitative Methodology; Discussion Groups; Quantitative Methodology; Investigation Techniques

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Abstract : The main Objective of this study is to unearth the history of the major and sub-clans of the Oromo of Gumma kingdom. In this study the research employed both the primary (oral sources mainly) and secondary sources and different data gathering instruments. The result shows that, the Oromo of Gumma, during their expansion into the present areas the area was inhabited by the pre-Oromo communities, Kafecho and Ennarya were the most known. The settlement pattern of the Oromo of Gumma was the earlier one to be settled in the Gibe region. Again, there were different tribes, clans and sub-clans of Maccaa inhabited in Gumma. Adami and Dagoye are among the major tribes and the remaining are........

Key word: Gumma Oromo, Clans, Sub-clans, pre-Oromo inhabited and assimilation

Manuscripts
[1]. Seenaa Aanaa Gummay (2003).Its translation A History of Gummay Distrct: A Manuscript found at the Culture and Tourism of Gumay District.
Theses and Dissertations
[2]. Deressa Bayisa (2013) ''Historical Survey of the Guumaa Oromo Kingdom, Ca.1800-1880s'', MAThesis, Jimma University, History
[3]. Deressa Debu (2008)'' Agro-Ecological History of Omo Nada, '' MA Thesis AAU History,
[4]. Guluma Gamed (1984)''Gomma and Limmu; The Process of State formation among the Oromo of the Gibe Region Ca.1750-1889,'' MA Thesis AAU, History
Published Documents
Journals, Proceedings and Books
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Abstract : Following the recommendations of international organisations, from the 1980s to the 2000s, the state of Côte d'Ivoire embarked on projects to restructure the precarious neighbourhoods of Abidjan, including the Grand Campement in the east of the town. This restructuring, which began in 2002, has contributed to changing the image of the housing in this neighbourhood, thus enabling it to acquire a formal status. The objective of this research is to analyse the housing profile in a former precarious neighbourhood of Abidjan, with the Grand Campement neighbourhood of Koumassi as the experimental field.
The methodological approach was based on documentary research, direct observation of the neighbourhood and interviews with resource persons.......

Keywords: Abidjan, habitat, housing, Grand campement

[1]. ATTA Koffi, KONE Moussa et Kra Kouadio Joseph, 2015, « La nouvelle configuration de l'habitat des quartiers précaires d'Abidjan : Cas de Jean Folly, Zoé Bruno et Sagbé », European Scientific Journal, Edition vol.11, No.14, p.191-203.
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[3]. HEARINGER Philippe, 1979, Vingt-cinq ans de politique urbaine à Abidjan ou la tentation de l'urbanisme intégral. Orstom, Paris, 226p.
[4]. KONAN Kouamé Pascal et ACHO Eyimin Timothée Ferrand, 2020, « La restructuration d'un ancien quartier précaire et la nouvelle configuration de l'habitat : Zoe-Bruno (Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire) », Annales de l'Université de Bangui, série A, n° 13, déc.2020, www.credef-ub.org/
[5]. ONU-HABITAT, 2012, « Côte d'Ivoire : Profil urbain d'Abidjan », Programme des nations unies pour les établissements humains, 36p. Disponible sur https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/download-manager-files/Cote%20d%20Ivoire%20-%20Abidjan.pdf (consulté le 12 avril 2022).

Abstract : Public perception, particularly social studies on environmental impacts, is a critical factor in the smooth establishment and development of the base metal and precious metal processing industries. The purpose of this study is to investigate the public's perception of the establishment of the base metal and precious metal processing industries. The survey method was used in this study to collect information from respondents. Questions were asked either through interviews or through the distribution of questionnaires. The findings revealed that respondents tended to judge that the existence of the industry had a positive impact because it increased the rate of development......

Keywords: Environmental impact analysis, Community perception, Community involvement, Public consultation, Commission for environmental impact assessment, Potential environmental impact

[1]. Adam, A. M. (2021) 'A Study on Sample Size Determination in Survey Research', New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 4, pp. 125–134.
[2]. Administration, U. S. D. of L. & O. S. and H. (2020) 'Guidance on preparing workplaces for COVID-19', Saf Heal.
[3]. Cahyani, K. N. (2021) 'Environmental Impact Analysis in Indonesia Post-Job Creation Law: A Sociological Jurisprudence Approach', Journal of Law and Legal Reform, 2(3), pp. 439–448.
[4]. Campanale, C. et al. (2020) 'A detailed review study on potential effects of microplastics and additives of concern on human health', International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(4), p. 1212.
[5]. Carley, M. J. and Bustelo, E. S. (2019) Social impact assessment and monitoring: a guide to the literature. Routledge.

Abstract : Nowadays, university training under the academic credit system is a progressive training system with the basic philosophy of respecting learners, considering learners as student-centered. Its purpose focuses on the flexible training process in order to help learners freely select for themselves the way of learning that best suits with their ability and finance. According to the roadmap of the Ministry of Education and Training from 2010, all universities must switch to training under the academic credit system. The fact shows that this is the right policy, suitable, accompanying the development trend of higher education in the world. In order to successfully implement this policy, the management of universities needs have many innovations like renovating the management of student learning activities to suit the academic credit system......

Keywords: learning activities, the academic credit system, learning goals

[1]. Hartel, R. W., & Foegeding, E. A. (2004). Learning: Objectives, competencies, or outcomes? Journal of Food Science Education, 3(4), 69-70.
[2]. Lassonde, C. A., & Galman, S. (2019). Self-study research methodologies for teacher educators. BRILL.
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Abstract : Collaborative public management (CPM) and economic diversification are two policies that have gained unprecedented popularity in Nigeria over time but more under the Buhari administration. This paper interrogated the practicalities of both policies between 2015 and 2021. The underlining theoretical analysis was the tie-level theory propounded by Kilduff and Tsai in 2003, which upholds the principle of organizational networking. The secondary data that were derived by the study left no doubt about the existential reality of the policies in the economy. However, the effectiveness of the policies is undermined by feeble political will and commitment of the operators which has precipitated several impediments including the absence of business-friendly environment, poor sector choice and targets, low-level technology, low investor trust and confidence among others. It was concluded that a surgical operation on the two policies is necessary to actualize their ideals else they will remain a pipe-dream.

[1]. Abiola, A.G. & Adebayo, F.O. (2011). Towards a public-private partnership in the Nigerian power sector: Challenges and prospects. 4th Annual Nigerian Association for Energy Economics/International Association for Energy Economics (NAEE/IAEE) International Conference at Sheraton Hotel and Towers, Abuja, Nigeria, 27-29 April, 2011.
[2]. ADB (Asian Development Bank) (2012). Public-private partnership operational plan 2012- 2020. Realizing the vision for strategy 2020: The transformational role of public-private partnerships in Asian Development Bank operations. Mandaluyong City: Asian Development Bank.
[3]. Adewale, M., Danjuma, M. Akhaine, S. & Idris, A.B. (Reporter) (2021, September, 2). Massive loan default in North West Anchor Borrowers' Programme. Available: https://www.guardian.ng.
[4]. Agba, C. (Guest Discussant) (2022, January 12). Evaluating the economic sustainability plan (2020). Sunrise Daily, Channels Television.
[5]. Agranoff, R. & McGUIRE, M. (2003). Collaborative public management: New strategies for local governments. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.

Abstract : Synergyrefers to the interaction of elements, which when combined produce total effect that is greater than the sum of the individual elements(https://www.dictionary.com) while moralsynergy is for the good of human kind. The associated gains have a development multiplier effect into society in the form of jobs, higher disposable income, food security, marked local supply of raw materials into industry among others. The related gains are enjoyed by the wider economy. The central issue is often what is it that is broken, when fixed, enhances R-I synergy among developing economies like Zimbabwe? It becomes critical to analyze the interface persons, tools, skills and exposure so that resistance to......

[1]. Chen Hebert Hongbo (2014) [2]. Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education, Innovation, Science and Technology Development (2019) [3]. Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education, Science and Technology Development (2012) [4]. Cooper RG (1992) [5]. Rogers (1995 ) Diffusion [6]. Etzkowitz H, Leydesdorff L(2000) Triple Helix