iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2019

Abstract: Antibiotic resistance is rapidly becoming one of the major global health problems of today. Its main reason is the irrational use of antibiotics by unaware and uninformed health care professionals and consumers. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess and increase the awareness of students of MBBS 2017 and MBBS 2018 of a private medical university in Meerut, U.P., India regarding antibiotic misuse and resistance. The study was conducted using a self designed, semi structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. In this quasi experimental study, 69% students were aware about the injudicious use of antibiotics while only 56.6% had knowledge regarding antibiotic resistance. It was also found that a high number of students self medicated using antibiotics despite being aware of their side effect. Hence it has become necessary to educate the future doctors regarding antibiotic misuse and its ill effects

[1]. Bassoum O, Sougou NM, Diongue M. Assessment of General Public‟s Knowledge and Opinions towards Antibiotic Use and Bacterial Resistance: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Urban Setting, Rufisque, Senegal. Pharmacy. 2018;(6):1-16.
[2]. Desai AJ, Gayathri GV, DS Mehta. Public‟s Perception, Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour on Antibiotic Resistance - A survey in Davangere City, India. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Holistic Health. 2016;2(1):17-23.
[3]. Banerjee F, Raghunathan A. Knowledge, attitude and practice of antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance: a study post the "Red Line‟ initiative. Current science. 2018;114(9):1866-1877.
[4]. Shaik T, Meher BR. A questionnaire based study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of rationale use of antibiotics among undergraduate dental students in a tertiary care dental hospital of South India. International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. 2017;6(2):312-315.
[5]. Jain A, Dhir SK, Batta M. Knowledge and practices in community regarding antibiotic usage. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2016;4(2):610-614

Abstract: Aims: A retrospective review of records of all the patients admitted with PUV undergoing valve ablation with Mohan's urethral valvotome to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the procedure in pediatric population including neonates. Materials and methods: Records of patients diagnosed with PUV and undergoing valve ablation with urethral valvotome strictly as per the steps described by Prof MK Abraham were reviewed. The variables noted down were: number, age of presentation, modes of clinical presentation ( including VUR if any). For outcome analysis, variables noted were: urinary stream, any dribbling, stricture, residual valve , bladder dysfunction or renal failure.....

Keywords: Posterior urethral valve, ablation, urethral valvotome

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[4]. Sudarshanan B, Nasir ARA, Puzhankara R, Kedari PM, Unnithan GR, Damisetti KRP. Posterior urethral valves: a single center experience over 7 years. Pediatr Surg Int 2009; 25: 283-7..

Abstract: Background: Granisetron, a potent antiemetic and a highly selective 5HT3(serotonin)receptor antagonist shows action on peripheral as well as central receptors. Since serotonin has an important role in pain modulation, premedication with such serotonin antagonists could influence the subarachnoid block produced by spinal anaesthesia . Study design: prospective randomized double blind study. Patients & Method: Eighty unpremedicated patients undergoing pelvic or lower limb surgeries were randomly taken into two equal groups. Study group received 1mg i.v.granisetron and control group received same volume of normal saline five minutes prior to spinal........

Key Words: 5HT3 receptor antagonists, granisetron, spinal anaesthesia, sensory and motor blockade, intravenous premedication

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Abstract: A 14 year old boy presented to Department of Ophthalmology in AGMC with complaints of bilateral sudden visual loss for 7 days. Visual acuity in both eyes was PL positive only not improving with pin hole. Anterior segment examination suggested RAPD in both eyes with medial rectus & inferior oblique involvement in left eye. Due to severely diminished visual acuity, visual field and colour vision could not be elicited. Fundus examination with 90 D revealed temporal pallor with pale optic disc in both eyes. MRI revealed pituitary macroadenoma. Endocrinological reports were within normal limit suggesting non-secretory pituitary macroadenoma. The patient underwent transsphenoidal resection of pituitary and follow up at 6 month showed improved visual.......

Keywords: Pituitary Macroadenoma, Temporal pallor, Optic Chiasma, Visual field defect, Ocular motility defect.

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Abstract: Background Haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation can result in deleterious effects in susceptible individuals. Various techniques and measures have been tried to attenuate this response but are not able to fully control it. Some recent study have highlighted the effectiveness of oral pregabalin in attenuation of these responses. Aims The aim of our study was to determine the effects of haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation and other side effects with oral pregabalin premedication. Methods.......

Key Word: Pregabalin, laryngoscopy and intubation, hemodynamic response

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Abstract: This was a prospective randomized controlled study, in which the outcome of post operative intravesical chemotherapy with Mitomycin C [MMC] and immunotherapy with BCG was evaluated and compared in patients with superficial (Ta/T1) transitional cell carcinoma urinary bladder. From January 2008 to June 2017, 189 patients of superficial transitional cell carcinoma urinary bladder were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups [BCG group (n=95) & MMC group (n=94)]. The baseline parameters were similar in both the groups. All patients.......

Key Words: Intravesical therapy; Immunotherapy; Superficial TCC; BCG; MMC.

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Abstract: Background: Among non-neoplastic lesions of thyroid, Hashimoto thyroiditis is the most common thyroid lesion after goiter. It is an autoimmune disorder characterized by destruction of thyroid follicles by cellular as well as humoral immunity.It has an incidence of 3-6/10000 population per year and prevalence rate of 1-4%. It is more common in 3rd to 4th decade of life with female sex predilection. There is rising trend of Hashimoto thyroiditis either due to dietary iodine supplementation or due to improved diagnostic modalities or both. Methods: All patients presented with anterior neck swelling moving with deglutition were selected in the study. Total 287 patients diagnosed.....

Key Words: Hashimoto thyroiditis, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, Fine needle aspiration cytology, thyroid function test

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Abstract: Background: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare chronic inflammatory breast condition that is characterised by varied local presentations. It is often confused with tuberculosis or malignancy, diagnosis is confirmed only on histopathological examination. Methods: A retrospective study was done on all cases of IGM diagnosed within a span of five years in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal. Results: During the study period twelve cases of IGM had been diagnosed. All were parous females in the age range of 32-45 years, the mean age being 38.75 years. The disease was on the right side in 66.67% patients. A painless lump was the......

Key Words: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, surgery, corticosteroids

[1]. Prasad S, Jaiprakash P, Dave A, Pai D. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: an institutional experience. Turk j Surg 2017; 33: 100-103
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Abstract: The management of locally advanced carcinoma oesophagus is challenging.Various modalities of treatment are available for palliation of dysphagia, but there is no consensus regarding the best method. Studies have shown combination of high dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) and External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) is superior to HDRBT alone for the palliation of oesophageal cancer. Our study aim is to assess efficacy of external beam radiotherapy 30Gy followed by intraluminal Brachytherapy 16Gy (8Gy per fraction).A total 30 adult..........

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Abstract: Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women worldwide and it is the third leading cancer in Bangladeshi women. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in breast cancer is established as an important prognostic factor and is defined as tumor emboli present within a definite endothelium-lined space in the breast surrounding invasive carcinoma. The existence of LVI help identify who is at increased risk for axillary lymph node and distant metastasis. The aim of this study was to compare the LVI detection using routine H&E stain,PAS stain and immunohistochemistry. It was a cross sectional analytic study where fifty cases of histologically diagnosed invasive ductal carcinoma of breast were included. Microscopic detection of vessels and lymphovascular invasion and comparison between findings of H&E and PAS stained sections with that of VWF & CD34 stained......

Key Words: Invasive ductal carcinoma, lymphovascular invasion, endothelial cells, H&E stain, PAS stain, CD34 stain, Von Willebrand factor.

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Abstract: Aim: Whether additional anesthetic and analgesic effects are derived from administration of clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist to brachial plexus block through supraclavicular approach. Place and duration of study: Anaesthesia Department, Siddhartha Medical College / Government General Hospital, Vijayawada,Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh from Jan'2017 to June'2018. Methodology: The randomization was done by computerized programme and patients were allocated into two groups: Bupivacaine +Clonidine group(n=50) and Bupivacaine group (n=50) in a double-blind fashion. All the patients were premedicated with Intravenous Injection Midazolam 2 mg, 15 minutes before the block. Bupivacaine+Clonidine group (n=50) received 40 ml diluted solution containing Bupivacaine 0.25% with 2μg/kg body weight of Clonidine......

Key Words: brachial plexus, bupivacaine, clonidine

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