IOSR-JHSS   Volume-25 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2020

Abstract: Machiavellianism emerged as a whole system of thought. Early in the 16th century, Niccolo Machiavelli worked as a political advisor to the ruling Medici family in Italy. Machiavelli collected all the details of his political thoughts in his 1513 famous and controversial book "The Prince" .He became increasingly known for his political motto "the ends justify the means". This motto became perpetually utilized in different political agendas. Most significantly, this research tends to see in depth how this Machiavellian perception has been received by the critics and how it was integrated into literature mainly the Renaissance period where this idea of ultimate authority and control is being projected .For at the time when certain philosophers were asserting that the individual is more important than the state, Machiavelli supposedly saw this as entirely simplistic and unemployable. To put it differently, this research tends to explore to which extent this Machiavellian philosophical approach was understood or misunderstood by different critics.

Keywords: Machiavellianism, critical receptions, Renaissance, political theory, hegemony, power, deceit, the individual, the state

[1]. A.Rahe, Paul. Against Throne and Altar:Machiavelli and Political Theory under the English Republic. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, 2008.
[2]. Barthes, Jeremie. Machiavellian Political Thought From the Age of Revolutions to the Present .
[3]. Bernard, John D. Why Machiavelli Matters : A Guide to Citizenship in a Democracy . 2008.
[4]. Kahn, Victoria. The Machiavellian Rhetoric:From the Counter Reformation to Milton. Princeton University Press. New Jersy, 1994.
[5]. Machiavelli, Nicolo. The Prince. 1532.

Abstract: This experimental study examines university students‟ written omission errors. To do so, 60 semester one students at the department of English at Ibn Tofail University have been divided into the experimental and control groups. The difference between the experimental and the control groups‟ errors has been confirmed by qualitative and quantitative measurement including the application of statistical tests, namely the chi-square test and t-test. The study uncovers that students‟ written sentences involve omission errors it has also confirmed that the inductive teaching method (the treatment) has helped the experimental group to reduce their errors in the posttest.......

[1]. S.P.Corder. Error analysis and interlanguage (Oxford: Oxford University Press,1981).
[2]. Goner, Philips, & Walter, Teaching practice handbook (Oxford: Heinemann, 1995).
[3]. W. M. Rivers, Teaching foreign language skills (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1968).
[4]. J.W. Creswell & V.L. Plano Clark, Designing and conducting mixed methods research (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2007).
[5]. S. Chalipa, The effect of inductive vs. deductive instructional approach in grammar learning of ESL learners. The International Research Journal, 2 (2), 2013,22- 44.

Abstract: This study aims to determine how much influence the religiosity and lifestyle on the purchasing decisions of Muslim syar'i clothing. The method used is a multiple regression analysis method with a sample size of 30 respondents. The results of the analysis using multiple regression obtained the results that religiosity and lifestyle simultaneously influence the purchase decision of sharia Muslim clothing. The variable of religiosity is a variable that is more influential on the decision to purchase syar'i Muslim clothing (case study at the Al-Ghazali Stand in Palopo City). This is evidenced by the t value of 3.189> 2.051 and the value of p = 0.004 <0.05..

Keywords: Religiosity, Lifestyle, and Purchasing Decisions

[1]. Affan H. 2015. Why does the Syar'i veil spread and become a trend? [downloaded 2018 October 1]. Available at: https://www.bbc.com
[2]. Bahari, A. F., & Basalamah, J. (2019). Analisis Kualitas Produk, Kualitas Layanan Dan Customer Relationship Management Serta Dampaknya pada Kepuasan Peserta BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Kota Makassar. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 6(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/10.33096/jmb.v6i1.155
[3]. BASALAMAH, Jafar. (n.d.). Analysis of Quality product on consumer behaviour. journal of business and management. p-185-187
[4]. Inrevolzon. 2013. Culture and Civilization. Raden Fatah Journal
[5]. Number of Palopo City Population 2015 from the Central Statistics Agency [downloaded 2018 October 18]. Available at: https://palopokota.bps.go.id.

Abstract: Discussion: The purpose of this study was to determine the judges' consideration in the community property distribution with a legalistic judicial decision number 339K/AG/2018 and the community property distribution decision number 339K/AG/2018 with the progresif. Research Method: This research is normative research with a qualitative method, namely analysis with a descriptive-analytical description of secondary data, namely Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage, and article 97 of the compilation of Islamic law stating that "widows or widowers of divorce get a half share of properties". Discussion: The result study indicate that in general, the panel of judges decided that case of distribution of community properties following statutory regulations, but there were also decisions made not based on applicablelegal provisions. This......

Key Word: Justice, Supreme Court

[1]. A.Mukti Arto, 2017, Penemuan Hukum Islam Demi Mewujudkan Keadilan [The Discovery of Islamic Law for the Realization of Justice], Buku Kesatu, Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta
[2]. Amran Suadi, 2018, Implementasi Teori Hukum Progresif Dalam Penengakan Hukum Oleh Hakim Indonesia [Implementation of Progressive Legal Theory in Law Enforcement by Indonesian Judges], Varia Peradilan Nomor 386 Januari 2018, IKAHI, Jakarta
[3]. C.S.Tn. Kansil, 2018, Pengantar Ilmu Hukum dan tata Hukum Indonesia [Introduction to Indonesian Law and Law], PN Balai Pustaka, Jakarta
[4]. Dedy Muchti Nugroho, 2018, yang dikutip oleh Varia Peradilan Nomor 388 Maret 2018, IKAHI, Jakarta
[5]. Hilman Hadikusuma, 2000, Hukum Perkawinan Menurut Perundangan Hukum Adat Hukum Agama [Marriage Law According to Traditional Law and Religious Law], Rafika Aditama, Bandung

Abstract: This study aims to analyze and find the existence of the Party Court as a judicial institution in its function of resolving internal political party disputes, guaranteeing the legal certainty of the decision of the Party Court, and ideally the position of the Party Court in the structure of political parties to guarantee the neutrality and independence of the institution and its membership. This type of research is normative with three problem approaches namely, 1) the statute approach, 2) the conceptual approach, and 3) the political approach. Researchers used content analysis of content analysis of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials.

Keywords: Party Court, Judicial Institution, Internal Political Party.

[1]. Aburaera, Sukarno. (2012). Kekuasaan Kehakiman Indonesia. Makassar: Arus Timur.
[2]. Ali, Achmad. (2002). Menguak Tabir Hukum: Suatu Kajian Filosofis dan Sosiologis. Jakarta: Gunung Agung.
[3]. Ali, Achmad. (2009). Menguak Teori Hukum (Legal Theory) dan Teori Peradilan (Judicialprudence): Termasuk Interpretasi Undang-Undang (Legisprudence). Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
[4]. Ali, Achmad, &Heryani, Wiwie. (2014). Sosiologi Hukum: Kajian Empiris Terhadap Pengadilan. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
[5]. Alim, Muhammad. (2010). Asas-Asas Negara Hukum Modern dalam Islam: Kajian Komprehensif Islam dan Ketatanegaraan. Yogyakarta: LKiS.

Abstract: Protection of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) from further attacks as well as their fundamental rights remains a priority to their management by both Governmental and Non-Governmental Organization. IDPs must not be exposed to inhuman living conditions. The extent to which protection has been mainstreamed by the collaborative efforts of government and NGOs among IDPs in camp in Maiduguri has not been documented. This study therefore assesses the effort of collaboration at protection mainstreaming among IDPs in Dalori Camp. The participant development theory was used in the study. The study adopted survey method and primary data were used. The questionnaire, Interview, and Focus Group Discussion were used to obtained primary data. The study population is 100695 consisting of government officials, NGOs, and IDPs. The sample size of the study was 747 respondents; 333 government officials and 398 IDPs, and 16 NGOs. Multi-staged sampling technique was used.....

Keywords: Collaboration, Protection Mainstreaming, Dalori, Camp, Terrorist

[1]. Aderonmu, J.A. (2013). Civil society and 2011 Elections in Nigeria. In V. Egwemi (ed.). Issues in the 2011 General Elections in Nigeria. Ibadan: Sam Adex Printers
[2]. Anuforo, E., Ojugbana V. & Alade B. (2015, June 19th). Safeguarding dignity, health of pregnant teenagers in IDP camps, Daily Newsletter
[3]. Bilak, A., Cardona-Fox, G. Ginnetti, J. Rushing, E.J. Scherer, I. Swain, M. Walicki, N. & Yonetani, M. (2016). Global Report on Internal Displacement. Published by Internal Displaced Monitoring Center and Norwegian Refugee Council.
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[5]. Burkey, S. (1993). People first: A guide to self-reliant, participatory rural development. London: Zed Books

Abstract: The death of a spouse is a stressful life event that marks a turning point in the life course often involving transitions and adaptations in social roles for the surviving partner. Widowhood is associated with increased financial strain, the assumption of new tasks in household management and changes in social relationships, all of which may exerbate or mitigate psychological distress. Widowhood impacts multiple life domains which may moderate short and long term effects on the psychological wellbeing of the bereaved. The study examined the psychosocial and economic challenges encountered by widows and their effect on self-esteem in Githunguchu Sub-location location, Gatundu Sub County, Kenya. The objectives of the study were to assess and identify psychosocial and economic challenges encountered by widows in relation to the effects of psychosocial and economic.....

KEYWORDS: Psychosocial, Self-esteem, Widows

[1]. Ali GulKhushik, Shamshad Begum & Sadaf Saeed (2012). An Analysis of Socio-Economic Conditions of Widows Living in Sindh University Colony Jamshoro, Women a Cultural Review program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of highblood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III) finalreport. Circulation. 2002;106(25, article 3143).
[2]. Ambasa-Shisanya, C.R., 2007, "Widowhood in the era of HIV/AIDS: A case study of Siaya district, Kenya, Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS 4(2), 606–615
[3]. Amirthalingam, D. And Lakshman, R. W. D. (2013) "Impact of Displacement on Women and Female-headed Households: A Mixed Method Analysis with a Microeconomic Touch‟. Journal of Refugee Studies 26(1): 26–46.
[4]. Angel, J., Jimenez, M., & Angel, R. (2007). The economic consequences of widowhood for older minority women. The Gerontologist, 47(2), 224-234.
[5]. Bath, D. M. (2009). Predicting social support for grieving persons: A theory of planned behavior perspective. Death Studies, 33, 869-889.