IOSR-JHSS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-2 ~ Feb -2018

Abstract: The concept of "maintenance", under Muslim law, endorses an obligation of a husband to provide maintenance to his wife and this right arises from the very existence of the marital relationship between them. Traditionally it is the well-established rule of Islamic Sharia law that a woman is entitled to maintenance during the subsistence of the marriage and after divorce for iddat period. But the controversy arises when the issue of providing post-divorce maintenance (maa'ta) beyond iddat period comes as there are differences of opinion among the Islamic Scholars as to allowing post-divorce maintenance (maa'ta) beyond iddat period under Islamic Sharia law. But the judiciary of many countries is allowing such maintenance through judicial activism. The authors of this paper focus at the application of Islamic Sharia law through court‟s decisions on matters of Post-divorce maintenance (maa'ta) for Muslim women...........

Keywords:Post-divorce maintenance (maa‟ta); Islamic Shariah; Judicial decisions; Bangladesh; Pakistan; India.

[1] A. Shahid, Post-divorce Maintenance For Muslim Women In Pakistan and Bangladesh: A Comparative Perspective, International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family, 27(2), 2013, 197–215.
[2] A. Fyzee, Outlines of Muhammadan Law (Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1974).
[3] R. Abdullah, T. Monsoor, F. Johari & W. M. Radzi, Financial support for women under Islamic family law in Bangladesh and Malaysia, Asian Journal of Women's Studies, 21:4, 2015, 363-383.
[4] M. Khaled and R. Hoque, Right to post-divorce maintenance in Muslim Law, Chittagong University Journal of Law, vol. IV, 1999, 23.
[5] S. K. Rashid, Muslim Law (Lucknow, 2007).

Abstract: If we observed the current humanitarian conditions whether through the television or print media including somewhat apprehensive. Everywhere there are problems, mutual humiliation, mutual slanders those results in worsening relationships between people. The condition is very important to re-see and dig the ancestral heritage as a foothold in maintaining harmony in living a better and safer life. One of the Bugis' ancestral heritages is called paseng/pappaseng as a mandate which must be obeyed by ethnic Bugis in living a good life. More importantly, because paseng/pappaseng loaded with positive moral values so it is suitable to serve as guidance in the formation of national character based on local wisdom. The method used in collecting primary data in this research is literature method. The primary data were obtained from a collection of Matthes (1872) entitled Boegeenesche Chrestomatie. The book contains a variety of topics and one of them is a paseng/pappaseng. Paseng/pappaseng in the form of a monologue and subsequent dialogue the author sort based on the moral value it contains..........

Keywords: Moral value, paseng/pappaseng, nation character, local wisdom

[1]. Abidin, Andi Zainal. 1999. Capita Selekta History of South Sulawesi. Ujung Pandang: Hasanuddin University Press.
[2]. Ali, Andi Amriadi. 1999. Around the Values of Democracy in the Four Ethnicities in South Sulawesi. Makassar: FIK -Lsm and YAPPIKA.
[3]. Bahar, Mahdi. Ed. 2004. Traditional Art, Challenging Change. Padang Panjang STSI.
[4]. Dg. Neat, Massiara. 1988. Revealing the Curtain of History and Culture in South Sulawesi. Jakarta: Yayasan Bhineka Tunggal Ika.
[5]. Hamid, Abu. 2007. Moral Messages of Bugis Sailors. Makassar: Reflection..

Abstract: Kharwar is a community found in the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh Sonbhadra, Bihar, Jharkhand, WestBengal, Orissa, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Delhi and Chhattisgarh.The Kharwar have various putative origins. Some may be traced to Palamu district, now in the state of Jharkhand, while others may have lived in the Sone Valley. Those of Uttar Pradesh claim to have come from Rohtas and to be descended from the mythological Suryavansha dynasty calling themselves "Kharagvanshi. The Government of Uttar Pradesh had classified the Kharwar as a Scheduled Caste but the community members disliked this. preferring to think of themselves as a tribe. By 2007, they were one of several groups that the Uttar Pradesh government had redesignated as Scheduled Tribes. As of 2017, this designation applied only in certain districts of the state. The Kharwar Scheduled Caste population in Uttar Pradesh According Census of India was (2011)14,796..........

Keyword: Kharwar tribe, socio- cultural life, kinship structure community.

[1]. Abraham, Francis. (2000). Modern Sociological Theory. Calcutta: Oxford University Press.
[2]. Ahmad, Aijazuddin & Raza Moonis. 1990. An Aatlas of Tribal of India. New Delhi: Concept Pub. Com.
[3]. Ahuja, D.R. (1980) Folklore of Rajasthan. Delhi: National book Trust.
[4]. Aiyappan A (1948) Report on theSocio economic conditions of the Aboriginal Tribes of the province of Madras,Madras: Govt Press.
[5]. Aiyappan A. (1992) The Paniyas. Institute of Social Research and Applied Anthropology. Kolkata

Abstract: Finger consists of several segments of bone covered by flesh or muscle In fact, at the tips of the fingers there is something that attracts human attention (scientists) in the 19th century to the present time that small arch, or today it is often called as fingerprint. They work when we are holding something in a variety of situations except in wet conditions. Besides that human fingerprints are used for identification purposes, because scientists have agreed that the small lines on the fingertips (fingerprints) have no similarity on two people in the world. That's what drives the police to make fingerprints as a tool to identify criminals and victims who do not have identification. Then the fingerprint is not only used as a tool to identify the criminals or the victims who have no identification, but today fingerprints can work as a tool for security system that serves as a security in accessing technology..

Keywords: Al Quran; fingerprint; human; mystery

[1]. Al-Qur‟an
[2]. al-Tirmidzi, Muhammad bin "Isa bin Sawroh bin Musa bin al-Dhahak Abu "Isa, Sunan al-Tirmidzi, Juz: 11, (Mawqi‟ Wuzaratul Awqof al-Misriyyah, tt)

[3]. al-Syaibani, Abu "Abdillah Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Hanbal bin Hilal bin Asad bin, Musnad Ahmad, Juz: 34, (Mawqi‟ Wuzaratul Awqof al-Misriyyah, tt)
[4]. Cholil,Suhadi dkk, Laporan Tahunan Kehidupan Beragama Indonesia 2009, (CRCS: Centre for Religious & cross Cultural Studies, UGM Yogyakarta, 2010)
[5]. Memelihara Kemurnian al-Qur'an: Profil Lembaga Tahfidz di Nusantara, ed: Muhammad Shohib, Bunyamin Yusuf Surur, (DIPA, Lajnah Pentashihan Mushaf al-Qur‟an, Cet. 1, 2011).

Abstract: Since the beginning of the 21st century, the Polish Prison Service has been introducing new procedures and modern technologies that are to increase the sense of security of officers and prisoners as well as the entire society. The study presents a description of a typical Video Surveillance System (VSS), one of the tools used for permanent supervision embedded in the Polish penitentiary system and expectations as to the effects of such a permanent observation of prison and prisoners. However, the biggest problem in prisons is the lack of established rules for selection and training for video surveillance system operators, which would be based on scientific research (eg including the number of monitors and images to watch, psychophysical and social variables). This is a big mistake............

Keywords: Video Surveillance System (VSS), selection and training of the VSS operator, prison service, psychophysical and social variables of the VSS operator

[1.] R. Poklek, & M. Chojnacka, Negocjacje policyjne i więzienne (Warszawa: Difin, 2017).
[2.] Executive Penal Code Act of 06 June 1997.
[3.] C. Mecwaldowski, Zabezpieczenia techniczno-ochronne zakładów karnych i aresztów śledczych (Warszawa: Euromedia Sp. z o.o., 2014).
[4.] C. Mecwaldowski, Polish prison service. Security systems in prisons and remand centres (Warszawa: Euromedia Sp. z o.o., 2015).
[5.] Regulation of Minister of Justice dated 4 June 2013 on the correction/safety and protection cell and solitary confinement; Use of Coercive Measures and Firearm, Act of 24 May 2013.

Abstract: Cracking India‟ by Bapsi Sidhwa is a semi – autobiographical novel which can best be analysed and interpreted as a "gendered subaltern narrative‟. Eight year old "Lenny‟- a Parsee who grew up in Lahore and suffered from polio is the narrator who unfolds how her community in general and women in particular suffered at the hands of the majority during the partition of India and Pakistan. Besides Partition crisis, the novel also deals with the Parsee milieu, their minority status, issue of child – marriage, women‟s problems and patterns of migration. An attempt has been made in the present paper to show how Sidhwa has successfully portrayed the trauma of woman who belongs to "minority community‟ and how her status as "minority within a minority‟ leads to her double oppression due to her gender and religion at the hands of the so – called "superior‟ oppressors...

Keywords: partition , gender , woman , subaltern ,sexual violation , minority , discrimination ,class , religion

[1]. Sidhwa, Bapsi. Cracking India. 1988. New Delhi : Penguin Books India, 1989
[2]. Butalia Urvasi, The other side of Silence‟: Voices from the Partition of India. New Delhi: Penguin Books, 1998
[3]. Datta,Anjali. "Gendering Oral History of Partition : Interrogating Patriarchy‟. Economic and Political Weekly 41.5 (2006) : 2229 – 2235. JSTOR. Web. 31 Aug. 2015
[4]. . < http : // www. Jstor.org/stable/4418296 >
[5]. Ranjit Guha ( Subaltern Studies group ), Silent Trauma: Representing Indian Partition in Subaltern Studies, Bapsi Sidhwa‟s Cracking India

Abstract: This study aims to explain the meaning of onang-onang and the local wisdom that is in it with pragmatic review. Onang-onang is a poem sung when manortor (dancing) at Mandailing customary marriage ceremony. This research was conducted in Panyabungan Sub-district. The method used is cakap method and listening method. The lyric of onang-onang is sung by paronang-onang (singer) when suhut (party owner), namora pule (bride), anak boru, mora, and kahanggi dance (manortor). The results show that the text of the singers sung by the paronang-onang has meaning (1) the opening (2) the explanation of the intention of the marriage ceremony (3) the advice (4) the background story of sihabolonan suhut and bride (5) praise, and (6) player. These texts have local wisdom values (1) divine values (2) the value of mutual cooperation and work sincerity (3) the value of harmony, and (4) aesthetic value. The values contained in the text of these hosts must be maintained because they are positively charged in determining this attitude of life and to maintain a balance of this heterogeneity. This research is one way to revitalize Mandailing culture by conducting customary study and development.

Keywords: Local Wisdom, Mandailing, Onang-onang, Pragmatic

[1]. Duranti, Alesandro. 1997. Linguistic Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
[2]. Grenoble, L. A. dan L.J. Whaley. 2006. Saving Languages: An Introduction to Language Revitalization. New York: Cambridge University.
[3]. Kluckhohn, Florence. 1961. Variation in Value Orientation. Cambridge: Harvard University.
[4]. Lavinson, Steephen C. 1993. Pragmatics. London: Cambridge University.
[5]. Leech, D.N. 1993. Principles of Pragmatics. New York: Longman..

Abstract: Tourism and Bollywood go hand in hand. If you wonder how then let me explain. From shooting films in exotic locations like Switzerland and Spain to conducting award shows in places like Madrid, Tampa Bay, Singapore and others, Tourism has got immense boost from Bollywood. So much that many Bollywood celebrities have been signed up as the brand ambassador for a particular state or country's tourism board. While Ranveer Singh is the ambassador for Switzerland, Shah Rukh Khan is for Dubai. Priyanka Chopra endorses Arunachal Pradesh whereas Amitabh Bachchan has been the face of Gujarati for years. With Bollywood spreading its wings globally, there are many nations that are willing to offer subsidies, only to put themselves on the global map. Films like ZindagiMilegiNaaDobara, Befikre, Happy New Year are some of the recent examples of how Bollywood has ventured into the foreign lands and made a mark for themselves by making countries like Spain, Paris and Dubai a character in their film. It has made the audience aware about the country and its culture and boosted tourism growth immensely..

Keywords: Bollywood, Tourism, Shah Rukh Khan, Amitabh Bachchan, Priyanka Chopra, Tourism ambassadors

[1]. http://adage.com/article/global-news/spain-s-starring-role-bollywood-movie-a-boon-tourism/232511/

[2]. https://blog.travelguru.com/bollywoods-influence-on-indian-tourism-industry/

[3]. http://boxofficeindia.co.in/a-case-for-film-tourism/

[4]. http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/travel/bollywood-plays-lead-in-global-tourism-promos/articleshow/10809656.cms

[5]. https://www.tourmyindia.com/blog/how-does-indian-cinema-influence-the-travel-and-tourism-industry-in-india/.

Abstract: A demographic survey is attempted in the present study among Bagatha tribal population inhabiting Pedabayalu Mandal of Visakhapatnam district. The present study is a small contribution to the field of anthropological demography and aims to unravel all socio-biological facts of marriage, fertility, and mortality to evaluate the impact of all demographic characteristics on the level of fertility performance. Fertility performance measured in terms of a mean number of total conceptions (3.22), live births (3.15) and living children (2.77) per couple is moderate. In these live births also the neonatal mortality, infant mortality and child mortality is more. The crude Birth rate is 11.0/1000 population and Crude Death rate is 5.5/1000 population. This study helps socio biologists in predicting the future fertility trends of Bagatha population.

Keywords: Fertility, Live Birth, Conceptions, Bagatha

[1]. Aaby P. (1998), Are men weaker or do their sisters talk too much? Sex differences in childhood mortalityand the construction of biological differences. In: in Basu, A. and P. Aaby (eds.) The Methods andthe Uses of Anthropological Demography, Oxford, Clarendon Press: 223-245.
[2]. Basu, A. and P. Aaby (1998). Introduction: Approaches to Anthropological Demography, in Basu, A. andP. Aaby (eds.) The Methods and the Uses of Anthropological Demography, Oxford, ClarendonPress, 1-21.
[3]. Bernardi, L. and I. Hutter (eds.) (2007 forthcoming). The Anthropological Demography of Europe, Demographic ResearchBharathi K, Naidu JM and Nanibabu M.. 2016. Fertility and Mortality Levels among Four Tribesof Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India. Human Biology Review, 5 (2), 213-224
[4]. Caldwell, J., P. Caldwell, B. Caldwell, D. Eversley, A. G. Fix, N. Howell; M. Nag, C Taeuber,and F. van de Walle (1987). Anthropology and Demography: The Mutual Reinforcement of Speculation andResearch [and Comments and Reply] Current Anthropology, Vol. 28 (1), 25-43. Caldwell, J, A Hill,18and V. Hull (1988). Micro-Approaches to Demographic Research, 500 pp. London, Kegan PaulInternational.

Abstract: Women empowerment brings about upliftment of women in social, economic and political spheres where they are able to play roles at par with men in society. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) goal number 5 targets achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls. This theoretical perspective paper looks at how mathematical empowerment of women could serve as a prerequisite tool for sustainable development. It considers how women can benefit from being mathematically empowered. It is a known fact that most development relies on science and technological careers. This development cannot be successful without mathematics yet women are underrepresented in this queen of science. In Zimbabwe women constitute above half of the population yet there is an under-representation of the female gender in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. The country‟s rich human capital should work towards women‟s economic empowerment through education.............

Keywords: Gender, Mathematics Education, STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics), Women empowerment.

[1]. Auguele, L.I. & Agwagah, U.N.A. (2007). Female participation in science, technology and mathematics (STM) education in Nigeria and national development. Journal of Social Sciences, 15, 121-126.
[2]. Bera, N. (2016). Women Empowerment through Education. International Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences Studies (IJHSSS), 2(5), 184-190.
[3]. Blickenstaff, J.C. (2005). Women and Science careers: leaky pipeline or gender filter? Gender and Education, 17(4), 369-386.
[4]. Burton, L. (2001). Mathematics? No thanks – Choosing and then Rejecting Mathematics. Paper presented at the center for Mathematics Education, October2, 2001, Open University.
[5]. Farooq, S.M. & Shah, S.Z.U. (2008). Students‟ attitude towards mathematics. Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 46, 75-83..

Abstract: Stakeholder participation in climate change adaptation is critical the world over. This enhances sustainability of rural livelihoods given the adverse climatic conditions currently experienced. A focus on a local area serves as benchmark for great inferences of the scenario at national, regional and global scales. Thus, the choice of Chadereka Ward 1 of Muzarabani Rural District in Zimbabwe for this paper was not equivocal. For sustainable socio-economic transformation in developing countries there is need to constantly interact with matter leading to place specific climate change adaptation strategies. Currently, technological innovations to mitigate the climatic disaster still need more action and publication. Thus, the purpose of this paper was to establish the role of stakeholders in climate variability and change adaptation, a major constraint to the goal of sustainable socio-economic transformation. The Ward, being marginal in Zimbabwe is one of the hardest hit by climate variability and change which cripple...........

Keywords: Stakeholder, sustainability, rural livelihoods, adaptation, climate variability and change

[1]. Abel, N., Wise R.M., Colloff M.J., Walker B. H., Butler J.R.A., Ryan P., Norman C., Langston A., Anderies J.M., Gorddard R., Dunlop M. and O'Connell D. (2016) Building resilient pathways to transformation when ―no one is in charge‖: insights from Australia's Murray-Darling Basin, Ecology and Society, 21(2):23.
[2]. Abid M., Schilling J., Scheffran J. and Zulfiqar F. (2016) Climate change vulnerability, adaptation and risk perceptions at farm level in Punjab, Pakistan, Science of The Total Environment, Volume 547: 447–460.
[3]. Adams J., Khan H.T.A. and Raeside R. (2014) Research Methods for Business and Social Science Students, Second Edition, Sage Publications, United Kingdom.
[4]. African Development Bank (2010) Climate Adaptation for Rural Livelihood and Agriculture: Project Brief, Global Environment Facility, ID3302. Africa: Zimbabwe Country Report, Heinrich Böll Stiftung, South Africa.
[5]. Aldunce P., Beilin R., Handmer J. and Howden M. (2016) Stakeholder participation in building resilience to disasters in a changing climate, Environmental Hazards, Vol. 15, 1: 58-73..

Abstract: The aims of this research are: (1) to reveal the dimensions of life within Bajo Tribe at Bajoe Village, Bone Regency; (2) to reveal the dimensions of disadvantaged social life within Bajo tribe at Bajoe Village, Bone Regency; (3) to find the right solution for changing the condition of the disadvantaged Bajo Tribe. The approach used in this research is qualitative method, specifically a phenomenological research on nine informants taken by purposive sampling. All data obtained through in-depth interview and observation are then analyzed inductively. The research findings include: (1) the discovery of real disadvantaged condition within the life of Bajo Tribe concerning the fulfillment of daily needs such as: the discrepancy within the expectation achievement and the shifting of social order............

Keywords: Disadvantaged Tribe, Social Life, Phenomenological Research, Bajo Tribal Community

[1] Bachtiar. Wardi, Sosiologi Klasik Dari Comte Hingga Parsons (Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya, 2006).
[2] Beilharz. Peter, Teori-Teori Sosial: Observasi Kritis Terhadap Para Filosof Terkemuka (Yogyakarta : Pustaka Pelajar, 1991).
[3] Bungin. Burhan, Penelitian Kualitatif: Komunikasi, Ekonomi, Kebijakan Publik, dan Ilmu Sosial Lainnya (Jakarta: Kencana Predana Media Group, 2010).
[4] C.Kinloch. Graham, Perkembangan dan Paradigma Utama Teori Sosiologi (Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2009)
[5] Henslin. M. James, Sosiologi dengan Pendekatan Membumi (Jakarta: Erlangga, 2006).