iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2019

Abstract: Introduction-Type 2 diabetes mellitus has become a menace for India as well as the world. H. pylori infection is highly prevalent in developing countries. In India, studies report its prevalence in up to 88% of the adult population. H. Pylori may have metabolic consequences affecting obesity and diabetes by altering the energy homeostasis and metabolism. Objective-To determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with dyspepsia and to find out if there is any association between H. Pylori eradication and glycaemic status of the study subjects.....

Keywords Glycaemic status, H. Pylori infection, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

[1]. World Gastroenterology Organisation Global Guidelines: Helicobacter pylori in developing countries August 2010
[2]. Francois F, Roper J, Joseph N et al, The effect of H.pylori eradication on meal associated changes in plasms ghrelin and leptin. BMC Gastroenterol 2011;11:37
[3]. Leptin and Ghrelin in relation to H.pylori status in adult males.Roper J. Et al.Journal of Clinical Endocrinology And Metabolism.2008Jun 93(6);2350-7
[4]. Ghrelin in disease of Gastric Mucosa associated with chronic H.pylori infection.Zub Pokrowiecha et.al.Med.Sci.Monit.Oct 16910)CR 493-500
[5]. Impact of H.pylori infection on gastric and plasma ghrelin dynamics in humans. Ishimoto.H.et.al.Am.J.of Gastroenterology 2005 Ag 100(80:1711-20.

Abstract: Background: Speech and Language impairment in children have multifactorial aetiology.Among them, hearing problem plays an important role. Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA), which can assess Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential(BAEP), is an useful and objective screening tool toevaluate functional integrity of auditory pathway. Aims:The study was doneto observe changes of BAEP parameters in children with delayed speech and to assessauditory pathway involvement based on BERAfindings. Methods:This cross sectional study,done in Eastern region of India,included Twofifty children(n=250) with delayed speech and onetwenty normal children. The cases were divided into four groups according to age -Group 1(<1yr); Group 2(1-3yrs); Group3.......

Keywords: Children, Delayed speech, Auditory pathway, BERA

[1]. Psarommatis IM, Goritsa E, Douniadakis D, Tsakanikos M, Kontrogianni AD, Apostolopoulos N. Hearing loss in speech-language delayed children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2001 May 11;58(3):205-10.

[2]. Aminoff MJ. Electrodiagnosis in clinical neurology.4thedition, PartII, SanFrancisco: Churchill Livingstone;1999:451-491.
[3]. Ray R, Ghosh N. A demographic study of hearing loss among children below 5 yrs in a rural tertiary care hospital. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS).2018 August;17(8): PP 39-42. DOI: 10.9790/0853-1708113942.
[4]. Al-Kandari JM, Alshuaib WB, Joe M . BERA in children with hearing loss and delayed speech. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Jan-Feb;46(1):43-9.

[5]. Tomblin JB,Bruce J,Jacob J. Oleson, Ambrose SE, Walker E, Moeller MP. The Influence of Hearing Aids on the Speech and Language Development of Children With Hearing Loss.JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014 May 1; 140(5): 403–409. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2014.267.

Abstract: Introduction:Diabetes poses a major health problem globally and is one of the top five leading causes of death in most developed countries. A substantial body of evidence suggests that it could reach epidemic proportions particularly in developing and newly industrialized countries4.Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for both an excess incidence of and mortality from Stroke5. The first edition of Diabetes in America documented the strong association of diabetes with risk of stroke, especially strokes due to vascular disease and infarction. 6Aim:To study and compare the clinical profile of stroke with respect to age, sex, stroke type, stroke severity, prevalence of risk factors..........

[1]. Goldstein M, Barnett HJM, Orgogozo JM, Sartorius N.Recommendations on stroke prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Report of the WHO Task Force on stroke and other cerebrovascular disorders. Stroke1989;20:1407-31
[2]. Wade S. Smith, Claiborne Johnston, J Donald Easton, Denis L. Kasper.Harrison‟s Principle of internal medicine,19thEdn Vol.2, McGraw Hill Medical Publishing Division; 2017.
[3]. Maurice Victor, Allan Ropper H. Adams and Victors principles of neurology. 11thEdn. McGraw Hill Publishing Division, 2016:821-917.
[4]. King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH: Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care 1998; 21:1414-1131.
[5]. Turin T.C.; Okamura T.; ; Diabetes and lifetime risk of stroke and subtypes in an urban middle-aged population;Journal of Diabetes and its Complications (2017) 31:5 (831-835).May 2017.

Abstract: The study is undertaken to assess the respiratory health status of traffic policemen at Hapur,Uttar Pradesh. According to Nielsen et al, Traffic related air pollution due to vehicular exahaust is an occupational health hazard to individuals who work close to traffic(1).Traffic police personnel are posted at major traffic junctions through which maximum number of vehicles pass and they remain in this duty for years together allowing assimilating forces to act in conjunction and cause long term respiratory problems. The fumes, chemical and particles present in the emission are reported to be damaging to the lung functions of these individuals. In the long run the pollutants may produce respiratory disease diseases like asthma and bronchitis. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria Spirometry was done to access the lung function. Observed values of Pulmonary Function...

Keywords: PFT -Pulmonary function test, TP- traffic policemen, RF- respiratory function, RI- respiratory illness

[1]. Nielsen O R , Nielsen M L , Gehi J . Traffic – related air pollution : Exposure and health effects in Copenhagen street cleaners and cementery workers . Arch Environ Health 1995 ; 50 (3) :207-13 .
[2]. Krzyzanowski M, Cohen A. Update of WHO air quality guidelines. Air QualAtmos Health. 2008;1:7-13.doi:10.1007/s11869-008-0008-9.
[3]. English P, Neutra R, Scalf R, Sullivan M, Waller L, Zhu L. Examining association between childhood asthma and traffic flow using geographic information system. Environ Health Perspect 1999; 107: 761-7.
[4]. Chattopadhyay BP, Alam J, Roychowdhury A. Pulmonary function abnormalities associated with exposure to automobile exhaust in a diesel bus garage and roads. Lung 2003; 181: 291-302.
[5]. Sydbom A, Blomberg A, Parnia S, Stenfors N, Sandstorm T, Dahlen SE. Health effects of diesel exhaust emissions. Eur Respir J 2001; 17: 733-46...

Abstract: An increase in cardiovascular risk following menopause is well known, but studies evaluating the efficacy of the role of exercise in decreasing this risk in Indian women is lacking. This study was undertaken on 158 pre and postmenopausal womento observe the effects of exercise and Yoga on them, and analyse the role of exercise on decreasing obesity and cardiovascular changesonthe menopausal women. A large population of the premenopausal overweight women with high abdominal obesity do not exercise, while the postmenopausal women who perform Yoga regularly, recorded less WC and WHR values, establishing the role of Yoga in reducing abdominal fat.All the exercising women recorded significantly reducedResting Heart rate, indicating a beneficial effect of reduced mortality risk. Blood pressure was found significantly reduced in women who performed Yoga........

Key Word: BMI, coronary ischemia, ECG, Waist Circumference, Yoga

[1]. J.Loscalzo, Approach to the Patient with Possible Cardivascular Disease, in D.L. Kasper, A.S. Fauci, S.L. Hauser, Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19 (New York: Mc Graw Hill Education, 2015) 1439-41.
[2]. N. Panay, Menopause and the postmenopausal woman, in D.K.Edmonds, Dewhurst's Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 7 (Massachusetts, USA: Blackwell Publishing, 2007) 479-95.
[3]. ZachariahG, Alex AG, Exercise for prevention of cardiovascular disease: Evidence-based recommendations, Journal of Clinical and Preventive Cardiology, 6(3), 2017, 109-14.
[4]. Myers J, Exercise and Cardiovascular Health, Circulation, 107, 2003, e2–e5
[5]. Glassberg H, Balady GJ, Exercise and heart disease in women: why, how, and how much? Cardiol Rev., 7(5), 1999, 301-8..

Abstract: Cerebral aneurysms with a prevalence of 0.5-5% are common vascular anomalies of intracranial arteries. Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm is the commonest cause of non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage. The principle aim of this study is to compare MRA at 3T with 3D-DSA, the reference standard, in detection and characterization of intracranial aneurysms and help determine the accurate therapy. Materials and methods: In our study, 85 patients with clinical suspicion of cerebral aneurysm underwent MRA at 3T. Three sequences of MRA.....

Key Words: Magnetic Resonance Angiography, TOF: Time Of Flight, PC: Phase contrast,DSA: Digital subtraction angiography

[1]. Jayaraman MV, Mayo-Smith WW, Tung GA, Haas RA, Rogg JM, Mehta NR, et al. Detection of intracranial aneurysms: multidetector row CT angiography compared with DSA. Radiology 2004; 230:510-8. Epub 2003 Dec 29.
[2]. Brisman JL, Soliman E, Kader A, Perez N. Cerebral aneurysm [Internet]. 2009. [cited 2009 May 22]. Available from: http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3468.htm
[3]. Tang PH, Hui F, Sitoh YY. Intracranial aneurysm detection with 3T magnetic rasonance angiography. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2007; 36:388-93.
[4]. Suarez JI, Tarr RW, Selman WR. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:387-96.
[5]. Burns JD, Huston J, Layton KF, Piepgras DG, Brown RD. Intracranial aneurysm enlargemant on serial magnetic resonance angiography. Stroke 2009; 40:406-11. Epub 2008 Nov 20.
[5]. WHO report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008 – The MPOWER package.

Abstract: Background and Aims :Total intravenous anaesthesia( TIVA) and Balanced Anaesthesia are used widely in most of theoperations The aim of our study was to compare the recovery characteristics, haemodynamic changes and any untoward effects between two groups i.e. TIVA using Propofol plus fentanyland Balanced anaesthesia using propofol and isoflurane in day care surgeries. Material and methods : This randomized study was undertaken on sixty ASA grade I and II patients of 20 -60 years age, of either sex, weighing 40 -70 kg , divided into two groups of thirty each. Group I patients were induced with propofol 2.5 mg/kg plus fentanyl 3 μ gm/kg. The airway was maintained with 100% oxygen by facemask with continuous propofol infusion
Group II Induction was done with propofol.....

Keywords: Propofol, Balanced anaesthesia, TIVA, Isoflurane, Day care surgery

[1]. Vuyk J, Mertens MJ, Olofsen E, Burm AG, Bovill JG. Propofol anaesthesia and rational opioid selection. Determination of optimal EC50-EC95 propofol-opioid concentrations that assure adequate anesthesia and a rapid return of consciousness. Anesthesiology 1997; 87: 1549-62.
[2]. Waters RM: The downtown anesthesia clinic. Am J Surg 1919; 33:71.
[3]. Logan M, Farmer SG. Anesthesia and the ozone layer. BrJ Anaesth 1989;63:645-7.
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[5]. Rowbotham D.J., Peacock J.E., Jones R.M., Speedy H.M., Sneyd J.R., Morries R.W., Nolan J.P., Jolliefe, Lang G. Comparison of remifentanil in combination with isoflurane or propofol for short-stay surgical procedures. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1998; 80: 752-755..

Abstract: The development and progression of periapical lesions are associated with the presence of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Immature teeth with apical periodontitis complicate this problem. A combination of antibiotic drugs (metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline) is used to eliminate target bacteria, which are the possible sources of endodontic lesions. These case reports describe the treatment of immature teeth with large periradicular lesions using triple antibiotic paste. The follow-up radiograph of both cases showed progressive healing of periradicular lesions and root formation which confirmed the effectiveness of triple antibiotic paste in treatment of immature apical periodontitis.

Key Words: Triple antibiotic paste, immature teeth, apical periodontitis, apical barrier technique and apical revascularization

[1]. Trope M. Treatment of the Immature Tooth with a Non-Vital Pulp and Apical Periodontitis. Dent Clin N Am. 2010;54(2):313-24.
[2]. Thibodeau B, Trope M. Pulp revascularization of a necrotic infected immature permanent tooth: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Dent. 2007;29:47.
[3]. Siqueira JF Jr, Guimarães-Pinto T, Rôças IN. Effects of chemomechanical preparation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide on cultivable bacteria in infected root canals. J Endod. 2007;33(7):800-5.
[4]. Hülsmann M, Hahn W. Complications during root canal irrigation—literature review and case reports. Int Endod J. 2000;33(3):186-93.
[5]. Trope M. Regenerative potential of dental pulp. J Endod;2008;34:513-17..

Abstract: Cleft lip and palate are the most common facial deformity. It may involve lip only, lip and palate and palate only. The main reasons of clefting in infants may be either environmental (such as smoking, alcohol, poor nutrition) or genetic factors (such as familial factors and chromosomes). A number of specialists involves in treatment of clefting and decides the best treatment plan depending on the site of defect and age of the infant.

KEYWORDS: Cleft Lip &cleft palate, etiology, treatment.

[1]. Muhamad AH, Azzaldeen A (2012) Genetic of Non-syndromic Cleft Lip and Palate. 1:510.doi:10.4172/scientificreports.510
[2]. Muhamad Abu-Hussein , Nezar Watted , Viktória Hegedűs , Péter Borbély Abdulgani Azzaldeen (2015);Human Genetic Factors In Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip And Palate: An Update International Journal Of Maxillofacial Research 1,3,7-23
[3]. Abu-Hussein M.; Cleft Lip and Palate – Etiological Factors. Dent. Med. Probl. 2012, 49, 2, 149–156
[4]. Abu-Hussein M.; Cleft lips and palate ;the roles of specialists, Minerva Pediatr. 2011 .63(3):227-32.
[5]. Abu-Hussein Muhamad, Abdulgani Azzaldeen and Nizar Watted; CLEFT LIP AND PALATE; A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences 2014 Vol. 4 (1), 338-355.

Abstract: Introduction:. At present FNAC of the thyroid is considered by many as first line procedure and it is fully accepted in the diagnostic work up of patients in conjunction withtraditional methods. FNAC is widely accepted the most accurate, non-invasive, sensitive, specific and cost effective diagnostic procedure in the assessment of thyroid nodules andhelps to select people pre operatively for surgery.The main purpose of FNAC thyroid is to distinguish patients with malignantnodules and those with benign nodules. It is the procedure of choice in the initialscreening of thyroid nodules. A prospective work aimed to study the spectrum of cytological features of thyroidlesions in patients with thyroid.....

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Abstract: This study investigated the effect of vitamin E on serum liver enzymes and bilirubin concentrations of male Wistar rats treated with tramadol on the background that tramadol is widely abused and has been reported to cause oxidative damage to the liver. Twenty male Wistar rats (180-200g) were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each: Control (0.2mL olive oil as vehicle), tramadol-treated group (Tra) (20mg/kg of tramadol), vitamin E-treated group (Vit E) (100mg/kg of vitamin E) and tramadol+vitamin E-treated group (Tra+Vit E) (received tramadol and vitamin E). Drugs were administered orally, once daily for twenty-eight days after which the rats were sacrificed and blood samples collected and used for measurement of serum concentrations of liver enzymes........

Keywords : Bilirubin, Liver enzymes, Tramadol, Vitamin E, Wistar rats

[1]. A.O. Abdel-Zaher, M.S. Abdel-Rahman, F.M Elwasei, Protective effect of Nigella sativa oil against tramadol-induced tolerance and dependence in mice: role of nitric oxide and oxidative stress, Neurotoxicology 32(6), 2011, 725-733. [2]. A. Elkhateeb, I. El Khishin, O. Megahed, F. Mazen, Effect of Nigella sativa Linn oil on tramadol-induced hepato-and nephrotoxicity in adult male albino rats, Toxicol Rep, 2, 2015, 512-519.
[3]. E.A. Salem, S.K. Wilson, N.K. Bissada, J.R. Delk, W.J. Hellstrom, M.A. Cleves, Tramadol HCl has promise in on-demand use to treat premature ejaculation, Journal of Sexual Medicine, 5, 2008, 188-193.
[4]. V.U. Nna, U.P. Akpan, V.E. Okon, I.J. Atangwho, Hepatotoxicity following separate administration of two phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (sildenafil & tadalafil) and opioid (tramadol); evaluation of possible reversal following their withdrawal, J App Pharm Sci, 5(8), 2015, 105-113.

[5]. H.B. Osadolor, J.A. Omo-Erhabor, Effects of tramadol on fertility hormones (follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, testosterone, estrogen and β-HCG) in laboratory rabbits. British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research, 14(8), 2016, 1-11..