IOSR-JHSS   Volume-28 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2023

Abstract: This paper "Social Institutions and the Creation of Masculinities in the African Novel" explores the influence of social institutions on the creation of masculinities in selected novels. The novels examined here are Chinua Achebe‟s Things Fall Apart and Buchi Emecheta‟s The Slave Girl and Second Class Citizen. The work is anchored on Gender Criticism; specifically, on Masculinities. The paper argues that apart from norms and values, social institutions are very important in the creation of Masculinities. The paper reveals that Family, Marriage, Religious, Economic, Sports, and Educational Institutions create masculinities. The work recommends that there is a need for a paradigm shift in widely held view that in social construction of Masculinities, only norms and values play a major role. As stated earlier, social institutions have been established as being very important in the creation of Masculinities as depicted in the novels examined here.

Keywords: Masculinity, Masculinities

[1]. Our entry is based on the 7th edition of the Modern Languages Association entry Format.
[2]. Abrams, M. H. A Glossary of Literary Terms. United Kingdom: Wadsworth, 2005. Print.
[3]. Achebe, Chinua, Things Fall Apart. Ibadan: Heinemann, 1958.Print.
[4]. ---, Arrow of God. Ibadan: Heinemann, 1964. Print.
[5]. --- , Anthills of the Savannah. Ibadan: Heinemann, 1987. Print.

Abstract: Throughout modern history, the involvement of Moroccan youth in the socio-political sphere has gained visible momentum. The youth seem to have been empowered by the emergence and proliferation of electronic media platforms to voice out their claims and concerns. Electronic activism has even given Moroccan young activists the impetus to move out of the virtual space to real-life implementation of their equity-oriented agenda. As a case in point, contractual teachers in Morocco have used online media to raise awareness about the unfairness of their employment conditions, and have eventually taken to the streets of the capital city, Rabat, and other cities nationwide to prove to the decision-makers that they are to be reckoned with as a suggestive.......

keywords: Moroccan youth; activism; E-media; discourse; contractual teachers; decision-makers

[1]. Ball, Francis. 2005. The Power of the Media. New York: Sage Publishing
[2]. Bishara, Azmi. 2011. "Truth, Powerand the Rehabilitation of Facts".Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies. Doha, Qatar.
[3]. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1991. Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Polity Press.
[4]. Chomsky, Naom. 2002. Media Control: The Spectacular Achievements of Propaganda (2nd ed.). New York: Seven Stories Press.
[5]. Elbouhssini, Latifa. 2020. "In the absence of political orientation, the crowds will claim Everything" (Trans. Mine), Al-Massae Newspaper, issue No 4089, 18 January 2020, 6.

Abstract: The formulation of law enforcement in sustainable mining governance with an environmental perspective is an important matter in the Indonesian legal system. This form of law enforcement includes law enforcement through administrative law instrument. This is the issue of this article, using a normative analysis method. Administrative environmental law enforcement can be interpreted as the use or application of instruments and sanctions in administrative law, with the aim of forcing the target legal subjects to comply with environmental......

Keywords: Law Enforcement, administrative law instrument, The Mining

[1]. Abrar Saleng, Mining Law, Pen. UII Press, Yogyakarta, 2004;
[2]. Andi Hamzah, Environmental Law Enforcement, Sinar Graphics, Jakarta, 2005;
[3]. Dahlia Kusuma Dewa, AlviSyahrin, Syamsul Arifin, and PendastarenTarigan, Environmental Permits in Relation to Enforcement of Environmental Administration and Environmental Crime Based on Lawof 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, USU Law Journal, Vol.II, No. 1 (January-2014);
[4]. Franky ButarButar, Environmental Law Enforcement in the Mining Sector, Yuridika Journal Vol. 25 No. 2, May-August, Faculty of Law Airlangga University, Surabaya, 2010;
[5]. Siti SundariRangkuti, Environmental Law and National Environmental Policy, Airlangga University Press, Print III, Surabaya, 2003

Abstract: Climate change is global problem with profound negative impacts on Agriculture. The Agricultural sector in Kenya directly contributes 26% of the GDP, creates 70% of informal jobs in rural areas and forms 65% of total exports making it a critical sector of the economy. Many projects therefore aim to address the negative impacts of climate change through improving the adaptive capacity of farmers. Adaptation and Mitigation are the two main approaches used to address the negative impacts of climate change. The purpose of this study was to determine climate related challenges faced by smallholder farmers in Kimira Oluch Smallholder Irrigation Project in Homabay County, Kenya.........

Keywords: Climate Change; Adaptation; Mitigation

[i] Belay, A., Recha, J., Woldeamanuel, T. and Morton, J. (2017). Smallholder farmers' adaptation to climate change and determinants of their adaptation decisions in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Journal of Agriculture & Food Security (2017) 6:24 pp. 1-13 DOI 10.1186/s40066- 017-0100-1
[ii] Descheemaeker, K., Oosting, S., Tui, S., Masikati, P., Falconnier, G. and Giller, K. (2016). Climate change adaptation and mitigation in smallholder crop–livestock systems in sub-Saharan Africa: a call for integrated impact assessments. Reg Environ Change (2016) 16:2331–2343 DOI 10.1007/s10113-016-0957-8

Abstract: Introdução:O aumento do envelhecimento da população e os avanços em saúde vem contribuindo para crescente expectativa de vida do brasileiro, acompanhado da elevação das doenças crônicas, propiciaram uma demanda por cuidados paliativos, que são fundamentais para a qualidade de vida da pessoa e seus familiares diante de condições que ameaçam a continuidade da vida. Dessa forma, esse modelo de cuidar deve ter sua continuidade não apenas em ambiente hospitalar, mas na atenção primária. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender como os cuidados paliativos estão sendo desenvolvidos no contexto da atenção primária.........

Key Word: Cuidados Paliativos, Atenção Básica, Atenção Primária à Saúde

[1]. Shein LE, Cesar JA. Perfil de idosos admitidos em unidades de terapia intensiva gerais em Rio Grande, RS: resultados de um estudo de demanda. Rev. Bras. Epidemiol. 2010; 13(2): 289-301.
[2]. Manual de cuidados paliativos / Academia Nacional de Cuidados Paliativos (ANCP). Rio de Janeiro: Diagraphic, 2ª ed. 2012. p.320.
[3]. Pessalacia JDR, Zoboli ELCP, Ribeiro IK. Equidade no acesso aos cuidados paliativos na atenção primária à saúde: uma reflexão teórica. R. Enferm. Cent. O. Min.2016; 6(1):2119-2139.
[4]. Hermes HR, Lamarca ICA. Cuidados paliativos: uma abordagem a partir das categorias profissionais de saúde. Ciênc. saúde coletiva 2013; 18(9): 2577-2588. [5]. SilvaRS da, Amaral, JB do, MalaguettiW. Enfermagem em cuidados paliativos: cuidando para uma boa morte. São Paulo: Martinari; 2019.

Abstract: The study explores the impact of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) on the environmental performance of F&B enterprises by applying AMO theory, RBV resource theory with the main purpose of analyzing the influence. of the application of green human resource management through 5 contents:Green Recruitment & Selection; GTD-Green Training & Development; GPA-Green Performance Management & Appraisal; GCR-Green Compensation & Reward Management; GEE-Green Employee Empowerment and environmental corporate social responsibility. Data is collected from 365 businesses surveyed at F&B businesses operating in the North of Vietnam. The partial least squares structural model analysis method (PLS-SEM) was used by the research team to test the appropriateness of the model and the research hypotheses........

Keywords: Green Human Resource Management (GHRM); Organization's Environmental Performance (OEP); Green Employee Empowerment; Environmental Management System, Corporate Social Responsibility.

[1]. Alhadid, A.; Abu-Rumman, H. (2014). "The impact of green innovation on organizational performance, environmental management behavior as a moderate variable: an analytical study on a group in Jordan,‟ International Journal of Business and Management, 9(7), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v9n7p51
[2]. Appelbaum, E.; Bailey, T.; Berg, P.; Kalleberg, L. (2000). "Manufacturing Advantage: Why High-Performance Work Systems Pay off,‟ The Academy of Management Review, 26(3), 459.
[3]. Arulrajah, A.; Opatha, P. (2016). "Analytical and Theoretical Perspectives on Green Human Resource Management: A Simplified Underpinning,‟ International Business Research, 9(12), 153.
[4]. Arulrajah, A.; Opatha, P.; Nawaratne, J. (2015). "Green human resource management practices: a review,‟ Sri Lankan Journal of Human Resource Management, 5(1), 1.
[5]. Barney (1991). "Firm resource and sustained competitive advantage,‟ Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.

Abstract: This study seeks to explore the manner in which patriarchal programed gender roles alienate women as a minority by taking its cue from the ideology of patriarchal programed gender roles inherent in The Financial Expert of R. K. Narayan. It illustrates the passages and situations in the book where the female characters serve as symbols of masculine status. Additionally, it exposes some of the tools patriarchal programming utilized in its endeavor. Using examples from the text, it also illustrates how patriarchy exploits sexual differences to oppress women. This study also discusses how women are objectified by developing a hierarchy in which women are devalued due to certain circumstances in the novel. The study also demonstrates how patriarchy aids the ruling class in using women as instruments in their endeavors. Additionally, the study uses passages from the text to illustrate how patriarchal programming of gender norms puts pressure on women's capitulation.

Keywords: Gender Roles, Patriarchy, Patriarchal Standards.

[1]. Beauvoir, Simone de. ―Introduction.‖ The Second Sex. Rpt. in French Feminism Reader. Ed. Kelly Oliver. Rowman & Littlefield, 2000.
[2]. Delphy, Christine. Close to Home: A Materialist Analysis of Women's Oppression. Trans. Diana Leonard. Hutchinson, 1984.
[3]. Irigaray, Luce. This Sex Which Is Not One. Trans. Catherine Porter. Cornell University Press, 1985.
[4]. Moi, Toril. Sexual/Textual Politics: Feminist Literary Theory. 2nd ed. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, 2002.
[5]. Narayan, R.K. The Financial Expert: With an Introduction by Graham Greene. The Noonday Press, 1972.

Abstract: Hindi Films (Bollywood) an integral part of Indian Cinema, is one of the most popular forms of nation‟s entertainment since its inception. An entertainment wand pulling masses to the theatre, and blockbusters making it humongous, have something in common and larger than life – "The Hero". Hero a whole and soul of a typical Bollywood film is by default complimented by a singing, dancing, loving, caring – Damsel in Distress, "Heroine". Right from the era of single theatres to today‟s age of multiplex we have majorly witnessed the powerful male saga on reels, but the scenario has always challenged when the 70mm screen has delivered some great women-centric powerful cinemas.

[1]. Saxena,A.(2019).Bollywood Women and Indian Society.Kanishka Publishers. (p.1-41).
[2]. Sanyal,D. (2021). Gendered Modernity and Indian Cinema The Women in Satyajit Ray's Films.(p. 120).
RESEARCH PAPERS:
[3]. Kunsey, I. (2019). Representation of women in popular film: A Study of Gender inequality in 2018. Cinema and Television Arts Elon UniversityJournal. Undergraduate Research in Communications, Vol. 10, No. 2, Fall 2019.DOI:https://eloncdn.blob.core.windows.net/eu3/sites/153/2019/12/03-Kunsey.pdf
[4]. Miller, K.R. (2018). A Sturdy Glass Ceiling: Representation of Women on Screen and Behind the Scenes of Hollywood‟s Top 100 Films throughout the years. Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research: Volume 8, Fall 2018.DOI:http://doi.org/10.5703/1288284316736
[5]. Bocchino,H.(2014). Etched into History: Analysis of Male and Female Portrayal in American Films Between 1950-2012. Bachelor of Arts, University of California-Santa Barbara, 2009.DOI:https://doi.org/10057/10948