IOSR-JHSS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-2 ~ Feb -2018

Abstract: Most Educators Agree That Mathematics Should Be Taught In A Way To Enable Learners Acquire Problem Solving Ability. Thus The Focus In Teaching Mathematics Should Be On Problem Solving Situations Rather Than On Routine Computations. This Implies Active Learner Participation As Brought About By Student Centered Instruction. This Study Was Concerned That The Conventional Methods Of Instruction Were Not Facilitating Acquisition Of Problem Solving Skills Resulting In Mass Failure Of Students In National Examinations. The Study Investigated The Role Of Peer Instruction In Learners' Perception Of Their Problem Solving Ability In Mathematics. The Observation Learning Theory Was Used To Guide The Study. Previous Studies Indicated That Using Peer Instruction Enables..........

Key Words: Peer Instruction, Problem Solving Ability..

[1]. Andrimi,V. S. (2016). The Effectiveness Of Inquiry Learning Method To Enhance Students Learning Outcome: A Theoretical And Empirical Review. Journal Of Education And Practice.Vol 7, P 3-7
[2]. Armstrong, L. F. (2012). The Process And Effects Of Peer Tutoring.Human Learning: Journal Of Practical Research & Applications,2(1), P39-47
[3]. Asch,S. E. (1956) Studies Of Independence And Conformity: A Minority Of One Against A Unanimous Majority. Psychological Monographs,P70
[4]. Brady,M.(2005). The Experience Of Peer Teaching In Lifelong Learning Institutes. University Of Southern Maine, Wwwmbrady.Usm.Maine.Edu Retrived From The Internet On 11/2/2006
[5]. Cohen, P.A &Kuklik, J.A.(1981). Synthesis Of Research On The Effects Of Tutoring. Educational Leadership, Newyork

Abstract: Production Can Be Defined As Any Use Of Resources That Converts Or Transforms A Commodity Into Different Commodity Over Time And Or Space. In General Any Activity That Creates Value Is Production. In Broad Sense, Production Includes Not Only Manufacturing , But The Principles Of Production Are Also Applicable To The Whole Range Of An Organization's Activities, Irrespective Of Whether The Organization Is Goods-Oriented Or Service Oriented, Profit Oriented Or Not For Profit(Boruah, 2008). Production Function Shows The Maximum Amount Of Output Can Be Produced With A Given Level Of Inputs. Production Implies Transformation Of Inputs. The Word Production Encompasses Not Only Physical Changes In Matter It Also Embraces Rendering Of Services Such As Transporting, Financing, Wholesaling And Retailing..........

[1]. Ahmed, J.U.D. (2014) Micro, Small And Medium Enterprises (Msmes) In India: Institutional Framework, Problems And Policies, New Century Publications, New Delhi.
[2]. Boruah, P. (2008) Production Behaviour Of O.N.G.C., Eastern Region: An Econometric Analysis, Published Ph.D Thesis, Department Of Statistics, Dibrugarh University, Assam.
[3]. Gujarati, D. N. (2004) Basic Econometrics, Tata Mc Graw – Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
[4]. Khreisat, M. A. (2011) Production Function Estimations And Policy Implications, Colorado State University, Department Of Economics, Fort Collins, Colorado.
[5]. Ko, M. And Bryson, K. M. (2004) The Productivity Impact Of Information Technology In The Healthcare Industry: An Empirical Study Using A Regression Spline Based Approach, Information And Software Technology, Elsevier, 65-73.

Abstract: The objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between forest and indigenous community in Kalimantan Island, and how local institution was build to maintain the harmonious relationship between human and environment in Dayak community. This paper will describing some important external factor which are contribute to the changes of socio-cultural aspect of recent Dayak community in Ensaid Panjang. Result of the study shows that external aspects significantly influence the living system of indigenous community in Ensaid Panjang, and it is potently disturb the survival of the indigenous community to the future. The central government policy contribute significantly to the indigenous system. Forest disturbance and changes in long house (Rumah Betang) culture and tradition has been influence the community status. Transmigration programs has introduced new culture to the indigenous community in Ensaid Panjang, while central government in land ownership has decrease the access of indigenous community to forest resources. The introduction of recent oil palm plantation has been identified contributes to the decrease of forest..

Keyword: Indigenous Community, Deforestation, Forest Conservation, Land Policy

[1]. SJ. Anaya And RA. Jr. Williams (). The Protection Of Indigenous Peoples' Rights Over Lands And Natural Resources Under The Inter-American Human Rights System. Harv. Hum. Rts. J., 14, 2001, 33-35.
[2]. G. Borrini, A. Kothari And G. Oviedo,). Indigenous And Local Communities And Protected Areas: Towards Equity And Enhanced Conservation: Guidance On Policy And Practice For Co-Managed Protected Areas And Community Conserved Areas (IUCN, 2004).

[3]. HP. Huntington, Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge In Science: Methods And Applications. Ecological Applications, 10(5), 2000, 1270-1274.
[4]. F. Berkes, J, Colding, And C. Folke, Rediscovery Of Traditional Ecological Knowledge As Adaptive Management. Ecological Applications, 10(5), 2000, 1251-1262.
[5]. CR. Menzies, Traditional Ecological Knowledge And Natural Resource Management (University Of Nebraska Press. 2006).

Abstract: This Study Tried To Investigate The Level Of Parental Involvement And Its Implications For Improving Students' Learning In Secondary Schools. The Study Employed Descriptive Survey Design, The Sampling Techniques Used Included Availability And Simple Random Sampling. The Sample Consisted Of Teachers, Principals, Vice-Principals, Students And Pta Members Of Secondary Schools In Sidama Zone And Education Office Experts. The Data Gathering Tools Employed Were Questionnaire And Interview. The Data Gathered Through Closed-Ended Questionnaire Was Analyzed Using Percentage, Frequency, Standard Deviation, P-Test And Mean Score While The Data Gathered Through Interview And Open-Ended Questions Were Narrated Qualitatively. The Study Indicated That The Level Of Parental Involvement In Their Children's Education In The Study Area Was Low And It Was Not Contributing Much For Improving Students' Learning. Barriers Such As, Lack Of Awareness..........

Keywords: Parental Involvement, Secondary Schools, Students' Learning.

[1]. Adeyemi, T. O (2005).Educational Administration An Introduction. Lagos: Atlantic Associated Publishers.71-84.
[2]. Agostino, J., Hedges, L., & Borman, G. (2001).Title I Parent-Involvement Programs: Effects On Parenting Practices And Student Achievement.
In G. Borman.
[3]. Baeck, U.K. (2010). We Are The Professionals: A Study Of Teachers' Views On Parental Involvement In School. British Journal Of Sociology Of Education, P.323-335.
[4]. Bryan, J. B. (2005). Fostering Educational Resilience And Achievement In Urban Schools Through School-Family-Community Partnerships. Professional School Of Counseling, 8, 219 227.
[5]. Chang, M., Park, B., Singh, K., & Sung, Y.Y. (2009). Parental Involvement, Parenting Behaviors, And Children's Cognitive Development In Low-Income And Minority Families. Journal Of Research In Childhood Education, P.309. Retrieved July 30, 2010, From
Eric Database..

Abstract: The main objective of this study was to establish how the media portrays women leaders in Kenya, with a focus on the narratives of female politicians and newspaper articles. Specifically, the study investigated the frames used by media to cover prominent women leaders in Kenya and analyzed the consequences of the media framing of women leaders on their political and public leadership. To achieve the objectives, the study addressed three research questions; first, the experience of prominent women leaders with regard to media coverage, secondly, frames used by media to cover prominent women leaders in Kenya, lastly, the effect of media framing of women leaders in Kenya on their political and public leadership. The research adopted a qualitative research design. The study targeted women who have served at the national level in an appointive or representation position in two Kenyan presidential regimes of Uhuru Kenyatta or Mwai Kibaki. The theoretical foundation of the study is agenda setting and media framing. Data was collected by conducting key informant interviews, using open ended questionnaire.........

[1]. Abuoga, J. B. And Mutere, A. A. (1988) The History Of The Press In Kenya. Nairobi: ACCE
[2]. Ainslie, Rosalynde. (1966) The Press In Africa: Communications Past And Present. London: Victor Gollancz Ltd.,
[3]. AMWIK (2015) "86 And Counting: Women Leaders In Kenya‟s 11th Parliament‟ Association Of Media Women In Kenya (AMWIK)
[4]. Andersen, M.L., Logio, K.A. &Taylor H.F. (2005). Understanding Society: An Introductory Reader (2nd E.D.). Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth.
[5]. Atkeson, L.R. And T.B. Krebs, (2008) Press Coverage Of Mayoral Candidates: The Role Of Gender In News Reporting And Campaign Issue Speech. Political Research Quarterly. 61(2): P. 239-252...

Abstract: In Kenya, Over 3,100 Children Die Annually For Using Unsafe Water And Poor Sanitation. In The 2015/2016 Financial Year, Access To Water In Kenya Stood At 54% For Urban And 51% For Rural Areas. This Low Access To Water And Sanitation Services Could Be As A Result Of The Management Practices In The Water Services Providers. Previous Studies Have Revealed The Unsuccessful Attempts To Improve Access Of Water And Sanitation Services Through Privatization And Structural Reforms In The Water Sector.These Studies Did Not Assess How Management Practices Such As The Quality Management System Can Enhance Access To Water And Sanitation Services. The Objective Of The Study Was To Determine The Influence Of The Level Of Adherence To Quality...........

Keyword: Adherence, Quality Management System Standards, Access To Water And Sanitation Services, Water Service Providers

[1]. Anyango, D. M. O. &Wanjau, K. (2011).Assessment Of The Relationship Between ISO 9001 Certification And Performance Of Manufacturing Firms In Nairobi.Unpublished Master's Thesis. JKUAT, Kenya.
[2]. Asingo, P. O. (2005). Privatization Of Water In Kenyan Local Authorities: Governance And Policy Issues.Nairobi: IPAR.
[3]. Askarany, D., Yazdifar, H. (2012). Strategic Management Tools And OrganizationalPerformance.International Journal Of Management, 2 (4), 61‐73.
[4]. Bayati, A., &Taghavi, A. (2007).The Impacts Of Acquiring ISO 9000 Certification On The Performance Of Smes In Tehran.The TQM Magazine, 19(2), 140-149.
[5]. Bergman, B. O., & Bengt, K. (2010).Quality From Customer Needs To Customer Satisfaction.Lund:.

Abstract: Ulema are the successors of the Prophets, until the end of time we can not escape from the ulema‟s fatwa. The dynamic of Dayah Ulema‟s polygamy because of various factors, some Dayah ulema that takes polygamy is caused by various reasons. It is because Dayah ulema want to have many good children. Islam advocates to people to have many children, Prophet Muhammad also advocates His followers to have many children, The prophet loves good and quality people. Theory to have many children is practiced by Ulema, one of applicated theory is in polygamy because polygamy concept is the best concept to have many children by marrying the other women. People in Bireuen thought that polygamy can be done by Dayah ulema to preaching mission amar ma‟ruf nahi mungkar..

Keyword: ulema; dayah; society; Bireuen

[1]. Al-Qur‟an al-Karim
[2]. Ali "Awdah, Konkordansi Qur‟ān, Panduan dalam Mencari ayat Qur‟ān, Cet, II, (Jakarta: Lintera Antar Nusa, 1997).
[3]. Abdu Rahman Dahlan, Ushul Fiqh, (Jakarta: Amzah, 2010).
[4]. Abdul Halim Abu Syuqqah, Judul Asli Tahrīr al-Mar‟āh fi al-‟Ashr al-Risālah, Diterjemahkan oleh, As‟ad Yasin. Kebebasan Wanita, Cet, III, Jilid, V, (Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 2000).
[5]. Abdul Latif al-Khathib al-Madrīs Ahmad, Nufahāt "Alā Syarh al-Warqāt, Cet, I, (al-Haramayn,2006)..

Abstract: NHG-Local government linkage looks forward to bring about synergistic implementation of programmes in health, agriculture, micro enterprises, social justice and women empowerment. Local government considers the social network of NHGs as the most effective and the cost saving mechanism for making participatory planning process with utmost reliability. Its ground level network envisages decision making bodies more participatory. Kudumbasree implements poverty alleviation programme through NHG women and the latter are the best agents to explore the poor and report their needs to the LG. They conduct multilevel divergent programmes on behalf of the local body in health, sanitation, poverty reduction, child welfare and communication. The formation of NHGs facilitates integration with the plan objectives such as agricultural production, poverty reduction, social equity and women empowerment and eventually revamps the entire system of local governance.

Keyword: Area Development Society (ADS), Community Development Society (CDS), Local government (LG),Local planning, Neighbourhood Groups (NHGs)

[1]. L.Helling, R.Serrane and D. Warren, Linking Community, Empowerment, Decenralised Governance and Public Service Provision through Local Developement Framework. Discussion Paper(535). (World Bank 2005).
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[3]. T. Isaac, People‟s plan and neighbourhood group experience-lessons from experience Ayalkootasangamam (State Planning Board, Kerala 1999).
[4]. D Narayana, Participation of the Poor and Excluded in Local Governance: The Indian decentralsiation experience. in A. Vaidyanathan, & K. Krishna (Ed.), Institutions and markets in India's decentralisation, (Oxford University Press, New Delhi 2007) 360-393.
[5]. Government of Kerala. Report of the Committee for Evaluation of Decentralised Planning and Development.(Thrissur: KILA.2009).

Abstract: Global sustainability of water projects has been of great concern as fewer projects are being sustained. Among the strategies to address the challenge is water delivery system based on participatory approach and recognition of water as an economic good. Policy makers and development actors adopted a water supply policy based on community-managed model of service delivery which vests resource mobilization functions on project beneficiaries. This study sought to establish the influence of community participation on sustainability of community water projects in Nyeri, Kenya. The study adopted a mixed method research approach to carry out cross sectional, correlation and descriptive survey. The choice of mixed approach allowed for both descriptive and inferential methods in...........

[1]. Babbie, Earl (2003); Survey Research Methods. Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
[2]. Cornwall, A.(2009)'Beneficiary, Consumer, Citizen: Perspectives on Participation for Poverty Reduction. 'Sida Studies, pp 11.
[3]. Davis P and Iyer P (2002). "Taking Sustainable Rural Water Supply Services to Scale: A C Discussion Paper" Bank Netherlands Water Partnership – Water and Sanitation Program, December2002. Evaluation Department Working Paper Series 21096; World
[4]. Harvey P.A., Reed R.A. and Skinner B.H (2002). "Guidelines for Sustainable Hand pump Projects in Africa" Interim Report,
[5]. Harvey, P. A., & Reed, R. A. (2007). Community-managed water supplies in Africa: sustainable or dispensable? Community Development Journal, 42(3), 365..