iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2019

Abstract: Introduction Stroke is a leading public health problem, it is second to heart disease as a worldwide cause of death and a leading cause of long term disability. The treatment of patients with ischaemic stroke is still not very effective and prevention of stroke is a better option. The incidence of stroke can be reduced by adequate control of risk factors. This study intends to the assess the most common risk factors in patients with ischaemic stroke and their prognosis. It aims to help in treating these risk factors to reduce the incidence of stroke in the population. Methods: 130 patients with ischaemic stroke who met the inclusion criteria were evaluated with a comprehensive clinical history and detailed physical examination and relevant investigations. Their prognosis during the hospital stay was also determined........

[1]. Harold P Adams, John W Norris. Ischemic cerebrovascular disease, CNS Series 2003; 1-46.
[2]. Feigin VL, Wiebers DO, Nikitin YP, O'Fallon WM, Whisnant JP. Risk factors for ischemic stroke in a Russian community : a population based casecontrol Study. Stroke 1998; 29: 34-39.
[3]. P.M. Dalal. Cerebrovascular Disorders, API Textbook of Medicine, 7th Edition, Association of Physician of India, 2003; 796-798.
[4]. Bansal BC. Recent concepts in stroke. Medicine update. Association of Physician of India, 1999; 87-88.
[5]. R. Sridharan. Risk factors for ischemic stroke : A case control analysis.Neuroepiemiology 1992; 11:

Abstract: Filariasis is major public health problem in many tropical countries as well as in state of India including west Bengal. It is considered as neglected tropical disease (NTD). In India 45 million people are estimated to be victims of this disease. The national health policy had aimed at eliminating filariasis by 2015. The deadline was extended to 2017 and now has been shifted to 2020. In India, Filariasis is mainly caused by Wuchereriabancrofti (99.4%). Brugiyamalayi is responsible for the rest (0.6%). Filariasis is transmitted by bite of mosquito (Culexquinquefasciatus). Persons with filariasis have microfilaria in their blood; remain healthy but infectious whereas in chronic filariasis there is swelling of limbs, testicles due to lymphangitis, lymphadenitis and lymphoedema. In order to interrupt transmission of filariasis, endemic area is mapped and preventive chemotherapy in form of mass drug administration is implemented.........

Keywords: Microfilaria, Mass Drug Administration, Peripheral blood smear

[1]. Dayal MS. Health progress i994-95: Achievements have been significant. Swasth Hind. 1995; 39:102.

[2]. 2.Sabesan S, Palaniyandi M, Das PK, Michael E. Mapping of lymphatic filariasis in India. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2000; 94:591-606.

[3]. Sabesan S, Pradeep Kumar N, Rajendran G, Krishnamoorthy K. The Cherthala Project: Control of brugianfilariasis through integrated methods. Misc Pub VCRC 2000; 2:1-23.

[4]. Panicker KN, Krishnamoorthy K, Sabesan S, Prathiba J, Abidha. Comparison of effects of mass annual and biannual single dose therapy with diethylcarbamazine for the control of Malayan filariasis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1991; 22:402-11.

[5]. World Health Organisation. Lymphatic filariasis: The disease and its control. Tech Rep Ser. Geneva; 6. Gyapong JO, Badu JK, Adjeis, Binka FN. Bancroftianfilariasis in the KassenaNankana district of the upper east region of Ghana: a preliminary study. J Trop Med Hyg. 1993;96:317–322..

Abstract: Varicose veins affect up to 25% of women and 15% of men in the western world3 and incidence is apparently low in India.4 Male preponderance was observed with male to female ratio 14:1 in Indian scenario.5 Sclerotherapy involves the injection of a sclerosing agent directly into the superficial veins. The most commonly used is sodium tetradecyl sulphate. The direct contact with detergent causes cellular death and initiates an inflammatory response, aiming to result in thrombosis, fibrosis and obliteration (sclerosis). Blood deactivates the action of the sclerosing agent and the doses administered need to be limited to avoid adverse effects, causing a trade-off between poor efficacy and safety.11In this study outcomes of non usg guided injection sclerotherapy were studied and analyzed.........

[1]. Burkitt DP. Varicose veins, deep vein thrombosis, and haemorrhoids: epidemiology and suggested aetiology. Br Med J. 1972;2:556.
[2]. Brand FN, Dannenberg AL, Abbott RD, et al. The epidemiology of varicose veins: the Framingham Study. Am J Prev Med. 1988;4:96
[3]. Callam MJ., Epidemiology of varicose veins. Br J Surg1994;81: 167–173.
[4]. Deodhar SD. Varicose veins. Indian J Med Sci. 1963;19:431.Shankar KH. Clinical study of varicose veins of lower limbs. IntSurg J 2017;4:633-6.
[5]. Shankar KH.,Clinical study of Varicose veins of lower limbs, Int Surg J. 2017 Feb;4(2):633-636.

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the CD1a positive Langerhans Cells between lichen planus, non- autoimmune inflammatory reactions, and normal oral mucosa in order to understand and differentiate the pathogenic mechanisms between autoimmune and non-autoimmune inflammatory conditions. Methodology: The study group I comprised of histologically confirmed Lichen planus (n=20) and group II comprised of histologically confirmed chronic inflammatory hyperplasia of gingiva (n=20). The control group consisted of clinically appearing normal mucosa (n=10). Sections of 3 μm were cut from paraffin-embedded blocks. The immunohistochemical procedure was done using antiCD1a antibody. The total number of CD1a positive cells in the study and control groups were evaluated by counting three high power fields per lesional tissue.............

Keywords:Lichen planus, gingivitis, Langerhans cell, Antigen Presenting cell, CD1a

[1]. Warnakulasurya S, Johnson NW, Van der Waal I. Nomenclature and classification of potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa. J Oral Pathol Med 2007; 36: 575-80
[2]. Laeijendecker R, Van Joost T, Tank B, Oranje AP, Neumann HA. Oral lichen planus in childhood. Paediatr Dermatol 2005; 22: 299-304
[3]. Ingafou M, Leao JC, Porter SR, Scully C. Oral lichen planus: A retrospective study of 690 British patients. Oral Dis 2006; 12: 463-68
[4]. Scully C, El-Kom M. Lichen planus: review and update on pathogenesis. J Oral Pathol 1985; 14: 431-58
[5]. Porter SR, Kirby A, Olsen I, Barrett W. Immunologic aspects of dermal and oral lichen planus: a review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1997; 83: 358-366

Abstract: Introduction- Skin diseases are a major health problem affecting a high proportion of the population in India.Skin diseases can place a heavy emotional and psychological burden on patients that may be far worse than the physical impact. Material and Methods-This study was conducted in Dr D.Y. Patil Medical college, from July 2012 to September 2014, included 200 adolescents, 13 to 19 years of age, whose history, precipitating factors and morphology was taken into consideration. Result- Amongst the various physiological changes, acne was seen in 53(26.5%) patients. Hair loss was the next most common problem, which is very much global in nature. Amongst all the pathological disorders found, infections were seen in (40;20%) of our study patients......

Key Word: Skin Diseases, Teenagers, Eastern India

[1]. Abolfotouh MA, Bahamdan K. Skin disorders among blind and deaf male students in Southwestern Saudi Arabia. Ann Saudi Med. 2000;20:161–4. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[2]. Ayer J, Burrows N. Acne: More than skin deep. Postgrad Med J. 2006;82:500–6. [PMC free article][PubMed] [Google Scholar] [3]. Bajaj DR, Devrajani BR, Ghouri RA, Matlani BL. Pattern of skin disorders among adolescent female students at Hyderabad, Sindh. J Pak Assoc Derma. 2009;19:79–85. [Google Scholar]

[4]. Dunwell P, Rose A. Study of the skin disease spectrum occurring in an Afro-Caribbean population. Int J Dermatol. 2003;42:287–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

[5]. Obasi OE, Naguib M. Dermatitis artefacta: A review of 14 cases. Ann Saudi Med. 1999;19:223–7.[PubMed] [Google Scholar..

Abstract: Discolouration of the teeth is one of the major reasons for dental visit especially in younger age groups. Different treatment options are available for the management of discolouration. Bleaching is one of the conservative treatment options for discolored tooth.McInnes solution is economic and a conservative treatment option for discoloration. This Case series describe successful management of discolored teeth using McInnes solution as the treatment modality.

Key Words: bleaching, discoloration,McInnes solution

[1]. Walton RE, Rotstein I. Bleaching discolored teeth: Internal and external. In: Walton RE, Torabinejad M, editors. Principles and practice of endodontics. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1996. p. 385.
[2]. .Rotstein I. Bleachingnonvital and vital discolored teeth. In: Cohen S, Burns RC, editors. Pathways of the pulp. 7th ed St. Louis: CV Mosby; 1998. p. 674.

[3]. Edward J. Swift ,Harold O. Heymann Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry 4.The effect of polishing &bleaching on the color of discolored teeth in vivo. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 2001;28(11):1080-84.Jihua. Decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide bleaching agents under various chemical & physical conditions. Journal of Prosthet Dent.1993;69:46-48

[4]. SadasivaKadandale*, Sriram K**, VijikarthikaiBalan .McInnes solution - The Forgotten Entity for Fluorosis Stains Chettinad Health City Medical Journal 2014; 3(3): 139 – 140

[5]. B Suresh Chandra,VGopiKrishna, Grossman's Endodontic practice, Bleaching of discolored teeth, Twelfth edition 2010,Wolter kluwer health(India),345

Abstract: Abdominal Ultra-sonography is playing a major role to diagnose patients referred from outpatient clinics, inpatient, and Emergency department. In recent decades, ultrasound modality became a corner stone in diagnosis of many acute or chronic abdominal diseases such as infections, inflammations, stones, and obstructions. The use of ultra-sonography as first choice by doctors all over the world became standard procedure. In routine abdominal ultrasound patient preparation such as fasting for 8 hours and having light meal the night before the exam is a common practice to avoid digestive motility and gases which are considered as the main causes of artifacts and image quality degradation.....

Key Words: pancreas head, neck, body, male, female, active charcoal, improve

[1]. Wilson. S, Burns. P, Wilkinson. L, Simpson. D, Muradali. D. Gas at Abdominal US: Appearance, Relevance, and Analysis of Artifacts. Radiology. [Internet]. 1999 Jan [cited 2017 Oct 16]; 210 (1) . Available from: http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/radiology.210.1.r99ja12113

[2]. Abraczinskas. D, Goldfinger. S. 2013. Intestinal Gas and Bloating. UpToDate. Topic 2607 Version 7. Available: http://ultramedica.net/Uptodate21.6/contents/UTD.htm?24/18/24872?source=related_link#H23 [Accessed 13.01.2018]

[3]. Hendrickson. R, Kusin. S. 2013. Gastrointestinal Decontamination of Poisoned Adults. UpToDate. Topic 321 Version 10. Available: http://ultramedica.net/Uptodate21.6/contents/UTD.htm?15/58/16297?source=see_link [Accessed 13.01.2018]
[4]. Jain. N, Patel. V, Pitchumoni. C. Efficacy of Activated Charcoal in Reducing Intestinal Gas: A Double--Blind Clinical Trial. American Journal of Gastroenterology. [Internet]. 1986 Jul [cited 2017 Oct 21]; 81 (7): 532-535. Available from: https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3521259
[5]. Marsico.M, Gabbani. T, Casseri. T, Biagini. M. Factors Predictive of Improved Abdominal Ultrasound Visualization after Oral Administration of Simethicone. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology [Internet]. 2016 Dec [cited 2017 Oct 16]; 42 (11): 2532-2537. Available from: http:// sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301562916301557

Abstract: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is frequently used for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic, biliary tract, and pancreatic disorders. However, failure during cannulation necessitates other interventions. The aim of this study was to establish parameters that can be used to predict failure during ERCP. A total of 783 ERCP procedures performed on 688 patients, between January 2016 and May 2018, were retrospectively evaluated. The age of the patients ranged between 22 and 74 years, and the mean age was estimated to be 45.4 years. The reasons for performing the ERCP procedure were for jaundice in 60%, abdominal pain in 30 %, others in 10%. Cholangitis was seen in 40% of patients. Cannulation, which is considered to be an indicator of a successful procedure, was possible in 88% patients. A diverticulum was detected in 11% patients. A precut.........

[1]. Classen M &Demling L. EndoskopischeSphinkterotomie der Papilla Vateri und Stein Extraction ausdem Ductus Choledochus. Deutsche MedizinischeWochenschrift - DEUT MED WOCHENSCHR. 1974; 99: 496-497.
[2]. Blumgart LH, Surgery of the liver, biliary tract and pancreas. 2000. 4Ed. Vol.1.
[3]. Cotton PB, Chung SC, Davis WZ, Gibson RM, Ransohoff DF, Strasberg SM. Issues in cholecystectomy and management of duct stones. Am J Gastroenterol. 1994; 89(8 Suppl): S169-76.
[4]. Rochester JS, Jaffe DL. Minimizing complications in endoscopic retrogradecholangiopancreatography and sphincterotomy. GastrointestEndoscClin N Am. 2007; 17(1):105-27
[5]. Fukatsu H, Kawamoto H, Kato H, Hirao K, Kurihara N, Nakanishi T, Mizuno O, Okamoto Y, Ogawa T, Ishida E, Okada H, Sakaguchi K. Evaluation of needle-knife precut papillotomy after unsuccessful biliary cannulation, especially with regard to postoperative anatomic factors. SurgEndosc. 2008; 22(3): 717-23.

Abstract: Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction is a partial or intermittent total blockage of the flow of urine that occurs where the ureter enters the kidney. The etiology of UPJ obstruction includes both congenital and acquired conditions. UPJ obstruction is the most common pathologic cause of antenatally detected hydronephrosis, generally manifested by back pain, renal colic and urinary tract infection.1 The gold standard treatment of this pathology is Anderson-Hynes dismembered pyeloplasty, traditionally performed in a conventional open procedure, with success rates over 90% (2). Laparoscopic pyeloplasty can be performed by either trans or retroperitoneal approach.Our study enrolled fifty patients between 6 months to 3 years for a period of 10 years from 2009.......

[1]. Inagaki T, Rha KH, Ong AM, Kavoussi LR, Jarrett TW: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty: current status. BJU Int. 2005; 95(Suppl 2): 102-5.
[2]. Persky L, Krause JR, Boltuch RL: Initial complications and late results in dismembered pyeloplasty. J Urol. 1977; 118: 162-5.
[3]. Motola JA, Badlani GH, Smith AD: Results of 212 consecutive endopyelotomies: an 8-year followup. J Urol. 1993; 149: 453-6.
[4]. Nadler RB, Rao GS, Pearle MS, Nakada SY, Clayman RV: Acucise endopyelotomy: assessment of long-term durability. J Urol. 1996; 156: 1094-7; discussion 1097-8.
[5]. Janetschek G, Peschel R, Frauscher F: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Urol Clin North Am. 2000; 27: 695-704. Erratum in: Urol Clin North Am. 2001; 28: xi. Franscher F [corrected to Frauscher F].

Abstract: Aim of study: To find out pattern of arterial involvement in cases of Ischemic Heart Disease . Materials and methods: Angiography report of 225 patients was studied to find out spectrum of coronary artery involvement . Data obtained was analyzed to draw inferences and conclusion . Observations : Out of 225 patients , 58 had single vessel involvement , 47 had double vessel involvement while 76 had triple vessel involvement. 25 patients had angiographic finding suggestive of nonobstructive coronary artery disease ( CAD) , while 19 presented with angiographically normal coronaries . Discussion and conclusion: Triple vessel involvement of coronary arterial system was most common finding followed by single vessel involvement . Left anterior descending artery was most frequently affected vessel followed by right coronary artery. Left main coronary artery involvement is almost always associated with multi vessel disease and more severe disease spectrum......

Keywords: Coronary angiography, double vessel disease , nonobstructive coronary artery disease , single vessel disease , triple vessel disease.

[1]. Jameson J et al , Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine ; 20( USA : McGraw Hills Education , 2018 ) 1850 – 1852 .
[2]. Mann D L et al , Braunwald's Heart Disease A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine ; 10( India : Saunders , 2015 ) 404 .
[3]. M Moscucci , Grossman and Bain's Cardiac Catheterization , Angiography and Intervention , 8( China : Lippincott Williams and Wilkins ,2014 ) 314 – 322 .
[4]. Peng L et al , Impact of Right Coronary Dominance on Triple Vessel Coronary Artery Disease , A cross sectional study , Medicine . 2018 ; 97:32(e11685).
[5]. R J Weiss et al , Prediction of single versus Multivessel Disease following M I using 201Thallium Scintigraphy and ECG Stress Testing , Clin. Cardiol. ,1983 ; 6: 519-526..

Abstract: To assess the level of knowledge on factors of congenital heart diseaseamong Paediatricdoctors of some selected hospitals in Dhaka City this descriptive cross sectional study was done. The study was a descriptive type of cross sectional study place was Anwar Khan Modern Medical College Hospital and Dhaka Medical College Hospital 103Paediatric doctors who passed M.B.B.S Examination recently and who can participate willingly were included. About 60% (59.2%) respondents were below 25 years, 42(40.8%) of respondents were between 26-30 years. The mean age of respondent was 25.28±0.94 years, minimum 23 and maximum age 28 years. Out of 103 Paediatric doctors, 48(46.6%) were male and 55(53.4%) were female. Most of the respondents 205(85.4%)......

Keywords: CHD, Discoloration of skin, HTN, Congenital heart disease

[1]. Aamir T, Kruse L, Ezeakudo O. Delayed diagnosis of critical congenital cardiovascular malformations (CCVM) and pulse oximetry screening of newborns. Acta Paediatr 2007; 96:1146-49.
[2]. Arlettaz R, Bauschatz AS, Mönkhoff M, Essers B, Bauersfeld U. The contribution of pulse oximetry to the early detection of congenital heart disease in newborns. Eur J Pediatr. 2006; 165:94-98.
[3]. Brown KL, Ridout DA, Hoskote A. Delayed diagnosis of congenital heart disease worsen preoperative condition and outcome of surgery in neonate. Heart 2006; 92:1298-1302.
[4]. Chang RR, Gurvitz M, Rodriguez S. Missed Diagnosis of Critical Congenital Heart Disease. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2008; 162:969-74.
[5]. De-Wahl GA, Wennergren M, Sandberg K. Impact of pulse oximetry screening on the detection of duct dependent congenital heart disease: a Swedish prospective screening study in 39,821 newborns. BMJ 2009; 338:a3037...

Abstract: X-rays are electromagnetic waves that can traverse the human body due to their high energy levels (≥1.24 keV) and ultra-short wavelengths (≤10-10m). Acute exposures have harmful health effects, affecting hematopoietic systems amongst others. X-ray unit workers experience these effects despite usage of Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs). This study spanned May 2018 to February 2019, and was aimed at determining the effects of exposures to low-dose x-rays on basic morphological characteristics of blood cells among radiographers in Port Harcourt.It was delimited to a target population of active radiographers who work for ≥ 6-hours daily; ≥ 5-days weekly; over ≥ 12-months, and a corresponding number of control subjects in premier five healthcare facilities.....

Keywords: Ionizing radiation, background radiation, blood cell morphology, poikilicytosis, anisocytosis, microcytosis, atypical lymphocytes, codocytes

[1]. Abubakar, A., Sadiq, A., Musa, M., Hassan, J., Malgwi, D. (2016). Assessment of Indoor Ionizing Radiation Profile in radiology department, FMC Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria.IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS).e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861. 16(1), ver. VI: pp 98-101. Available at http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jdms/papers/Vol16-issue1/Version-6/R16010698101.pdf. Accessed in August, 2017.
[2]. Alnahhal, M., Alajeramy, Y., Abu-Mostafa, S.,Abu-Shab, K., Jaber, S., Najim, A. (2017). Assessment of hematological parameters among medical radiographers at governmental hospitals, Gaza Strip, Palestine.American J. of Medicine and Medical Sci. 7(6): 238-241. Doi: 10.5923/j.ajmms.20170706.02. Available at https//10.5923.j.ajmms20170706.02.pdf. Accessed October, 2017
[3]. Boon, N., Colledge N., Walker, B., and Hunter, J. (2006). Oncology.Davidson‟s Principles and Practice of Medicine.20th ed. Churchill Livingstone (Elsevier), London-Eng. Ch.11; pp254-265. ISBN 978-0-443-10133-5
[4]. Brenner, D. and Hall, E. (2007). Computed Tomography: An increasing source of radiation exposure.Current concepts.The New England J. of medicine. 357(22):2277-2284.
[5]. Briggs-Kamara, M., Okoye, P., and Omubo-Pepple, V. (2013). Radiation safety awareness among patients and radiographers in three hospitals in Port-Harcourt.American journal of scientific and industrial research.4(1): pp83-88. Avail. https://doi.org/10.5251/ajsir.2013.4.1.83.88. Accessed August, 2017...