iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-6 ~ June-2019

Abstract: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, plasmodium malariae or plasmodium ovale, which affects all age groups. The symptoms may be from uncomplicated to complicated ones affecting multiple systems. Objective: To observe the clinical profile of malaria patients admitted in the pediatric ward of a tertiary care centre in Guwahati. Materials and methods: A total of 88 children were admitted from June2013 to June 2016 which were confirmed by PBS study and Card test (Pf and Pv).Results: Of the total 88 patients, fever was the commonest presentation and the commonest complication noticed was impaired consciousness.

[1]. Yadav D,Chandra J,Aneja S,Kumar V,Dutta AK:Changing Profile of Severe Malaria in Northern India in Indian J Pediatrics April 2012;79:483-487.
[2]. Kochar DK,Tanwar GS,Khatri PC,et al.Clinical features in children hospitalized with malaria-a study from Bikaner,North-west India.Am J Trop Med Hyg.2010;83:981-9.
[3]. Bag S,Samal GC,DeepN et al.Complicated falciparum Malaria.Indian Pediatrics 1994;31:821-825.
[4]. OP Ghai.Essential Pediatrics.9TH Edition.pg254-259
[5]. Kamble.Milind B,Raut PradeepP et al.Cerebral Malaria in Rural India.92 IndianJ Pediatr2002;69(8):659-661..

Abstract: The knee joint is the largest and most complex joint of human body. Anteriorly, the knee joint is not covered by any thick muscular covering and because of this structural weakness and very thin anterior covering the joint is prone to injuries from direct trauma and rotation. (1,2) The knee ligaments are often injured in athletic activities, specially football, gymnastic and other sports. The injury to the intra-articular structures is generally termed as internal derangement of knee. (3) Traumatic injury was conventionally assessed clinically and subjected to radiograph. The meniscal and ligament tears cannot be diagnosed completely by clinical examination; therefore, we have to use non-invasive or invasive measures to diagnose these changes. Currently now MRI is the non-invasive examination of choice in evaluation of internal derangement of knee. (4) Arthroscopy.........

[1]. Peter L Williams, Roger Warwick : Arthrology; Gray's anatomy 36th ed. 482
[2]. Robert H, Miller III, Frederick M.Azar :Knee injuries; Campbell's operative orthopaedics. 11th ed. 2410.
[3]. Hughston JC: Acute knee injuries in athletes, Clin Orthop 23:114,2962. Correlation between MRI Findings and Arthroscopic Findings in Internal Degeneration of Knee DOI: 10.9790/0853-1604052225 www.iosrjournals.org 25
[4]. Terry GC, Tagert BE, Ypung MJ. Reliability of the clinical assessment in predicting the cause of internal derangement of the knee. Arthroscopy 1995;11:568-576
[5]. Abdon P, Arnbjornsson AH, Egrund N, Lindstrand A, Odenbring S, Pettersson H. Lateral meniscal lesions in patients with clinically suspected medial lesions, Acta Orthop Scan 1989;60:453-456.

Abstract: Background: Purpose of current study was to describe the variations found in the development, anatomical and functional importance of fallopian tube .This is about fundamental significance in treatment of infertility. Methods: The study is done on 32 embalmed female foetuses and 30 adult uteruses which were explored by gross dissection. The following data are noted from each specimen- length of tube, relation of tubes on both sides, number of fimbria and anomalies. Results: In allspecimens studied the length of the tube is approximately 5.2-10.1 cm. The ampullary changes seen in 3rd trimester foetuses found to be convoluted. The convolutions are not so much marked in the 1st and 2nd trimester foetuses. In one foetus there is complete absence of left side tube. Another foetus........

Keywords: Fallopian tube, development, congenital anomalies, morphology

[1]. Susan Standring. The fallopian tubes. In: Susan Standring, eds. Gray‟s Anatomy. 40th ed. US: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2008: 1292-1293.
[2]. Arnold Land, Ernst Haeckel. The fallopian tubes. In: Arnold Land, Ernst Haeckel, eds. Text Book of Comparative Anatomy. 1st ed. New York: Parti London Macmillan and Co; 1891: 254-265.
[3]. Wood Jones F. The fallopian tubes. In: Wood Jones F, eds. Buchana‟s Manual of Anatomy. 8th ed. London: Balliere Tindall and Cox Reprinted; 1953: 940-941.
[4]. Bodemer, C. W. History of the Mammalian Oviduct. In : The Mammalian oviduct Hafez. E. S. E. and Blandau, R.. J,,(eds) (The University of Chicago Press, 1969). Pp. 3-21.
[5]. Fallopius, G. Observationes anatomicae. In : The Mammalian oviduct. Hafez, E.S.E. and Blandau, R.J (eds). Venice. (The University of Chicago Press, 1561). pp. 3-21..

Abstract: Background and Objectives: The two most common paragangliomas represent in the form of a neck mass that arise at the carotid bifurcation (carotid body tumor) and along the nodose ganglion (ganglion nodosum) of the vagus nerve (glomus vagale). The same reflect as a typical mass which manifests as a painless slow-growing mass in the anterior triangle of the suprahyoid neck. Carotid body tumors originate in the juxtahyoid neck and isolate the internal and external carotid arteries on sectional imaging. Recent advents of multidetector CT have proved their efficacy with provision of even exceptional details improvising delineation of the normal structures of head & neck with pathological abnormalities. To demonstrate usefulness of Toshiba....

Keywords: Carotid Body , Paragangliomas , Glomus Vagale , Multi Detector Computerized Tomography (MDCT)

[1]. Van den Berg R. Imaging and management of head and neck paragangliomas. Eur Radiol2005;15:1310–18

[2]. Vogl R, Bruning H, Schedel, et al. Paragangliomas of the jugular bulb and carotid body: MR imaging with short sequences and Gd-DTPA enhancement. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1989;153:583–87
[3]. Silver AJ, Mawad ME, Hilal SK, Ascherl GF, Chynn KY and Baredes S. Computed tomography of carotid space and related spaces. Part II: Neurogenic tumors. Radiology 1984; 150: 729-735.
[4]. Muhm M, Polterauer P, Gstottner W, Temmel A, Richling B, Undt G, Niederle B, Staudacher M and Ehringer H. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to carotid body tumors. Arch Surg 1997; 132: 279-284.

[5]. Shibuya Y, Umeda M, Yoshikawa T, Komori T. Carotid body tumour. Oral Oncol. 2002;38:313–7..

Abstract: Background: Seizures are more common in the neonatal period than during any other time throughout life. Compared with seizures at older ages, neonatal seizures differ in etiology, semiology, and electroencephalographic signature, and can be refractory to antiepileptic drugs that are effective in other age populations. Objectives: To find out the etiologies of seizures in neonates admitted in a Tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: The study was cross sectional, observational & analytical in nature, performed over a period of 1 year. Data were analyzed in microsoft excel using standard statistical techniques. Results: Major etiologies for neonatal......

[1]. Mohamad A. Mikati and Abeer J Hani.NeonatalSeizures.In Robert M. Kliegman, Bonita F. Stanton, Joseph W. St gemeIII, Nina F. Schor Richard E. Behrman. Nelson Textbook of paediatrics Elsevier.20th Edition.Philadelphia.p2849-2854.
[2]. Malik BA, Butt MA, Shamoon M, Tehseen Z, Fatima A, Hashmat N. Seizures etiology in the newborn period.J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2005;15: 786–790
[3]. Najeeb S, Qureshi AM, Rehman A, Ahmad F, Shah S, Khan AY, et al. Aetiology and types of neonatal seizures presenting at Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad.Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2012;24(1):33-37
[4]. Shah FU, Jehanzeb M, Khan MA. Etiological study of seizures in neonates. Khyber Med Univ J 2013; 5(1): 9-12

[5]. Maya Prasad, Mary Iype .Neonatal Seizures – A Profile of the Etiology and time of occurrence.Indian Pediatrics 2008; 55-59..

Abstract: Background: In the 21st century it has been found there is various factor which hinder body donation to the various medical college. Body donation is necessary for improving medical science. Objective : To know the trend of body donation and to know the cause of body donation in the 21st century. Material and method: A study was performed in Nil Ratan Sircar medical college for the period of four year from January 2014 to December 2018. Data collected from department of anatomy. Exclusion and inclusion criteria are selected. Data compilation and statistical analysis are made. Result: A total 320 body was donated during the above mentioned year. From the party, we have taken the data of pre-structured and preformed questionnaires.....

Key Words: Anatomy, cause of donation

[1]. Rokhade S K, body donation :A review. Medical journal of western India2013;vol 41 ,issue 1.
[2]. Rath g garg k, inception of cadaver dissection and its relevance in present day scenario of medical education. Indian J med Asso 2006, 104(6):331-3
[3]. Armstrong GT. Age: man indicator of willingness to donate. J transplant Coord, 1996;6(4) :171-3
[4]. Boulware LE, Ratner L E , Cooper L A, LA Veist T A,Whole body donation for medical science, a population based study, clinical anatomy 2004 :17(7): 570 -7.
[5]. Rokade S A, Gaikawd A P. Social awareness and attitude about body donationin Maharastra. Unpublished data

Abstract: Neonatal sepsis is a marker of organism load in the community . It contributes 30% death in the developing country. It is of two types Early onset and Late onset. Early detection by the clinical signs and symptoms followed by Microbiological detection of organism, prevents the complications. Organism profile of a tertiary care set up is very much necessary to determine the nature of the organism. If early clinical detection, followed by culture confirmation and use of proper antimicrobial agent can decrease the neonatal mortality and morbidity. Thus antibiogram.....

Keywords:Neonatal Sepsis, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Blood Culture, Cross infection, Asepsis

[1]. Santosh Kumar Kamalakannan (April 04, 2018) 'Neonatal Sepsis Past to Present', Biomed J Sci&Tech Res, 3(3), pp. 1-6
[2]. Destaalem Gebremedhin, Haftu Berhe, Kahsu Gebrekirstos (2016) ''Risk Factors for Neonatal Sepsis in Public Hospitals of Mekelle City, North Ethiopia, 2015: Unmatched Case Control Study', PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0154798, (), pp. 1-10 [Online]. Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0154798 (Accessed: 27th May 2019).
[3]. Yettrie Bess Congencya Simarmata, Urip Harahap, GuslihanDasa Djipta (2016) 'Identification of Risk Factors caused neonatal Sepsis of Prem ature Neonatus in Adam Malik General Hospital Center', International Journal of PharmTech Research, 9(11), pp. 54-57.
[4]. Sweetha Nayak, Rekha Rai, Vimal K. Kumar, H. Sanjeev, Asha K. B. Pai, H. R. Ganesh (2014) 'Distribution of microorganisms in neonatal sepsis and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in a tertiary care hospital', Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2(2), pp. 136-139 [Online]. Available at: http://www.amhsjournal.org (Accessed: 27th May 2019).
[5]. Pinaki Panigrahi, Dinesh S. Chandel, Nellie I. Hansen et al (2017) ''Neonatal sepsis in rural India: timing, microbiology and antibiotic resistance in a population-based prospective study in the community setting'', J Perinato, 37(8), pp. 911-921.

Abstract: The corneal transparency is maintained by the Na+/K+-ATPase pump of the endothelial cells.This pump function is affected following intraocular surgery due to endothelial cell loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the pre-operative and post-operative changes in specular microscopy following combined Phacotrabeculectomy with MMC(Group A) versus Phacoemulsification(Group B). Sixty eyes were included in both the groups.Post-operatively there was a significant reduction in the endothelial cell density and a corresponding increase in Coefficient of Variation in both the groups. A significant reduction was noted in CCT of Group A and no such change was seen in Group B in the post-operative period. This difference in post-operative CCT could be related to the drop in IOP in subjects of Group A.

Key Words: Specular microscopy, central corneal thickness, endothelial cell loss

[1]. Waring III GO, Bourne WM, Edelhauser HF, Kenyon KR. The corneal endothelium: normal and pathologic structure and function. Ophthalmology. 1982 Jun 1;89(6):531-90.
[2]. Williams KK, Noe RL, Grossniklaus HE, Drews-Botsch C, Edelhauser HF. Correlation of histologic corneal endothelial cell counts with specular microscopic cell density. Archives of Ophthalmology. 1992 Aug 1;110(8):1146-9. [3]. Armitage WJ, Dick AD, Bourne WM. Predicting endothelial cell loss and long-term corneal graft survival. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. 2003 Aug 1;44(8):3326-31.
[4]. Sihota R, Sharma T, Agarwal HC. Intraoperative mitomycin C and the corneal endothelium. ActaOphthalmologicaScandinavica. 1998 Feb;76(1):80-2.

[5]. Nassiri N, Nassiri N, Rahnavardi M, Rahmani L. A comparison of corneal endothelial cell changes after 1-site and 2-site phacotrabeculectomy. Cornea. 2008 Sep 1;27(8):889-94..

Abstract: Alcohol is the most commonly used and widely abused psychoactive substance. Alcohol dependence syndrome is a chronic progressive disorder. In psychotic syndrome due to alcohol use, thought disturbances such as delusion, perceptual disturbance such as hallucination and mood symptoms like depression, mania should be prominent. This study was undertaken to identify factors like dependence severity, family history stressful life events, demographic factors and personality profile that may be associated with psychotic disorder due to alcohol use...........

......

Abstract: Acute and chronic wounds affect at least 1% of the population. In clinical practice many wounds are slow to heal, difficult to manage and represent a significant risk factor for hospitalization, amputation, sepsis, and even death. In addition to the pain and suffering, failure of the wound to heal also imposes social and financial burdens. From the patient's perspective, wound therapy is often uncomfortable and painful. Recently introduced technique of topical negative pressure therapy or vacuum assisted closure (VAC) has been developed to try to overcome some of these difficulties. The purpose of this study is to assess outcome of VAC dressing in acute and chronic wounds

Key Words: Topical negative pressure therapy, Vacuum assisted closure (VAC), Wound healing

[1]. Hibbs P. The economics of pressure ulcer prevention. Dicubitus. 1989;2:32-38.
[2]. Mustoe TA, OShaughnessy K, KloetersO.Chronic wound pathogenesis and current treatment strategies:a unifying hypothesis. J PlastReconstr Surg. 2006;117:35-41.
[3]. KrankeP,Bennett M, Roeckl-WiedmannI,DebusS.Hyperbaric oxygen for chronic wounds. The Cochrane Library,Issue 2, 2003.
[4]. Joseph E, Hamori CA, Bergman S, Roaf E, Swann NF, Anastasi GW. A prospective randomised trial of vacuum-assisted closure versus standard therapy of chronic non-healing wounds. Wounds. 2000;12(3):60-67.
[5]. Lazarus GS, Cooper DM, Knighton DR, et al. Definitions and guidelines for assessment of wounds and evaluation of healing. Arch Dermatol . 1994;130(4)489-93.

Abstract: Nose is the most prominent structure in the profile of face. It continues to grow downward and forward till growth ceases. Increase in nose size takes place both in the horizontal and vertical direction. This research aims at assessing if nasal esthetics is viewed in consonance by orthodontist, otorhinolaryngologist, oral surgeon, prosthodontist, first and final year professional dental students. The Materials used in this study were Photographic materials, Adobe Photoshop version 8 and Survey tool. The Parameters included were nasal length, nasal height, nasal tip projection. nasolabial angle and nasofrontal angle . The ideal image selected by the judges was altered by Adobe......

Keywords: Esthetic, Perception, Facial harmony

[1]. Lines P.A, Lines R.R, Lines C.A. Profilemetrics and Facial Esthetics. Am J Orthod. 1978; 73 (6): 648-57.
[2]. Fitzgerald J.P, Nanda R.S, Currier G.F. An Evaluation of the Nasolabial Angle and the Relative Inclinations of the Nose and Upper Lip. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 1992; 102: 328-34.
[3]. Tanikawa C, Takada K. Skeletofacial Morphology of Attractive and Non attractive Faces. Angle Orthod. 2006; 76: 204–210.
[4]. Russell K.A, Waldman S.D, Tompson B, Lee J.M. Nasal Morphology and Shape Parameters as Predictors of Nasal Esthetics in Individuals with Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate. Cleft Palate–Craniofacial Journal. September 2001; 38 (5): 476-81.
[5]. Stephan C.N, Henneberg M, Sampson W. Predicting Nose Projection and Pronasale Position in Facial Approximation: A Test of Published Methods And Proposal of New Guidelines. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 2003; 122: 240–250.
[6]. Abdulrasheed I, Eneye A.M. Philtral columns and nostril shapes in nigerian children: A morphometric and aesthetic analysis. plastic surgery international volume. 2013; 32(3):14-22..

Abstract: Free jejunal transfer (FJT) is the preferred method for the reconstruction after cervical esophagectomy. We present 10 cases of FJT performed in our clinic within 1992. The mean (±SD) age of the patients was 55.8±12.5 years (min. 38, max. 68). Two (20%) patients were women, while eight (80%) were men. All patients were candidates for esophagus repair due to cancer. An intestinal section at sufficient length with a vascular arch was prepared. Appropriate.........

[1]. Popescu CR, Bertesteanu SVG, Mirea D, Grigore R, lonescu D, Popescu B. The epidemiology of hypopharynx and cervical esophagus cancer. J Med Life. 2010;3(4):396–401.
[2]. Ahn S-H, Hong HJ, Kwon SY, Kwon KH, Roh J-L, Ryu J, et al. Guidelines for the Surgical Management of Laryngeal Cancer: Korean Society of Thyroid-Head and Neck Surgery. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Mar;10(1):1–43.
[3]. Jiang M, He X, Wu D, Han Y, Zhang H, Wang M. Reconstruction techniques for hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal carcinoma. J Thorac Dis. 2015 Mar;7(3):449–54.
[4]. Tachibana S, Miyamoto S, Goto T, Ishida K, Iida T, Okazaki M, et al. Efficacy of Tensed and Straight Free Jejunum Transfer for the Reduction of Postoperative Dysphagia. Plast Reconstr surgery Glob open. 2017 Dec;5(12):e1599.
[5]. Carlson GW, Schusterman MA, Guillamondegui OM. Total reconstruction of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus: a 20-year experience. Ann Plast Surg. 1992 Nov;29(5):408–12..