IOSR-JHSS   Volume-26 ~ Issue-6 ~ june 2021

Abstract: The Strategic Defence Initiative (SDI) was a proposed missile defence system intended to protect the United States from attack by ballistic strategic nuclear weapons (Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles and Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles). The concept was first announced publicly by President Ronald Reagan on 23 March 1983. The Strategic Defence Initiative Organization (SDIO) was set up in 1984 within the United States Department of Defence to oversee development. Russia reacted by proposing 'Star Peace', while secretly pursuing ballistic missile defence programme.

Keywords: Strategic Defence Initiative, ballistic missile defence, Star Wars, Star Peace, Kremlin Reagan, Gorbachev

[1]. Becker, Vladimir, Star Wars or Star Peace (Allied Publishers, New Delhi,1988).
[2]. Brauch, Hans Gunter, ed., Star Wars and European Defence- Implications for Europe: Perceptions and Assessments (Macmillan, London,1987).
[3]. Bulkeley, Rip and Spinardi, Graham, Space weapons: deterrence or delusions? (Polity Press, Cambridge, 1986).
[4]. Chafunt, Alun, Star Wars: Suicide or Survival (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London,1985).
[5]. Declassified CIA document- CIA- RDP96-00788R001900680015-3(released on 10/09/2003).

Abstract: Communal conflict is a very serious hazard in Nigeria. Many people are losing their lives every day but it's not recognized as a disaster unlike the conventional hazards of floods, earthquakes and volcanoes. The study examined the risk assessment of communal conflicts in Rivers and Bayelsa States in Nigeria. The study employed cross-sectional and longitudinal research designs. A sample size of 400 for each State was determined through Taro Yamane formula for the questionnaire administration. Data collection was achieved through administration of questionnaires to the residents, and archived secondary data from the Nigeria Police and relevant State Ministries....

[1]. Abere, S.A & Ekeke, B.A., (2011). The Nigerian mangrove and wildlife development. Proceedings of the 1st International Technology, Education and Environment Conference (c) African Society for Scientific Research (ASSR). Co-Published By: Human Resource Management Academic Research Society 824.
[2]. Ajayi, A. T. (2014). Methods of Conflict Resolution in African Traditional Society
[3]. Alimba, N.C (2014). Probing the Dynamic of Communal Conflict in Northern Nigeria. Amangabara, G. T.Obenade, M. (2015). Flood Vulnerability Assessment of Niger Delta States Relative to 2012 Flood Disaster in Nigeria. An International Multidisciplinary Journal. Vol 8(1) pp177-204.
[4]. Dunmoye, R.A. (2013), General Survey of Conflicts in the Middle Belt Zone. In Africa Peace Review, Special Edition, Journal of Centre for Peace Research and Conflict, National War College, Abuja, Nigeria. 23-44.
[5]. Irobi, G. (2005), Ethnic Conflict Management in Africa: A comparative Case Study of Nigeria and South Africa, Conflict Research Consortium: University of Colorado.

Abstract: This paper is aimed at evaluating the challenges facing public private partnership modalities especially build operate transfer (BOT) in the provision of hostels accommodation in Nigeria. Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects (PPP) allows the private sector to build and operate infrastructure, which was implemented by the government in the past. This study quantitatively determined the challenges facing public private partnership modalities especially build operate transfer (BOT). Questionnaires were administered to Quantity Surveyors, Architects, Civil Engineers, Builders, and Contractors who have practiced and are still practicing in construction industry. The Seventy well completed questionnaire retrieved from the respondents formed the data that were analysed by the Relative Importance Index (RII). The study showed the shows the challenges facing public private partnership....

KEYWORD: Build, Operate, Transfer, Investigation, Hostel

[1]. Ministry of Finance (2016): What is difference between PPP and BOT? https://www.mof.gov.tw/eng/singlehtml/308?cntId=71709, Issued: Promotion of Private Participation, Release date: 2016-09-30 Last updated: 2019-05-01, Retrieved on Friday, June 11th ,2021.
[2]. Agbola S.B. (2007): "Housing and Health: A book of readings": Housing Development and Management, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Ibadan. Malijoe Softprint, Ibadan, Oyo state. pp 499-537
[3]. Ajetomobi, O.O. and Olanrewaju, S.B.O. (2018): Causes and Effects of Inadequate Facilities for Building Production in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (IOSR-JHSS), Volume 23, Issue 5, Ver. 8 pp. 85-89.e-ISSN:2279-0837. p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org
[4]. Muhammad, M Z, Dodo M, and Adamu Y M (2014): "Hostel Accommodation Procurement using Build Operate Transfer (BOT) in Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria" Proceedings' of the International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction (CIB) Conference 2014 (CIB) W107
[5]. AbdulAzeez, A D, Abdulhafeez I and Kado D (2015): "An Investigation into challenges of build operate transfer hostel provision in Nigerian tertiary institutions" Journal of Nigerian Institute of Building, 6(1):17-28.

Abstract: The status of women has undergone tremendous changes in the last few decades. Earlier, the number of women working in positions of power and authority was very less. Most of jobs done by women were concentrated in nursing, elementary school teaching and other traditional female occupations. Due to the spread of modern education in India families began expecting women not only to continue with higher education but also to pursue any career of their interest. As a result of which Indian women have entered into different profession which were previously considered male dominated. Woman are now employed in different professions like in aviation sector, in judiciary, doctors, engineers, military services or as a police officer which proves that modern day women establish their independent......

KEYWORDS: Police, Women Police, Role Conflict, work life balance, household work.

[1]. Aleem, S. (1991). Women Police and Social Change. New Delhi. Ashish Publication House.
[2]. Ali. H, M. and Hussain, S. (2005). Males Attitude Towards Females Education and Employment. Journal of Agricultural and Social Sciences, 1(3).
[3]. Dutt, D.N. (2000). Assam Police Through Years. Assam Police Headquarters.
[4]. Engles, F. (1942). The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State. Reprint. New York: International Publishers.
[5]. Ghose,S.K. (1981). Women in Policing, New Delhi: Life and Life Publisher

Abstract: Hindu persecution in Bangladesh is not new. Secularism remained a constitutional mandate only. In reality the living condition of the Hindu community in this country is not that much satisfactory. Persecution has become a common phenomenon. That is the reason why most of the Hindus here lives in a constant fear of violence. Political unrest, election and now even any false statement in social media results in violation towards that community. Their constitutional position, the Vested Property Law and the long communal history made them vulnerable to violence. This paper will examine the recent violence that inflicted on them. As the same time the paper thrives to find out the basic......

KEY WORDS: Hindu, violence, persecution, communalism, secularism.

[1]. Act XXX of 1988.
[2]. Ahmed, S. (2004). Bangladesh Past and Present. A.P.H Publishing Corporation
[3]. Ain O Shalis Kendro (ASK). (n.d.). Statistics on Human Right Violation. https://www.askbd.org/ask/statistics-on-human-rights-violations/
[4]. Anwar Hossain Manju Vs. Government of Bangladesh and Ors., 12BLC(2007)792.
[5]. Aroti Rani Paul vs. Sudarshan Kumar Paul 56 DLR (AD). (n.d.).

Abstract: Learning English in a Foreign Language (EFL) context is still a big challenge. The students of the investigated institution are not different in this issue. But the substantial development in acquiring Communicative Competence (CC) and Academic Superiority in English by the pupils who participated in Co-curricular Activities (CCAs) impulse to work on the study. CCAs like debate, speech, quiz, recitation, role play, writings in magazine help learners feeling confident in using the skills of English and thus eradicate their fear regarding using a foreign language like English. This study is comprised with qualitative research methodology and investigated the effect of CCAs in English language learning in an EFL context of a government college of Bangladesh. Besides, the study encompasses a small scale survey on ten respondents, divided into two groups, and individual recorded interviews that......

KEY WORDS: Co-curricular Activities, Communicative-Competence, Academic, Outcomes, Acquisition

[1]. Ahmad, M., Rahman, M. F., Ali, M., Rahman, F. N., & Al Azad, M. A. S. (2015). Effect of Extra Curricular Activity on Student's Academic Performance. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh, 11(2), 41-46.
[2]. Ajoke, A. R., Shapii, A. B., & Hassan, M. K. (2015). Co-curricular activities and achievement in language learning of secondary school students in Nigeria. ABAC Journal, 35(2), 18-31.
[3]. AKUTSU, S. Teaching Mediation Skills: First Steps Using a Bilingual Corpus Approach. GEN TEFL Journal 2018.
[4]. Aladjem, R., & Jou, B. (2016). Informal Language Learning in Authentic Setting, Using Mobile Devices and SNS. International Association for Development of the Information Society.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze: (1) the performance model of Mandarin teachers in private elementary schools which is built based on an associative causal relationship between exogenous and endogenous variables of teaching performance of Chinese teachers in private elementary schools in Medan City; (2) the influence of organizational culture on the innovative behavior of teachers; (3) the influence of interpersonal communication on the innovative behavior of teachers; (4) the influence of pedagogic competence on the innovative behavior of teachers; (5) the influence of organizational culture on teacher work motivation; (6) the influence of interpersonal communication on teacher work motivation; (7) the effect of pedagogic competence on teacher work motivation; (8) the influence of organizational culture on teacher performance; (9) the influence of interpersonal communication.....

KEYWORDS: Teacher performance, Organizational culture, Interpersonal communication, Pedagogic competence, Innovative behavior, Work motivation

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[3]. Amstrong, M. 2006. Performance Management-3rd Edition: Key Strategies and Practical Guidelines, Philadelpia: Kogan.
[4]. Arid, S. Umar, A. dan Pangaribuan TR. 2020. Theoretical Model of Language Faculty Lecturer Performance Improvement and Unimed Arts (Study of the Influence of Organizational Culture, Work Motivation, and Job Satisfaction on Lecturer Performance FBS Unimed).Budapest International Research and Critics In Linguistics and Education,2153-2168..