IOSR-JHSS   Volume-26 ~ Issue-6 ~ june 2021

Abstract: Background: The study looked at the relationship between literacy environment and reading fluency. A correlation research design was adopted. The study was informed by Vygotsky's sociocultural theory.
Materials and Methods: The target population was class 4 pupils in public primary schools in Busia County, Kenya in 2018. Stratified, simple random and cluster sampling procedures were employed in the study. A sample of 388 pupils and 9 teachers were selected from seven public primary schools. Questionnaires and observation methods were used to collect data on the school and home literacy environment and a reading test measured pupils' reading fluency. Qualitative data was analysed using thematic analysis and quantitative data was analysed using linear regression analysis.
Results: The findings were that literacy....

Keywords: Literacy environment, aided reading, resources, reading fluency.

[1]. Ardoin, S.Williams, C. J, Klubnik, C. & McCall, M. (2009). Three versus six re readings of practice passages. Journal of Applied Behaviour Analysis, 42(2), 375-380.
[2]. Azuara, P. (2009). Literacy practices in a changing cultural context: The literacy development of two emergent Mayan-Spanish bilingual children. Unpublished dissertation, The University of Arizona, USA.
[3]. Baltar, A. M., da Mota, M. M. (2016). Perceived Home Literacy and Reading Performance among Adolescent Brazilian Students. Creative Education, 7, 2836-2844.
[4]. Blimpo, M. P., & Evans, D. K. (2011). School-based management and educational outcomes: Lessons from a randomized field experiment

Abstract: Background: Footpaths are expected to be used by the pedestrians to move from one place to another without vehicles. When these footpaths are encroached illegally by variety of people for various reasons, people have to use the roads to walk. This happens due to lack of space remains after the illegal encroachment of the pavements. The situation endangers the total traffic system. The city, Dhaka, has a well-connected footpaths throughout for the pedestrians although almost 108 kilometers out of 163 kilometers of footpaths have been heavily and illegally occupied by the hawkers to earn their livelihood. All of us know that occupying these footpaths for other uses than walking is illegal. Yet the hawkers are running their businesses very easily and sometimes they are found to be furious.....

Keywords: Footpath, Illegal transaction, Pedestrian, Hawkers, Encroachment, local politicians

[1]. Rahman M, Hasan M. Analysing the current situation of the Footpaths: A case study of Dhaka City. Jahangirnagar Journal of administrative studies. 2020:13:81-93.
[2]. Marisamynathan, Perumal V. Study on pedestrian crossing behavior at signalize intersections. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering. 2014:1(2):103-110.
[3]. Ren G, Zhou Z, Wang W, Zhang Y, Wang W. Crossing Behaviors of Pedestrians at Signalized Intersections: Observational Study and Survey in China. Transportation Research Record. 2011:2264(1):65-73.
[4]. The Largest Cities in the World by Population. 2020. Retrieved from <https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-10-largest-cities-in-the-world.html>
[5]. Government of Bangladesh. National Integrated Multimodal Transport Policy Dhaka. 2013.

Abstract: 1.1. Background: Today adolescents face some personal issues quite often since it happens to be the most difficult stage of their lives. Teens are subject to a variety of external and internal challenges during this phase such as Hormonal changes, puberty, social and parental forces, work, and school pressures, and so on are all aspects they must deal with. Many teenagers believe that they are misunderstood, their feelings and emotions must be supported, particularly if the affirmation comes from their parents. The fact is they should be capable enough to handle their struggle with adolescent growth issues with handled delicately with care and a well-mannered approach to address the concerns by all stakeholders, including parents, teachers, and elders. We wanted them to be aware of unspoken issues and expose them to certain questions to avoid making impulsive decisions during this period which will affect their future. Since many students.....

[1]. Amrita Viswa Vidapeetham. "A Study to Identify the Menstrual Problems and Related Practices among Adolescent Girls in Selected Higher Secondary School in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India." Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, vol. 11, no. 1, 2019, pp. 13-16. Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham Publications, https://www.jsafog.com/doi/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1642.
[2]. Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham. "Assessment of various risk factors of breast cancer." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 5, no. 4, 2013, pp. 675-678. Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham Publications, http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84888309823&partnerID=40&md5=0d989b570735cf3dce6c42b846576e98.
[3]. Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham. "Breast Cancer Risk Factors: Preventable and Non-Preventable." International Research Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 3, no. 10, 2012, pp. 1-5. Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham Publications, http://www.irjponline.com/admin/php/uploads/1416_pdf.pdf.
[4]. Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham. "Factors that influence first-career choice of undergraduate engineers in software services companies: A south Indian experience." Career Development International, vol. 15, no. 2, 2010, pp. 144-165. Amrita Viswa Vidyapeetham Publications, http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-

Abstract: Human rights overtime have settled in apparent congruence amongst mankind as fundamental to human existence. The overture expressed in the early pages of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 sets it out as a religion for which the human family has reaffirmed its faith as the foundation for freedom, justice and peace in the world. The vantage realization of these rights necessitated the deluge of policies at differentiated levels of governance. This paper propagates a clinical overview on the fundamental aspect of the fundamental human rights, having regards to the facts that fundamental rights are not all at the same pedestal. This work is replete with opinionated judicial and juridical allusions on the primacy of the right to life. It surveys the jurisprudence regarding the right to life as it features in different jurisdictions. Fundamentally, every State must attain the threshold that the protection of this right is in the public interest and must be treated with sacredness

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Abstract:Background: Positive mental health is the set of faculties that a healthy person has to face the adversities that occur in the daily event. The implementation of this concept in the worker allows a healthy coexistence with his co-workers, subordinates and superiors. To date, there are no bibliometric studies related to positive mental health. The objective of this study is to perform a bibliometric analysis based on the Scopus database from 1936 to 2020, in order to visualize the productive increase of scientific documentation; and from 2006 to 2020 to analyze the types of documents published, main sources of production, author and year, countries, most cited authors, key concepts and especially about positive mental.....

Key Word: Positive mental health, Bibliometric analysis, Scientific production

[1]. Bornmann L, Mutz R. Growth rates of modern science: a bibliometric analysis based on the number of publications and cited references. JASIST. 2015; 66(11): 2215–22.
[2]. Broadus RN. Toward a definition of "bibliometrics". Scientometrics. 1987; 12(5-6): 373-379
[3]. Okubo Y. Bibliometric Indicators and Analysis of Research Systems: Methods and Examples. Paris: OECD; 1997.
[4]. Halevi G, Moed H, Bar-Ilan J. Suitability of Google Scholar as a source of scientific information and as a source of data for scientific evaluation. Review of the literature. J. Informetr. 2017; 11(3): 823–34.
[5]. Strang R. Chapter VII: Technics and Instruments of Mental Hygiene. Rev. Educ. Res. 1936; 6(5): 524-36.

Abstract: A polarised society like that of the Vulnerable Tribal Groups suffer profound ineffective social capital as well as blocked pathways of upward mobility in the society. This leads to a vicious poverty trap. The inception of this pandemic has cost these PVTGs even more profound impact. As the lands inhabited by Indigenous Peoples from time immemorial are the only areas in India with healthy forests, rich biodiversity and other natural riches. Their very own ancestral lands are promulgated as the specific target of developing India's speedy economic development schemes.....

Keywords: Particularly vulnerable Tribal Groups, Indigenous Tribes, Labour Markets, Agriculture Productivity, Low Level Poverty Trap

[1]. Adhikari, P. P., Talukdar, S., & Borah, A. (2018). Ethnomedicobotanical study of indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants used for the treatment of reproductive problems in Nalbari district, Assam, India. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 210, 386– 407
[2]. Charlier, P., & Varison, L. (2020). Is COVID-19 being used as a weapon against indigenous peoples in Brazil? Lancet, 396(10257), 1069– 1070
[3]. Barbier, E., & Hochard, J. (2016). Poverty and the spatial distribution of rural population (Policy Research Working Paper, WPS 7101). Washington, DC: World Bank Group
[4]. Guha, R. (2007). Adivasis, naxalites and Indian democracy. Economic and Political Weekly, 42(32), 3305– 3312
[5]. Krishnakumar, M. V. (2008). The White man's burden: The colonial Andamans 1858 to 1947. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress, 69, 644– 652

Abstract: The literary devices are mainly the literary techniques and archetypal structures which are frequently applied and used by the authors in their literary works to put into words their messages in an uncomplicated approach to the readers which are vitally important for the readers to interpret, analyze, exemplify and above all, contextualize and conceptualize the texts of any literature of any author. In Khaled Hosseini's well-known and most celebrated novel The Kite Runner, the readers get the right of entry to explore many literary devices with a view to providing authentic argument, criticism and elucidation regarding that text as well. This article is indeed an endeavor to show and probe with appropriate analysis and interpretation how the literary techniques are relevantly used and contextually substantiated to different characters and events in the novel with proper unbiasedness and impartiality along with suitable cohesion and coherence to the text too.

KEYWORDS : symbolism, allusion, imagery, flashback, irony, metaphor, hyperbole, parallelism, point of view, language

[1]. Chen, Kai-fu. (2019). A Study of Amir's Psychological Change in The Kite Runner, English Language Teaching; Vol. 12, No. 5; 2019, Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education
[2]. Du, Juan. (2017). A Journey of Self-Actualization of Amir in The Kite Runner, English Language and Literature Studies; Vol. 7, No. 3; 2017 ISSN 1925-4768 E-ISSN 1925-4776 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education
[3]. Hosseini, Khaled (2003). The Kite Runner. Bloomsbury: London
[4]. Jefferess, David. (2009) 'To be Good (Again): The Kite Runner as Allegory of Global Ethics'. Journal of Postcolonial Writing. Okanagan: University of British Columbia, 389-400.
[5]. Praveen,T., (2011)The Kite Runner: The Role of Multicultural Function ,Research Journal of English Language and Literature (RJELAL) Vol.3.2.2015 (Apr-June)

Abstract: In the name of presenting and flourishing the Bangladeshi culture and cultural aspects, Adib Khan, the Diaspora writer, does the representation of Bangladeshi culture and cultural objects through Hegemony making binary according to the interest, desire and philosophy of the European and the Western people of his novel Spiral Road. The present research paper searches for pointing out the probable causes and reasons behind this representation and how the representation has been taken place in a hegemonized and binary way. When the narrator talks about the varied cultural issues of Bangladesh i.e., Family, Marriage, Religion, Morality and other related factors which.......

KEYWORDS : Culture, Representation, Family, Marriage, Morality, Religion, Second Generation and Hegemony

[1]. Akhter, Maswood (2013). Bangladesh Revisited: A Monograph of Adib Khan's Fiction
[2]. Barry, Peter (2002).Beginning Theory, Manchester University Press
[3]. Bertens, Hans (2001). Literary Theory: The Basics ,Routledge
[4]. Bhabha, Homi (1994). Locations of Culture. London: Routledge
[5]. Das, Kumar Bijay (2012).Twentieth Century Literary Criticism, Atlantic Publishers and Distributors (P) Ltd.

Abstract: This paper examines the use of infinitival nominal clauses in academic discourse by focusing particularly on their accompanying verbal heads – typically termed "controlling predicates" – and how they function in standardized research articles (RAs). Drawing on the evaluative potential of these linguistic devices, this study attempts to highlight the differences and similarities between the soft and hard domains of scientific knowledge in expressing stance. To this aim, a sample of 25 RAs equally taken from the disciplines of medicine and social psychology is analyzed and compared to depict the writers' general tendency in employing verbal predicates of nominal to-infinitives.......

Keywords: academic; research articles; infinitival nominal clauses; verbal predicates; stance.

[1]. Abdi. R. (2002). Interpersonal metadiscourse: an indicator of interaction and identity. Discourse Studies, 4(2), 139-145.
[2]. Adams, H., & Quintana-Toledo, E. (2013). Adverbial stance marking in the introduction and conclusion sections of legal research articles. Revista de Lingüística y Lenguas Aplicadas, 8, 13-22.
[3]. Aull, L., and Lancaster, Z. (2014). Linguistic markers of stance in early and advanced academic writing: A Corpus-based comparison. Written Communication 31(2), 151-183.
[4]. Becher, T. (1994). The significance of disciplinary differences. Studies in Higher Education, 19(2), 151-161
[5]. Behnam, B., Naeimi, A., & Darvishzade, A. (2012). A comparative genre analysis of hedging expressions in research articles: Is fuzziness forever wicked? English Language and Literature Studies, 2(2), 20-38.