IOSR-JHSS   Volume-29 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2024

Abstract: Background: The Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV), the first human retrovirus discovered, is associated with oncogenesis and is subdivided into several groups, with types 1 and 2 being the most prevalent and clinically relevant. Its main forms of transmission include unprotected sexual intercourse, blood transfusions, tissue and organ transplants, as well as vertical transmission (mother to newborn). In Brazil, mandatory testing for HTLV was implemented in the 1990s for blood donations and transplants, and expanded in 2024 by Ordinance No. 3,148 of the Ministry.....

Keywords: Htlv-1\2; Structure; Diagnosis; Public Health.

[1] Andrade, Tarcísio Mattos; Dourado, Inês; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo. Associations Among Htlv-I, Htlv-Ii, And Hiv In Injecting Drug Users In Salvador, Brazil. Jaids Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, V. 18, N. 2, P. 186-187, 1998.
[2] Brasil. Ordinance Gm/Ms No. 3.148, Of February 6, 2024. Amends Annex 1 Of Annex V To The Ordinance Of Consolidation Gm/Ms No. 4, Of 2017, To Include Infection By The Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus - Htlv, Infection By Htlv In Pregnant Women, Parturients Or Postpartum Women, And Children Exposed To The Risk Of Vertical Transmission Of Htlv In The National List Of Compulsory Notification Of Diseases, Conditions, And Public Health Events In Public And Private Health Services Throughout The National Territory. Diário Oficial Da União, Brasília, February 7, 2024. Section 1, P. 57-58.
[3] Brasil. Ministry Of Health. Working Group On Htlv. Pamphlet Containing Basic Information About Htlv For Distribution In The Public Health Network. Brasília (Df): Ministry Of Health, 2021.
[4] Brasil. Ordinance No. 715, Of April 6, 2022. Amends The Ordinance Of Consolidation Gm/Ms No. 3, Of September 28, 2017, To Establish The Maternal And Child Care Network (Rami). Diário Oficial Da União: Section 1, Brasília, Df, 2022.
[5] Ishak, Ricardo Et Al. Epidemiological Aspects Of Htlv Retrovirus Infection Among Indigenous Populations In The Brazilian Amazon. Cadernos De Saúde Pública, V. 19, N. 4, P. 901-914, 2003

Abstract: This study aims to analyse the concept of endogenous technical progress and its implications for the development of emerging markets. The discussion focuses on the ability of developing countries to assimilate and adapt external technologies and the importance of building internal research and development capacities. The analysis examines the challenges these countries face in achieving sustainable technological autonomy and the impact of multinational companies on the technological evolution of local industries. The role of state intervention is explored as a crucial factor in overcoming the limitations imposed by international competition and fostering an environment conducive to technological innovation. The study highlights the need for integrated strategies, combining the adoption of......

Keyword: Endogenous technical progress; Emerging markets; Multinational companies; Research and development; State intervention

[1]. Cardoso, F. H., & Faletto, E. (1979). Dependency And Development In Latin America. University Of California Press.
[2]. Diéguez, H. L. (1985). Argentina, Australia And Brazil Before 1929. In D. C. M. Platt & G. Di Tella (Eds.), Argentina, Australia And Canada: Studies In Comparative Development 1870-1965. Palgrave Macmillan.
[3]. Erber, F. S., Araujo Jr., J. T., & Tauile, J. R. (1985). Restrições Externas, Tecnologia E Emprego: Uma Análise Do Caso Brasileiro (Texto Para Discussão Nº 76). Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro, Instituto De Economia Industrial.
[4]. Jorgenson, D. W., Christensen, L. R., & Cummings, D. (1980). Economic Growth, 1947-1973: An International Comparison. In J. W. Kendrick & B. Vaccara (Eds.), New Developments In Productivity Measurement And Analysis (Studies In Income And Wealth, Vol.41, Pp. 203-295). University Of Chicago Press.
[5]. Khan, S., & Jain, S. (2020). Digitalization In Auditing: Opportunities And Challenges. Journal Of Auditing, 55(2), 123-135

Abstract: Background: Digitalization has become a central element in the transformation of the educational sector, offering opportunities to enhance the participation of students and educators while making access to education more equitable. However, this transition also presents significant challenges that must be overcome to ensure that all students can benefit from digital technologies. Materials and Methods: This article investigates the research perspectives and applications in the field of digitalization in education, focusing......

Key Word: Digitalization; Education; Digital Technologies; Educational Policies.

[1]. Nunes, M. P., & Malagri, C. A. N. (2024). Digital Transformation In Hybrid Education: What Are We Doing In Latin America? Educação Em Revista, 40. Issn: 2236-5192. Https://Doi.Org/10.1590/0102-469848376.
[2]. Baxto, W., Amaro, R., & Mattar, J. (2019). Distance Education And The Open University Of Brazil: History, Structure, And Challenges. International Review Of Research In Open And Distributed Learning, 20, 99-115. Issn: 1492-3831.
Https://Doi.Org/10.19173/Irrodl.V20i4.4132.
[3]. Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, And Mixed Methods Approaches. (5th Ed.). Thousand Oaks, Ca: Sage Publications. Isbn 978-1506386706.
[4]. Gil, A. C. (2019). How To Develop Research Projects. (6th Ed.). São Paulo, Brazil: Atlas. Isbn 978-8597012613.
[5]. Bebbington, W. (2021). Leadership Strategies For A Higher Education Sector In Flux. Studies In Higher Education, 46(1), 158-165. Issn: 0307-5079. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1859686

Abstract: The struggle to create a life-affirming society intensifies as globalization expands, which can be seen from the 1970s, women all over the world were formulating ecological feminist response to environmental influence of "modernization" through the intersection between gender, feminism and environmental issues. Ecofeminism is at the intersection of women's rights, environmental issues and the various forms of oppression, such as those affecting marginalized......

Keywords: ecofeminism; Biancheng; translation study; comparative study; nature

[1] Caldecott, Leonie, And Stephanie Leland, Eds. 1983. Reclaim The Earth: Women Speak Out For Life On Earth. London: Women's Press.
[2] Cao Nanyan, And Liu Bing.1995. Ecological Feminism. Encyclopaedic Knowledge,(10): 33-34.
[3] Carol J. Adams And Lori Gruen. 2014. Ecofeminism: Feminist Intersections With Other Animals And The Earth, Https://Api.Semanticscholar.Org/Corpusid:159013672
[4] Carolyn Merchant. 1980. The Death Of Nature: Women, Ecology And The Scientific Revolution. San Francisco: Harper And Row.
[5] Ching Ti, And Robert Payne(Trans.). 1982. The Frontier City, New York: Columbia University Press.

Abstract: Constitutions play a pivotal role in shaping the political, economic, and social equality of both women and men. As the supreme law, they establish the state's framework, allocate political authority, delineate governance systems, dictate leadership selection, and safeguard fundamental rights. Constitutional reform presents a unique chance to reshape governance structures by enshrining women's rights, incorporating inclusive language, and establishing institutions that ensure and advance gender equality. In South Sudan, akin to many African nations, a pluralistic legal system merges customary practices, religious laws, common law, and statutory regulations. While customary......

Keywords: Rights, Law, Equality, Constitution, Constitutional reforms and Women's rights

[1] Allen, M. (2014). Constitution Building In 2013', In International Idea, Annual Review Of Constitution-Building Processes. Stockholm: International Idea, Pp. 16–24
[2] Bazugba, A., Poutanen, J., Riak, P., And Moller-Loswick (2020). Women's Experiences In The South Sudan Peace Process 2013-2018. Cmi Peace Broker, Fba & Ni. Retrieved From: Womens-Experiences-In-The-South-Sudan-Peace-Process.Pdf (Cmi.Fi)
[3] Council On Foreign Relations, Women's Participation In Peace Processes (Updated 30 January 2019),
[4] Dahlerup, D. And Freidenvall, L. (2009). 'Gender Quotas In Politics: A Constitutional Challenge', In Susan H. Williams (Ed.), Constituting Equality: Gender Equality And Comparative Constitutional Law. New York: Cambridge University Press.
[5] Dobrowolsky, A. And Hart, V. (Eds) (2003). Women Making Constitutions: New Politics And Comparative Perspectives. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Abstract: Resumo: A pesquisa realizada teve como objetivo analisar o papel da cidadania, diversidade e direitos fundamentais na educação como mecanismo para a inclusão escolar. Utilizando o método de revisão integrativa, foram selecionados artigos publicados entre 2019 e 2023, em plataformas como Google Acadêmico e Scielo, que abordavam temas relacionados à cidadania, diversidade e direitos fundamentais na educação no contexto brasileiro. A....

[1] Bezerra, G. F. A Política Nacional De Educação Especial Na Perspectiva Da Educação Inclusiva: A Problemática Do Profissional De Apoio À Inclusão Escolar Como Um De Seus Efeitos. Rev. Bras. Ed. Esp., Bauru, V.26, N.4, P.673-688, Out.-Dez., 2020.
[2] Cordeiro, A. G. S. L. Pessoas Com Deficiências: Cidadania E Inclusão Escolar. Brazilian Journal Of Development, [S. L.], V. 5, N. 10, P. 21580–21591, 2019.
[3] Gerone, L. G. T. Os Direitos Humanos E A Prática Educativa Inclusiva. Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo Do Conhecimento, 2021.
[4] Neto, A. O. S. Et Al. Educação Inclusiva: Uma Escola Para Todos. Revista Educação Especial, V. 31, N. 60, P. 81-92, Jan./Mar., 2018.
[5] Rodrigues, F. M. C.; Nozu, W. C. S.; Neto, J. P. C. Educação, Direitos Humanos E Cidadania: Fundamentos Para A Inclusão Escolar Da Pessoa Com Deficiência. Ridh, V. 7, N. 1, 2019..

Abstract: The transatlantic slave trade, which forcibly enslaved millions of Africans, had a profound impact on the lives of the Igbo women. Despite being subjected to unimaginable violence, exploitation, and displacement, Igbo women demonstrated remarkable resilience and resistance. This case study explores the experiences of Igbo women during this period, exploring their roles in the slave trade economy, their relationships with enslaved men and other women and their strategies for maintaining cultural identity and resisting enslavement through a critical examination of historical records, oral testimonies, journals and books....

[1] Toyin Falola, "The Transatlantic Slave Trade And Slavery" (New York: Routeledge, 2019), 23-25
[2] Toyin Falola, "Igbo Women And The Transatlantic Slave Trade" Journal Of African History 60, No. 2 (2019) 245-246
[3] Gloria Chukwu, "Igbo Women And Economic Transformation In South Eastern Nigeria" (New York: Routledge, 2016), 60-70
[4] Jennifer Morgan, "African Women And The Atlantic Slave Trade" (New York: Routeledge, 2018), 100-125
[5] Jennifer Morgan, "African Women And The Atlantic Slave Trade" (New York: Routeledge, 2018), 126-150
[6] Benedict Nkenkwere, Interview By Author, January 10, 2021, Abia, Nigeria..

Abstract: This article delves into the intellectual facets of William Blake's imaginative universe, examining the numerous perspectives that can be used to understand his deep ideas. By concentrating on the philosophical underpinnings of Blake's unique vision, this study aims to investigate the intricate layers of his works from both a literary and philosophical standpoint. It is believed that the English poet Wordsworth observed, "I know this poor man was....

Keywords: Philosophy; Revolutionary; Vision; Approaches; Exploration

[1]. Rossetti, William Michael (1906). The Poetical Works Of William Blake: Lyrical And Miscellaneous, London, George Bell And Sons.
[2]. Keyes, Geoffrey (1932). Poetry And Prose Of William Blake, Poems From Blake's Note Book, London. P. 96.
[3]. Frye, Northrop, Fearful Symmetry (1969). A Study Of William Blake, Princeton, Princeton University Press, P. 8
[4]. Erland J. Brock Et Al.( 1988). Swedenborg And His Influence (Bryn Athyn) Academy Of The New Church.
[5]. Morris Eaves (2003). The Cambridge Companion To William Blake, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, P166..