iosr-JECE   Volume-9 ~ Issue-2 ~ Mar-Apr 2014

Abstract:The known fact of wide impression of digitization on every aspect makes us refer to the artificial intelligence in lowering the difficulty of analyzing a medical image. Considering that the neural network applications in computer aided diagnosis represents the main stream of computational intelligence in medical imaging, it focuses on recent neural network developments. Keeping in mind the extremity of the requirement of how much perfectly it analyzes an image that well it can be justified, providing a clear view on the developments made by Mathematical morphology, back propagation neural networks in computer-aided detection, diagnosis and simulation describing number of applications. Representative techniques and algorithms are explained in detail illustrating how neural networks with fixed structure and training procedure could be applied to resolve a medical imaging problem followed by getting analyzed, processed and characterized by it. In the concluding section, an emphasis of comparisons among many neural network applications is included to provide the extent of neural computation in medical imaging.

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[4] Keserci B, Yoshida H. Computerized detection of pulmonary nodules in chest radiographs based on morphological features and wavelet snake model. Medical Image Analysis 2002;6(4):431–47.
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Abstract:Automatic image registration is still an actual chal- lenge in several fields. Although several methods for automatic image registration have been proposed in the last few years, it is still far from a broad use in several applications, such as in remote sensing. In this paper, a method for automatic image reg- istration through histogram-based image segmentation (HAIRIS) is proposed. This new approach mainly consists in combining several segmentations of the pair of images to be registered, according to a relaxation parameter on the histogram modes de- lineation (which itself is a new approach), followed by a consistent characterization of the extracted objects—through the objects area, ratio between the axis of the adjust ellipse.

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Abstract:This paper presents E-shape microstrip patch antenna with wideband wireless application. This shape will provide the broad bandwidth which is required in various application like remote sensing, biomedical application, mobile radio, satellite communication etc. The antenna design Probe feed technique is used in the experiment. Parametric study was included to determine affect of design towards the antenna performance. The performance of the designed antenna was analyzed in term of gain, return loss and radiation pattern. The design was optimized to meet the best possible result. The substrates FR4 and Duriod used in this have a dielectric constant of 4.4 and 2.2 respectively . The results show the wideband antenna is able to operate.

Index Terms: E-shape microstrip patch antenna, wideband.

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Abstract:Test and measurement instruments such as oscilloscopes and multimeters are the traditional hardware tools. Students in engineering curriculum, when exposed to these instruments, often come across a multitude of equipments such as voltmeters, ammeters, oscilloscopes and even simple things like calculator. Even after the touch screen based smart phone revolution, most of the engineering colleges in India continue the tradition of introducing the students to a decade old instruments. The aim is to design and develop a portable device called Super-Scope which is ALL-IN-ONE electronics lab equipment that has multiple functionalities needed by a modern day engineering student for their practical experiments in electronics and computer labs that would replace the existing plethora of instruments. The device is a fully operated from touch screen using touch buttons and menus.

Key words: Oscilloscopes, Multimeters, Super-Scope, Ammeters

[1]. J. d. J. Rangel-Magdaleno, J. R. Rivera-Guillen, R. d. J. Romero-Troncoso, and R. A. Osornio- Rios. (2011). FPGA-Matlab-based open core for three-time controllers in automatic control applications. Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ cae.20526.
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Abstract:The prevalence of high-definition (HD) cameras, televisions, Blu-Ray players, and DVD recorders means that almost all video content is now captured and recorded digitally and much of it in HD. MPEG-2, H.264/AVC, and VC-1 are the most popular codecs in use today, and these rely on decorrelating trans- forms, motion estimation, intra prediction, and variable-length entropy coding (VLC) to achieve good picture quality at high compression ratios . Alongside the need for efficient video compression, there is a critical requirement for error resilience, in particular in association with wireless networks which are characterized by highly dynamic variations in error rate and bandwidth .

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Abstract:Self-repairing digital system have recently emerged as the most promising alternative for fault-tolerant systems. However, such systems are still impractical in many cases, particularly due to the complex rerouting process that follows cell replacement. They lose efficiency when the circuit size increases, due to the extra hardware in addition to the functional circuit and the un utilization of normal operating hardware for fault recovery. Hence, the system inspired by endocrine cellular communication, that simplifies the rerouting process is proposed.

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Abstract:It is used to separate background from main structures in images, drawings, and paintaings .images consists of main structure and the texture. our new relative total variation method which will be presented in this paper is used to eliminate the complete texture based on different properties between the texture and structure. .By performing the no of iterations we can get the effective structure. This is also used to extracting the boundries of the image by varying the values of the different parameters. We propose new algorithm which capture the essential difference of these two types of visual forms, and develop an efficient optimization system to extract main structures. The new variation measures are validated on millions of sample patches. Our approach finds a number of new applications to manipulate, render, and reuse the immense number of "structure with texture" images and drawings that were traditionally difficult to be edited properly.,

Keywords: texture, structure, smoothing, total variation, relative total variation,

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Abstract:In this paper for improving the security of data transmission we are introducing triple key chaotic encryption technique .In addition to this authentication method based on secret sharing technique with a data repair capability is being introduced. Using Shamir secret sharing scheme shares arebeing created from the authentication signal generated for each block of document image alongwith the binarized block content As many shares as possible are generated by properly choosing the involved parameters.PNG image is formed by combiningalpha channel plane with original image.To yield atransparent stego image the computed share values are mapped in to a range of alpha channel values near to their maximum value of 255 during the embedding process.authentication of the document image can be changed by an intruder by superimposing ,painting or adding noise to the image.image is marked as tampered if there is a mismatch between the authentication signal of the current block and that extracted from the shares embedded in alpha channel plane.reparing of data is being done by applying reverse Shamir scheme by collecting shares from the unmarked block.

Keywords: Atuthentication,Secret sharing,Encryption

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Abstract:In order to have reliable communications, channel coding is often employed. Turbo code as a powerful coding technique has been widely studied and used in communication systems. Turbo code decoder algorithm is studied in details in this paper. The performance of Turbo code used in IS-2000 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) reverse or forward link under Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and slow fading channels is evaluated. The bit error rates (BER) of Turbo code at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are obtained by simulations. Index terms: IS-2000 CDMA, RSC encode, Interleaver, Output puncturing, Fading, AWGN channel, Rayleigh fading channel, Uncorrelated Rayleigh fading generator, Correlated Rayleigh fading generator

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Abstract: This paper discusses the design,construction,and simulation of a beat frequency oscillator metal detector. Over the years, it has become an important issue to limit, the entry of people into certain places with weapons or instruments of harm and destruction.in this paper is a design of an effective means of detecting dangerous weapons made of metal in order to reduce crime rate in the society. It uses the principle of electromagnetic induction and adopts a digital beat frequency technique. The system uses a search coil to detect metallic objects at a close range and gives a visual, auditory and vibratory indication once the metallic object is detected. The search coil forms part of an LC oscillation circuit. The activation frequency of the LC oscillator is primarily determined by the value of involved inductor and capacitor. In case an inductance is altered, the frequency does not remain the same by changing its value through the introduction of a metallic object.

Keywords: Metal;Detector; Oscillator; BFO; Frequency.,

[1] Carin, L.: (2001), Special Issue on Landmine and UXO Detection, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 39 No 6.
[2] Daniels, D.;(2001), Cespedes E.: Special Issue UXO and Mine Detection, Subsurface Sensing Technologies and Applications (SSTA), Vol. 2 Issue 3.
[3] Aubrey Lee Kozak, (2003), Underwater Metal Detection Using Video Image Processing Techniques to Determine Location, Thesis. Available from World Wide Web http://www.giscogeo.com/pages/giscomtl.html
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[5] MACDONALD, J., et al. Alternatives for landmine detection. [s.l.] RAND, (2004). 336s. Available from World Wide Webhttp://demining.jrc.it/aris/events/mine99/program/P155-160/MINE99PO.htm.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Face Reorganization Method for Cyber Security System in Financial Sector Using FPGA Implementation
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Mr. R. Vignesh Kumar, Mrs. T. Kanimozhi, T. Uma Mahesweri
	:	10.9790/2834-09216367

Abstract:Automated teller machines (ATMs) are well known devices typically used by individuals to carry out a variety of personal and business financial transactions and/or banking functions. ATMs have become very popular with the public for their availability and general user sociability. ATMs are now found in several locations having a regular or high volume of customer traffic. For instance, ATMs are typically found in restaurants, superstores, Convenience stores, shopping mall, schools, gas stations, hotels, work locations, banking centers, airports, entertaining establishments, transport facilities and a myriad of other locations. This has added new competences and features, though most of the time, the executions are registered and networking is not always possible. Yet there is an increasing demand for advanced banking, where appliances respond automatically to changing environmental conditions and can be easily controlled through one common device. This paper offerings a possible solution whereby the user controls devices by employing a central Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) controller to which the devices and sensors are interfaced. Control is transferred to the FPGA from a mobile phone through its GSM interface. ATMs are typically available to consumers on a continuous basis such that consumers have the ability to carry out their ATM financial transactions and/or banking functions at any time of the day and on any day of the week.
Keywords: FPGA, GSM, Face reorganization, SIM, ATM

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