IOSR-JHSS   Volume-28 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2023

Abstract: The question of Africa's development has been at the heart of the concerns of politicians, intellectuals and researchers, including philosophers, from independence to the present day. The aim of this article is to shed light on the ontological and historical dimensions of the development paradigm, and to identify and analyze the philosophical and historical factors associated with the absence of visible signs of development in African countries. To this end, a hermeneutical approach has been adopted to see how the Western metaphysical tradition has thought of the analogy between act and power, in short, the effectuation of the virtual in its relation to the concept of development...

Key Words: Consciousness of Negroidism, Culture, Development, Ontology, Paradigm, Philosophy.

[1]. Agbohou, N. (1999). The CFA Franc And The Euro Against Africa. Paris : Éditions Solidarité Mondiale A.S., P. 67.
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[3]. Aristote (2014). Metaphysics, Trad. (Ed. De 1953) De J. Tricot. Paris : Éditions Les Échos Du
[4]. Bessis, S. (2003). The West And The Others. History Of A Supremacy. Paris: La Découverte.
[5]. Cornelius, C. (1976). Reflections On Development And Rationality. Revue Esprit, 5. The Article Was Included In The Collective Work Published Under The Direction Of Candido

Abstract: Résumé La pression démographique en milieu urbain des pays en développement est très déterminante. Elle s'accompagne des graves problèmes que les migrants n'ont pas les moyens de lever. L'objectif poursuivi est de renseigner sur les origines et les causes de prolifération des bidonvilles, déduire les conséquences et raccorder les caractéristiques à ceux d'autres bidonvilles du monde. La méthodologie abordée consistait à l'interview, collecte des données ; test chi carré. Au total, 360 individus ont constitué l'univers de notre enquête. Au seuil de 95% et degré de liberté......

[1]. Damon Julien(2014) Un Monde De Bidonvilles, Migrations Et Urbanisme Informel. Collection La République Des Idées, Seuil, Paris, 120p.
[2]. ELICEIL PAUL(2002), Etudes Des Causes Et Conséquences Socio-Economique De L'expansion Des Bidonvilles Dans Le Quartier Appelé « La Saline », Mémoire.
[3]. Lewis Oscar (1978) «Les Enfants De Sanchez, Paris, Gallimard »
[4]. Lucien Wand'arhasiman M (2020), « Mouvement Des Paysans Et Leurs Impacts Sur La Bidonvilisation Da La Ville De Bukavu.
[5]. Saguo Mumbaï MC(2022) « Mutation Spatiales D'une Métropole En Expansion, Pointe L'urbanisation Comme Etant La Cause Principale A La Base De L'accroissement De Bidonvilles En Inde » Article

Abstract: This study aims to examine the influence of international tourism earnings on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Nepal. The research utilizes the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to analyze the relationship between tourism earnings and GDP over the period of 1987 to 2020. The analysis finds out that there is a long run cointegration in the data. The results of the study reveal that there is no short-term impact of tourism on GDP. This suggests that variations in tourism spending or receipts, even if they occur temporarily, do not result in significant.......

Keyword: GDP, ARDL, Cointegration, Unidirectional

[ Adnan Hye, Q. M., & Ali Khan, R. E. (2013). Tourism-Led Growth Hypothesis: A Case Study Of Pakistan. Asia Pacific Journal Of Tourism Research, 18(4), 303-313.
[2] Ali, G. U. L. Z. A. R. (2015). Gross Fixed Capital Formation & Economic Growth Of Pakistan. Journal Of Research In Humanities, Arts And Literature Applied, 1(2), 21-30.
[3] Balaguer, J., & Cantavella-Jorda, M. (2002). Tourism As A Long-Run Economic Growth Factor: The Spanish Case. Applied Economics, 34(7), 877-884.
[4] Bhattarai, B. P. (2009). Foreign Aid And Growth In Nepal: An Empirical Analysis. The Journal Of Developing Areas, 42(2), 283-302 [5].
Bhattarai, K., & Karmacharya, R. (2022). Impact Of Tourism On Economic Growth Of Nepal: Is Tourism-Led Growth Hypothesis Valid For Nepal? The Gaze: Journal Of Tourism And Hospitality, 13(1), 93-110.

Abstract: The internet has presented a significant challenge for females in terms of cyber security in the current era of digitization. The lack of computer and internet literacy among women further contributes to their vulnerability. Online abuse, instead of serving as a means of communication, has unfortunately become synonymous with violence and abuse against women and girls. Privacy infringement, illegal monitoring, cyber stalking, unauthorized data access, and retaliation are all becoming increasingly sophisticated within the IT industry. As Information and Communication Technology (ICT) continues to be widely used in society, a new form of crime, known as cybercrime.....

Keywords: Cyber Crime, Cyber Space, Women's

[1]. Crime In India Report (2020). National Crime Records Bureau, Ministry Of Home Affairs, Government Of India.
[2]. Deloitte Report (2022). Business Standard, Februrary. Retrieved From
Https://Www.Business-Standard.Com/Article/Current-Affairs/India-To-Have-1-Billion-Smartphone-Users-By-2026-Deloitte-Report-122022200996_1.Html Report On 16th September 2022.
[3]. Http://Www.Aiwc.Org.In/ (Private Group Of Women Assisting Other Less Fortunate Women To Fight The Crimes Committed Against Them)
[4]. Http://Www.Cybervictims.Org/(Private Group Of Legal Minded Individuals Who Help The Victims Of Cybercrimes).
[5]. Http://Www.Navjyoti.Org.In/ (NGO By Kiran Bedi, Assist Women In Several Aspects).

Abstract: Background: The increase in the elderly population is one of the most significant phenomena in recent times and is occurring in various countries around the world. This new demographic scenario has caused several changes in all sectors of society, demanding the creation of public policies aimed at this segment. In this context, this article addresses the phenomenon of aging as a personal right, as well as the issue of public policies and state guidelines implemented in Brazil for its realization. Materials and Methods: To this end, a bibliographical and documentary research was conducted, using the deductive method.......

Keyword: Rights of Personality; Aging; Elderly Person

[1]. Amaral, T. M. R., Melo, E. M.& Oliveira, G. L. (2015). Comparação Do Perfil De Idosos Ativos E Não Ativos Do Programa Bolsa Família. Revista Brasileira De Geriatria E Gerontologia, V.18, N.2, P. 351-360.
[2]. Barboza, H. H. (2020). O Princípio Do Melhor Interesse Da Pessoa Idosa: Efetividade E Desafios. In: Barletta, F. R. & Almeida, V. (Coords.). A Tutela Jurídica Da Pessoa Idosa: 15 Anos Do Estatuto Do Idoso. Indaiatuba, SP: Editora Foco, P. 03-20.
[3]. Barroso, L. R. (2013). A Dignidade Da Pessoa Humana No Direito Constitucional Contemporâneo. Belo Horizonte: Forum.
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Abstract: This research paper explores the connection between ancient Indian wisdom and business practices. The ancient Indian wisdom literature, including texts such as the Vedas, Upanishads, and Bhagavad Gita, emphasizes ethical conduct, self-realization, and the pursuit of knowledge. Ancient Indian business practices were governed by the concept of dharma, which promoted fair trade practices, mutual benefit, sustainability, and long-term relationships with customers. These principles are still relevant today and can be applied to modern business practices to promote ethical conduct, sustainability, and a sense of purpose beyond financial gain. Incorporating ancient Indian wisdom into modern business practices can lead to a more socially responsible and sustainable business environment.

[1]. "The Business Sutra: A Very Indian Approach To Management" By Devdutta Pattanaik
[2]. "Corporate Chanakya: Successful Management The Chanakya Way" By Radhakrishnan Pillai
[3]. "Leadership Wisdom From The Monk Who Sold His Ferrari" By Robin Sharma
[4]. "The Bhagavad Gita: A Walkthrough For Westerners" By Jack Hawley
[5]. "The Dharma Of Business: Commercial Law In Medieval India" By Donald R. Davis Jr.
[6]. "The Yoga Of Leadership: A Practical Guide To Health, Happiness, And Inspiring Total Team Engagement" By Tarra Mitchell

Abstract: The concept of ecological agriculture (also known as agroecology) in Vietnam is relatively new. The issue of ecological agriculture has started to receive attention and development in recent years. Due to its young and fragile nature, ecological agriculture still faces challenges such as fragmentation, lack of value chain linkages, and the absence of ecological agricultural cooperatives or farmer groups. Ecological agriculture products lack clear criteria for easy identification by the public, and the branding has not been certified. Therefore, in the coming time, it is essential to intensify the development of ecological agriculture and organize production along value chains with integrated solutions.

Keyword: Ecological agriculture, modern countryside, cultured farmers, agroecology

[1]. Đào Thế Anh (2022), "Ecological Agriculture, The 'Soul' Of Sustainable Agriculture," Vietnam Academy Of Agricultural Sciences, Https://Vaas.Vn/En/Focus-Comments/Ecological-Agriculture-The-Soul-Of-Sustainable-Agriculture.
[2]. Communist Party Of Vietnam (2008), "Resolution Of The 7th Central Committee Plenum (10th Term)," National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, Pp. 123-124.
[3]. Phúc Lộc (2022), "Agriculture - Challenges And Opportunities," Emagazine, Https://Nongnghiep.Vn/En/Agriculture-Challenges-And-Opportunities-D278865.Html.
[4]. Cao Đức Phát (2021), "Building Ecological Agriculture, Modern Countryside, And Enlightened Farmers, Period Until 2030, Vision Towards 2045," Central Theoretical Council Website, Https://Hdll.Vn/En/Research-Exchange/Building-Ecological-Agriculture-Modern-Countryside-Enlightened-Farmers-Period-Until-2030-Vision-Towards-2045.Html.
[5]. Proceedings Of The 13th National Party Congress, The Su That (Truth) National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2021, Vol. I, P. 124.

Abstract: Background: Fiscal federalism deals with sharing public competencies in equity with intragovernmental administrative, normative, and economic aspects. However, due to the divergences of provisions and attribution existing between the central and subnational instances of government and between geographic strata allocated in the same sphere, in Brazil, fiscal federalism is characterized by marked redistributive actions, marked as intergovernmental transfers. Within this context, this work aimed to highlight the relevance, configuration, and altercations of intergovernmental transfers.......

Keyword: Fiscal Federalism; Public Revenues; Intergovernmental Transfers

[1]. Brazil. Federal Law No. 4,320, Of March 17, 1964. Link: Http://Www.Planalto.Gov.Br/Ccivil_03/Leis/L4320.Htm.
[2]. Brazil. Federal Senate. Federal Constitution Of 1988. Link: Https://Www.Senado.Leg.Br/Atividade/Const/Con1988/Con1988_05.10.1988/Con1988.Asp.
[3]. Brazil. Transparency Portal - Ministry Of Transparency And Comptroller General Of The Union. Resources Transferred. Link: Https://Www.Transparencia.Gov.Br/Transferencias?Ano=2017.
[4]. Breamaeker, F. E. J. Evolution Of The Brazilian Municipal Framework In The Period Between 1980 And 2001. Rio De Janeiro, Brazilian Institute Of Municipal Administration, 2001.
[5]. Chizzotti, A. Research In The Humanities And Social Sciences. 5. Ed. São Paulo: Cortez, 2001