IOSR-JHSS   Volume-25 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2020

Abstract: Ornamentation and architectural elements on buildings are significant components of urbanization, doubling as sources of beauty in the cities. They however went through rapid changes with advent of colonization, the ensuing introduction of foreign aesthetic features and technologies to buildings, leading to the abandonment of indigenous forms. This paper takes readers through the changes in the aesthetics of domestic buildings, with colonization. It uses Ibadan and Osogbo: two of the longstanding regional administrative capitals in Western Nigeria, and citieswhich provide good contrast in research, for their exposure to global trends and interesting experiences with Europeans during the colonial era. The paper concludes that although the colonial induced architectural elements and ornamentation eroded many of the traditional practices, they tremendously improved the home grow aesthetics. They expanded the locations of ornamentation in buildings and enhanced the urban fabric in general

Keywords: Colonialism, Changes, Aesthetics, Ornamentation, Domestic Buildings

[1]. J. Okpako, and Amole, B. (2005): "Globalization, Modernity and Architecture: Modern Architecture in Ibadan After 1960", in Fadareet. al. (ed.) Conference Proceeding on Globalisation and Culture in the Nigerian Built environment, Vol II, Faculty ofE. D.M., Ile-Ife : ObafemiAwolowo University.
[2]. O. Olaniyan, (2000):‟The geographic setting of Ibadan, in G.O Ogunremi (ed). Ibadan, A Historical and Socio-Economic Study of an African City, Oluyole Social Club, Lagos
[3]. U. Beier, (1960): "Oshogbo: The Portrait of a Yoruba Town", Nigeria Magazine No.61.
[4]. L. Egunjobi, (1995): "Aspects of Urbanization, Physical Planning and Development of Osogbo", in C. O. Adepegba (ed). Osogbo: Model of Growing African Town.University of Ibadan Institute of African Studies.
[5]. J. Okpako and B. Àmòlé, 2012). "Domestic Architectural Styles in Osogbo", in the Nigerian Field Ibadan: University Press.

Abstract: Social media is a platform which helps to connects the world. It is a computer tool which allows people to create, share or exchange ideas, information, images, videos and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks. Social media has immense popularity and its power has long lasting effects on people and leads to change in behavior. This research paper examines the relationship between the social media and its impact on behavioral change of the youth. Adolescence and young adulthood are crucial stage in development where youth begin to form their own identity and create meaningful relationships but the usage of social media can impact on area of their development hence this paper evaluates the impact of social media on self-esteem of youth. Thispresent study is based on both primary and secondary data. Simple random sampling is used to select the samples of the study. The analysis of data is been done with simple statistics using the MS-Excel..

Key Word: Adolescence, Self-esteem, Social media, Social networking sites, Young adulthood

[1]. Bryant,A. (2018)."The Effect of Social media on the physical, social emotional and cognitive development of adolescents ".Honors Senior Capstone project.37.http://scholarworks.merrimack.edu/honors_capstones/37
[2]. Chen,p.(2013). Australian Politics in Digital age. ANU Press. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt2jbkkn
[3]. Chen,W.& Lee,K. (2013). Sharing, liking, commenting, and distressed? The pathway between Facebook interaction and psychological distress. Cyberpsychology,Behavior and Social Networking, 16(10), 728-734. doi:10.1089/cyber.2012.0272
[4]. Hinduja,S. & Patchin,J.(2012).Cyberbullying: Neither an epidemic nor a rarity. European Journal of Developmental Psychology - EUR J DEV PSYCHOL,9(5), 1-5.
[5]. Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396

Abstract: The role of adult education in the development of man and nations cannot be underestimated. It is, however, surprising that the issue of adult education is taken with levity in areas of recognition of its value to nation building; and its funding. It is very surprising to note that in many institutions of higher learning in Nigeria; many students are yet to understand that adult education is beyond traditional literacy of reading, writing and doing simple arithmetic. There is therefore, an urgent need for reform in adult education to bring it to limelight so that everyone will see it as a discipline of relevance for all time. This work dealt with reforms in the area of content, flexibility of adult education programmes, reform in nomenclature, methodology and research with the hope that when the content of adult education is made relevant to adult learner and reform is carried out in every area of adult education, the discipline would be more inviting and with improvement in methodology many would show interest......

Keywords: Adult education, adult learning, reform, content, methodology

[1]. Adedokun, M.O (2008). Introduction to adult education. Lagos. Honey Crown Education Publishers
[2]. Adedokun, M.O and Ayodele, J.B. (2018). "The pedagogical implications of adult psychology for Open and Distance Learning in J.A. Adegun (ed). A book of reading in honor of Professor Donatus, O. Owuamanam, Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University
[3]. Adedokun, M.O. (2008) Introduction to Adult Education; Lagos, Honey Crown Educational Publishes.
[4]. Akpana, S.I; Asor L.J; and Erim C.M (2011) Adult and non-formal education as veritable tool for attaining Millennium Development Goal I: Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger in Nigeria.Global Journal of Educational Research 10(2) 85-91
[5]. Aony, R. (2011) Reflecting on the 2010 Handbook of Adult and Continuing Education: 2010 Edition/in http-://www.researchgate.net/publication 1285588155. Handbook of Adult and Continuing education 210 Edition

Abstract: This paper is an attempt to examine the transformation of human mind from one track to another as reflected in Sarat Chandra's ―Bilashi‖ (1918) and Matthew Arnold's ―The Scholar Gipsy‖ (1853) by analyzing and showing the reasons of changing mind of Mrityunjai and Scholar Gipsy. In ―Bilashi‖, Sarat Chandra has tried to unfold the story of love of a couple and showed how a man changed his mind neglecting all social and religious norms. Mrityunjai, who transformed his mind to give the proper value of love for the sake of a girl and joined the gang of gipsy for ever leaving all of his belongings. On the other hand, Matthew Arnold has tried to reflect the depression of the Victorian people and showed the causes of changing their mind from one issue to another through the poem ―The Scholar.....

Key words: Social aspect, Religious aspect, Frustration, Mental agony, Gipsy lore

[1]. Allison et al. The Norton Anthology of Poetry, New York, London, 1983.
[2]. Chambers, E.K. Arnold: Prose & Poetry. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969.
[3]. Chowdhury, Bhismadeb et al. Sahitto Path, NCTB (For Class 11-12), Dhaka, 2015.
[4]. Feldman s. Robert. Understanding Psychology, The McGraw-Hill Companies, New York, 2011.
[5]. Latham, Jacqueline, ed. Critics on Matthew Arnold, London: Allen, 1973.

Abstract: تم انتشار وتداول هذه الجملة ب نٌ عموم السعود نٌٌ بعد ز اٌرة ول العهد الأم رٌ محمد بن سلمان لجمهور ةٌ الص نٌ الشعب ةٌ عام
2019 موالت تف دٌ بأن السعود ةٌ تعتزم وتقرر الإقبال على تعلم اللغة الص نٌ ةٌ بتدر سٌها ف مدارسها والعد دٌ من جامعاتها.وطرق توجُهاً جد دٌا من
أبواب تعلم اللغةل حٌدث التوازن مع الإقبال الص نٌ الملحوظ على تعلم اللغة العرب ةٌ ف بعض الجامعات الص نٌ ةٌ.
و عٌُد التّعلُمقصدا وهدفاًلتأم نٌغا ةٌمع نٌة،والتّعل مٌوس لٌةلتأم نٌهذاالهدففبالتّعل مٌ حٌصلالتّعلُمواكتساب المعرفة بشتى ألوانها,كما أن
التّعل مٌلا قٌ دٌهزمنمحدد ولا مكان محدد, وتعلم العلوم الأساس ةٌ بالإضافة إلى اللغات المتقدمة بات من الأولو اٌت الت تهتم بها الدول المتطورة حول
العالملأن اللغة....

- تُعد اللغة الص نٌ ةٌ واحدة من اللغات العالم ةٌ الأكثر صعوبة بسبب ترك بٌ وأشكال رسومها فلا وٌجد لها حروف أبجد ةٌ مستقرة ثابتة, بل
تضم آلاف الرموز لذا حٌتاج المتعلم للغة إلى طُرق وآل اٌت تُساعد على فهم وحفظ هذه الرسوم والتراك بٌ الص نٌ ةٌ ل تٌمكن المبتدئ المتعلم
على التغلب على صعوبة إتقان اللغة وسرعة تعلمها

Abstract: The synergic relationship between linguistic forms and function has been an area of interest to linguists and scholars over the years. It is interestingly factual to assert that since the evolution of man till the present age, the major function of language is to communicate meaning. Different meanings communicated are dictated particularly by the context on which the language act is performed. In this study we examined the dramatic context or discourse using OluObafemi‟s play Naira has no Gender. Most of the academic studies of OluObafemi‟s plays and particularly, Naira has no Genderhad been from the lexico-semantic, syntactic and pragmatic levels, phonology and graphology have not received adequate attention hence this research. Using Halliday‟s model of systemic functional grammar we have investigated the phonological and graphological elements of the play such as.........

[1]. Alo, A.M. 1998. Style in language and communication. Port Harcourt: AEDDY LINK.
[2]. Halliday, M.A.K. 1985. An introduction to functional grammar. 2nd ed. London: Arnold Edward.
[3]. Ilori A.K. 1995 "Tell me the sex of your naira" - A review of the performance of naira has no gender. Retrieved from http:www.academia.edu/5509669/AFRICAN DRAMA and THEARTRE-OLU OBAFEMI‟S NAIRA HAS NO GENDER lstJuly, 2017.
[4]. Lyons, J. 1968. Introduction to theoretical Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[5]. Obafemi, O. 1993 Naira has no gender. Ibadan: Kraftgriots

Abstract: This study examined non-verbal cues and politeness strategies in interaction during service encounter at the post office in Ibadan, Nigeria. Ten out of thirty-two naturally occurring interactions between the service providers (Counter Attendants) and customers were purposively selected for the study. Backed by permission, participant observation and tape recorders were used for data collection. The data was analysed using a combine framework of Lim and Bowers politeness theory and Spencer-Oatey rapport management strategies. The result showed that intuitive role of the non-verbal cues serves as implicature that leads to categorisation of customers. The cues determine the type of social relationship enacted; age, gender and social class lead to differential address form and treatment of customers. These in turn either increase or decrease the social distance between the interlocutors and the power to control the interaction. Any hitch during transaction neutralises the privileged right of the customer.

KEYWORDS: service encounter, non-verbal cues, politeness, rapport management strategy, interlocutors

[1]. Allwin, L. (1991). Seeking information: Contextual influences on question formulation. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 10: 169-183.
[2]. Avramova, Y. R., Stapel, D. A. & Lerouge, D. (2010). Mood and context-dependence: Positive mood increases and negative mood decreases the effect of context on perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99:203-214 doi:10.1037/a0020216.
[3]. Bani-Sharoka, H. (2005). Linguistic choices and code switching in the Azerbaijani community in Teharan: A conversation analytic approach to bilingual practices. Acta universitatis, Studia Iranica upsaliensis 9:520-536, Uppasala:Elanders-Gotab upsaliensis.
[4]. Chandon, J. L., Leo, P. Y. and Philippe, J. (1997) Service encounter dimensions – a dyadic perspective: measuring the dimensions of service encounters as perceived by customers and personnel, International Journal of Service IndustryManagement, 8 (1):65–86.
[5]. Cashman, H. R. (2005). Identities at play: Language, preference and group membership in bilingual talk in interaction. Journal of Pragmatics, 37 (3): 301-315

Abstract: The focus on balancing life and work highlights the value placed on overall life quality and addresses the fact that increased demands at work are contributing to an imbalance. Work-life balance (WLB) is a choice an individual has to make. However, it is the organisation itself that needs to take an initiative to help the employee. If a company addresses these needs, inaddition to provide great career opportunities, then, it will be successful in providing job satisfaction to the employees. While organisations are adopting new ways to ensure that their employees have adequate time to enjoy with their personal life and spend time with family, it is unknown major critical factors of WLB on employee performance of female teachers in Brunei Darussalam Public School. The objective of the study is to determine the relationship between work life balance (Organizational, demographic.....

KEYWORDS: Work life balance, Demographic, Social, Organization, Female Teachers, Brunei Darussalam

[1]. Adams, G.A., King, L.A., & King, D.W. (1996).Relationships of job and family involvement, family social support, and work-family conflict with job and life satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 411-420.
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[5]. Beham, Barbara, and Sonja Brocnic."Satisfaction with Work-Family Balance among German Office Workers". Journal of Managerial Psychology 25.6 (2010): 669-689. Print.

Abstract: The study examined the relationship among energy demand, financial development and economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1985 and 2017 using Autoregreesive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Boud Testing Approach. While the findings of the study show a negative and significant relationship between financial development and economic growth, it found a positive and statistically significant relationship between energy consumption and economic growth within the period under review. The study recommends that the fight against money laundering and other financial corruptions should be sustained and steps up so as to see the desired impact of financial development on economic growth. Finally, it also suggested that a greater use of energy at the domestic and industrial sectors should be encouraged in the country..

Key word: Energy Consumption, Financial Development, Economic Growth

[1]. Daria,K.(2012). Economic growth and energy consumption in OECD countries; A causality analysis. Masters thesis, city college of New York.
[2]. Doaa, M.S. & Eyad, M.A. (2014). What is the role of financial development and energy consumption on economic growth? New evidence from North African countries. International Journal of finance and banking studies. 3 (137 – 149)
[3]. Eugene, I.(2016). The impact of financial development on economic growth in Nigeria. Journal of monetary and economic integration 12(2)
[4]. Fidelis,O.O & Afees A.S(2010). Financial development and economic growth in Nigeria. Journal of monetary and economic integration 12(2).
[5]. Gbadebo O.O, & Chinedu O. (2009): Does energy consumption contribute to economic performance? Empirical evidence from Nigeria. Journal of Economics and international finance 1(2), 044 – 052