iosr-JMCE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-2 ~ Mar-Apr 2014

Abstract: There is a growing need for operation management in today's manufacturing sector. It is no wonder why more and more companies are now establishing a completely separate department called 'operational excellence', which envisages potentials for implementation of techniques like lean manufacturing, six sigma, TPM(Total Preventive Maintenance), TQM(Total Quality Management), and many more. The six sigma has now become inevitable in manufacturing industries which targets quality and customer satisfaction. Six sigma concept, which took birth in Motorola back in 1980's has now forayed into numerous sectors including manufacturing, finance, logistics, healthcare etc. Implementation of six sigma in mass production is comparatively easy because of less or no product variability, however equally abstruse for job order production system. Our paper focuses on potential applications of six sigma in job order production, and we have taken up study of a turbine machining factory unit, wherein quality and precision play a pivotal role. We have also explored the prospects of combing lean manufacturing with six sigma.
Keywords: Job order production, Lean Six Sigma (LSS), Operation management.

[1]. Yogesh Mishra, Monit KachawahaPROCEEDING OF NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON "ADVANCES IN REFRIGERATION & ENERGY SYSTEMS -2015" (NCARES-2015/74).
[2]. Vivekananthamoorthy N and Sankar S (2011). Lean Six Sigma, Six Sigma Projects and Personal Experiences, Prof. Abdurrahman Coskun (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-370-5, InTech, DOI: 10.5772/17288. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/six-sigma-projects-and-personal-experiences/lean-six-sigma
[3]. Nilesh Fursule,Dr. Satish V. Bansod, Swait N. Fursule, International Journal of scientific research and publications, volume 2, issue 1, January 2012 ISSN 2250-3153
[4]. http://www.isixsigma.com/new-to-six-sigma/dmaic/six-sigma-dmaic-roadmap

Abstract: The sustainable use and management of groundwater resources is now a great challenge for many countries of the world. Recently groundwater modelling has been an effective way to address this challenge. There are a number of modelling software exist to simulate groundwater flow. Among them modelling software MODFLOW is used to determine the interactions between the surface water and groundwater and to develop a model for the study area.

Keywords: Conceptualization, Groundwater Modelling, ModFlow.

[1]. Anthony D (2002) "Preliminary surface water – groundwater interaction modelling: water balances" Technical Report No 22/02 CSIRO Land and Water Private Bag No 5 Western Australia 6913.
[2]. Bedekar. V (2011) "Abstracts of Papers & Presentations of Modflow-Surface and MODHMS" HGL Software Systems Hydro GeoLogic, Inc.1107 Sunset Hills Road Ste. 400Reston VA 20190.
[3]. DevathaChella(2009) "Analysis of Flow Pattern between Hill and Lake" ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences.
[4]. Elango .L (2001) "Modelling the effect of subsurface barrier on groundwater flow regime" Department of Geology,Anna University, Chennai,Tamilnadu,India.
[5]. Fatema Akram (2012), "A Comparative View of Groundwater Flow Simulation Using Two Modelling Software - Modflow and MIKE SHE" 18th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference Launceston, Australia.
[6]. Florian Werner "Groundwater Surface Water Interaction of a Post Lignite Mining Lake in Germany and its Relevance for the Local Water Management".

Abstract: Time and accuracy required are the two important factors that decide on the appropriateness of volume calculations for road project, mining enterprise, geological works and building applications. Geodetic surveying methods have been insufficient for the volume calculation of the objects need to calculation of volume in a short time or in a risk area. In this paper, digital close range photogrammetry is an alternative method to volume calculation. The main objective of this paper is investigated the use of close range photogrammetry to calculate the volume instead of traditional methods. This paper gives also the sequence of the field operations and computational steps for this task. A numerical example is included to reinforce the theoretical aspects.

Keywords: Close Range Photogrammetry, Accuracy, Volumes, Surfer Software..

[1]. Marek Bajtala, Peter Brunčák, Jozef Kubinec, Miroslav Lipták, Štefan Sokol, "THE PROBLEM OF DETERMINING THE VOLUMES USING MODERN SURVEYING TECHNIQUES" journal of inter disciplinary research, 2012.
[2]. Hossam El-Din Fawzy "The Accuracy of Mobile Phone Camera Instead of High Resolution Camera In Digital Close Range Photogrammetry" International Journal of Civil Engineering & Technology (IJCIET), Volume 6, Issue 1, 2015, pp. 76-85, ISSN Print: 0976 – 6308, ISSN Online: 0976 – 6316.
[3]. Yakar M., Yilmaz H.M., " USING IN VOLUME COMPUTING OF DIGITAL CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY" The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B3b. Beijing 2008.
[4]. Yakar M., Yilmaz H.M. and Mutluoglu O., "Close range photogrammetry and robotic total station in volume calculation" International Journal of the Physical Sciences Vol. 5 (2), pp. 086-096, February, 2010.

Abstract: This paper presents the research and development activities for the development of Mini Unmanned Aerial vehicle. It also includes implementation activities for the unmanned aerial vehicle. Here we used the sensors and small camera and zig bee and micro controller we developed a proto type of Unmanned aerial vehicle. Where this is very much useful in military and disaster and rescue operations, and survey and monitoring the weather conditions and also we evaluated the parameter like lift, drag, centrifugal force, endurance, altitude.

Key words:disaster, rescue, weather monitoring, Survey.

[1]. Roskam, J., "Airplane Design", University of Kansas, Etd. By Roskam Aviation and Engineering Corporation, Ottawa, Kansas, 1985,
[2]. Autonomous Autorotation of an RC Helicopter Pieter Abbeel1, Adam Coates1, Timothy Hunter2, and Andrew Y. Ng.
[3]. <http://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/gal104/uav.cfm>
[4]. <http://www.dassault-aviation.com/en/defense/neuron/programme-milestones.html?L=1>
[5]. <http://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/unmanned-aerial-vehicle-uav.asp>.

Abstract: This article demonstrates how small scale power is produced in tall buildings throughhydraulic energy by using micro hydro turbine. All the waste water of the building that are to be disposed in public sewage through excrete pipes is first stored in a giant storage tank situated at a suitable head in the building. The water that is stored in whole day is discharged through pipe with steady rate by using gear. Water of steady rate of discharge falling from a great head when strike the blades of turbine produce energy. This paper studies the application of renewable energy sources in wastewater treatment plants to achieve self-sustain- ability of power

Keywords: Combined Heat Power; Economic Evaluation; Hybrid Renewable; Waste Water Treatment Plant

[2]. www.thehindu.com
[3]. Micro hydro turbine by s. grey

Abstract: CNG is one such fuel which has already been credited as a remarkable fuel in SI Engine. In the present work, Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) has been introduced as an alternative fuel to CI engine to overcome the polluting emissions and to extend the life of fossil fuels as the emission characteristics are better for CNG when compared to diesel engines [1]. In present work, experimental investigation were carried out by inducting CNG into combustion chamber in conjunction with air as CNG-Diesel dual fuel mode. Experiments were conducted on different substitution of CNG i.e. 6 LPM and 13.5 LPM at different Injection Operating Pressures (IOP) i.e. 200, 220 and 240 bar and the performance characteristics were calculated. The effect of CNG substitutions on emissions were measured at various IOPs and reported. Error analysis of uncertainty were calculated and calibrated. The peak pressure and heat release rate were also measure.

Keywords: CNG, Diesel engine, Diesel, Injection Operating Pressure, Performance and exhaust emissions

[1]. Semin, Rosli Abu Bakar, 302-311, 2008. A Technical Review of Compressed Natural Gas as an Alternative Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines.
[2]. Sadhana 2000, pp.Effect of advanced injection timing on the performance of natural gas in diesel engines.
[3]. Abeysinghe, T. 2001. Estimation of direct and indirect impact of oil price on growth. Economic Letters 73: 147-153.
[4]. Keshav S Varde 2001. Fueling System Control and Exhaust Emissions from Natural Gas Fuel Engine.
[5]. Kimura S, Aoki O, Kitahara Y, Aiyoshizawa E. Ultra-clean combustion technology combining a low-temperature and premixed combustion concept for meeting future emission standards. SAE Paper 2001-01-0200; 2001.

Abstract: This paper investigate the behavior of reinforced concrete box beam under pure torsion.The box beam was strengthened experimentally with external prestressing technique (EPT) using two different directions horizontally and vertically. Ten strengthened box beams, with and without web opening, were tested. The study emphasizes prestressing direction and transverse opening dimensions. The failure modes, torsional capacities, rotation, stress in external tendon and strain in internal reinforcements were studied in details.

[1]. A. Ahmed, M.M. Fayyadh, S. Naganathan, and K. Nasharuddin, Reinforced Concrete Beams with Web Openings: A State of The Art Review, International Journal of Materials and Design, 40, 2012, 90-102.
[2]. Abdeldjelil,Reinforced Concrete Box Girders Under Cyclic Torsion,13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 2004, No. 998.
[3]. A.varghese, Torsional Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams,(structural Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kerala University, 2010).
[4]. A. F.Naser, Field Tests of Anchor Beams During Strengthening of Jiamusi Prestressed Concrete Highway Bridge,Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 5, 2012, 475-480.
[5]. A. hasnat, F.wafa , and A.Ali , Prestressed Concrete Beams with Small Opening Under Torsion, journal of structural engineering, 114 ,1988 ,1626-1643.

Abstract: In today's world safety is one of the most important aspect when designing an automobile. Most accidents that occur are frontal collisions which cause the most damage to the occupant and the vehicle. The most affected region in a frontal crash is the collision zone, which is the hood of the vehicle, the bumper and the front frame of the chassis which encompasses the engine. The bumper is the first line of defense in case of a frontal crash, so it has to be reinforced. The bumper Fascia is generally made up of plastic material. In our case we used plastic reinforced with carbon fiber material in a Fiber Reinforced material type.

[1]. "Shock absorbing bumper." U.S. Patent 3,666,310, issued May 30, 1972.

[2]. Weisman, Morey. "Modified low-density polyurethane foam body." U.S. Patent No. 5,418,257. 23 May 1995.

[3]. "Updated review of potential test procedures for FMVSS no. 208" prepared by the Office of Vehicle Safety Research

[4]. Hambali, A., et al. "Material selection of polymeric composite automotive bumper beam using analytical hierarchy process." Journal of Central South University of Technology 17.2 (2010): 244-256.

[5]. Balasubramaniam, R. Callister's Materials Science And Engineering: Indian Adaptation (W/Cd). John Wiley & Sons, 2009.

Abstract: Structures and lifelines designed for typical loading are often badly damaged or can collapse during earthquakes. The observations from recent earthquakes show that many RC structures have failed in the brittle behaviour of beam-column connections due to the deficiency of seismic details in the joint regions. Joint shear failures have been observed recently in many existing RC structures subjected to severe earthquake loadings. In this study, RC beam column specimen was casted and tested for excitation of cyclic loading. Attempts are made to study the performance of the test specimen by studying loop hysteresis, maximum push and pull load and load at the propagation of first crack.

Keywords: Non-linear analysis; Crack propagation, cyclic loading

[1]. Akanshu Sharma, R. Eligehausen, G.R. Reddy (2011), "A new model to simulate joint shear behavior of poorly detailed beam–column connections in RC structures under seismic loads, Part I: Exterior joints", Engineering Structures, 33, 1034–1051.
[2]. Constanze Röhma, Balthasar Novák, Saptarshi Sasmal, Ramanjaneyulu Karusala, Voggu Srinivas(2012), " Behaviour of fibre reinforced beam-column sub-assemblages under reversed cyclic loading ", Construction and Building Materials, 36 ,319–329
[3]. Saptarshi Sasmal, Balthasar Novák, K. Ramanjaneyulu (2011), "Numerical analysis of fiber composite-steel plate upgraded beam–column sub-assemblage under cyclic loading", Composite Structures 93, pp. 599–610.
[4]. G. A. Lakshmi, Anjan Dutta, S.K. Deb (2008), "Numerical Studies of Strengthening of Beam-column Joint under Cyclic Excitation using FRP Composites", Journal of Structural Engineering, 35, 59-65.
[5]. Ghobarah A. and T. El-Amoury (2002). "Seismic rehabilitation of beam–column joint using GFRP sheets", Engineering Structures 5, 1397–1407.
[6]. Ghobarah A., M. El-Attar, N.M. Aly (2000), "Evaluation of retrofit strategies for reinforced concrete columns: a case study", Engineering Structures, 22, 490–501.

Abstract: Stainless steels have not traditionally been widely used as structural materials in architectural and civil engineering. Where the steels have been used for this purpose there has been some other imperative driving the design, usually corrosion resistance or architectural requirements rather than the inherent structural properties of the steel. The primary reason for this low use in structural applications is usually the perceived and actual cost of stainless steel as a material. Developments over the last 10 years, both in available materials and attitudes to durability, are now offering a new opportunity for stainless steels to be considered as primary structural materials. The paper also considers recent developments, particularly with respect to available alloys and considers obstacles to the wider use of stainless steels in structural engineering that is related to both supply chain costs and efficiency of design. This paper introduces testing of Stainless steel tubular sections with using different FRPs and adhesives.

Keywords – Austenitic, Corrosion, Plasticity, Stress-strain, adhesives, crippling load, coupon test.

[1]. Ben Young, Experimental and numerical investigation of high strength stainless steel structures, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 64, 2008, 1225-1230.
[2]. Graham Gedge, Structural uses of stainless steel - buildings and civil engineering, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 64, 2008, 1194-1198.
[3]. L. Di Sarno, A.S. Elnashai, D.A. Nethercot, Seismic retrofitting of framed structures with stainless steel, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 62, 2006, 93–104.
[4]. Mahmud Ashraf, Leroy Gardner, David Nethercot, Finite element modelling of structural stainless steel cross-sections, Thin-walled Structures, 44, 2006, 1048-1062.
[5]. L. Gardner, A. Insausti, K.T.Ng, M.Ashraf, Elevated temperature material properties of stainless steel alloys, Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 66, 2010, 634-647.